{{Short description|Species of fish}} {{Speciesbox | image = KitamakuraWM.jpg | image_caption = | genus = Canthigaster | species = rivulata | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn |author=Shao, K. |author2=Liu, M. |author3=Jing, L. |author4=Hardy, G. |author5=Leis, J.L. |author6=Matsuura, K. |year=2014 |title=''Canthigaster rivulata'' |volume=2014 |article-number=e.T193705A2263281 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T193705A2263281.en |access-date=5 August 2023}}</ref> | authority = (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) }}
'''''Canthigaster rivulata''''' commonly known as the '''brown-lined puffer''', or '''kitamakura''' (Japanese: キタマクラ) is a marine fish belonging to the family Tetradontidae.
== Description == thumb|Male in breeding colours ''Canthigaster rivulata'' is a fish which grows up to 15–20 cm length. Its body has 2 longitudinal dark bands that join in front of the gill slit, lower band that is either faint or absent, small dark spots in the ventral area, caudal fin with dark stripes and a dark blotch at the caudal base.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fishbase.us/summary/Canthigaster-rivulata.html|title=Canthigaster rivulata summary page|website=FishBase|language=en|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref>
== Distribution and habitat == This species are found in tropical waters of Indo-Pacific. It can be seen in the waters from East Africa south to Natal, South Africa and east to Hawaii, north to southern Japan and south to north western Australia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fishbase.us/summary/Canthigaster-rivulata.html|title=Canthigaster rivulata summary page|website=FishBase|language=en|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/en|title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|website=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref>
They are usually near rocky and coral reefs that are 100 metres deep however they are also found around shore lines that are around 30 metres deep.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.honda.co.jp/fishing/picture-book/kitamakura/|title=キタマクラの特徴 {{!}} 釣魚図鑑（特徴・仕掛け・さばき方） {{!}} Honda釣り倶楽部|website=Honda公式ホームページ|language=ja|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref>
== Diet == ''Canthigaster rivulata'' is omnivorous and preys mainly on algae, echinoderms and molluscs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zukan.com/fish/internal8|title=キタマクラ {{!}} WEB魚図鑑|website=ズカンドットコム|language=ja|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref>
== Behaviour and breeding == This pufferfish is a solitary animal. Its breeding season is in Summer and during this time, the male presents its breeding colour which shows vibrant blue patterns around its body.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zukan.com/fish/internal8|title=キタマクラ {{!}} WEB魚図鑑|website=ズカンドットコム|language=ja|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref>
== Poison == The fish has the poison, tetrodotoxin, resided in the intestine, liver but mostly in the skin and the mucus generated by it, however it is not present in the muscle or the ovary like most other Pufferfish. Its mucus has high risk of contamination of the toxin to other fish or human due to direct contact with the skin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zukan-bouz.com/syu/%E3%82%AD%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9|title=キタマクラ {{!}} 魚類 {{!}} 市場魚貝類図鑑|website=ぼうずコンニャクの市場魚貝類図鑑|language=ja|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kurashi-no.jp/I0013923|title=キタマクラの名前の由来とは？生態や毒の危険性、特徴をご紹介！ {{!}} 暮らし～の[クラシーノ]|website=kurashi-no.jp|date=7 June 2015 |language=ja|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref>
== References == {{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2689453}}
rivulata Category:Taxa named by Coenraad Jacob Temminck Category:Taxa named by Hermann Schlegel