Manila–Cavite Expressway

{{Short description|Expressway in the Philippines}} {{redirect|CAVITEX|the basketball team|Cavitex Braves}} {{Distinguish|N62 highway (Philippines)#Noveleta to Cavite City{{!}}Manila–Cavite Road|Muntinlupa–Cavite Expressway{{!}}Muntinlupa–Cavite Expressway (MCX)}} {{Use Philippine English|date=April 2023}} {{Use mdy dates|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox road | country = PHL | type = E | route = 3 | marker_image = {{Infobox road/shieldmain/PHL|type=E|route=3}} {{fontcolor|white|red|R-1}} 250px | name = Manila–Cavite Expressway | alternate_name = Coastal Road | map = CAVITEX map.png | map_notes = Map of expressways in Luzon, with the Manila–Cavite Expressway in orange | image = Manila–Cavite Expressway.jpg | image_notes = Northbound view of CAVITEX near Zapote, Las Piñas | maint = PEA Tollway Corporation and Cavite Infrastructure Corporation | length_km = 14 | length_round = 1 | length_ref = | established = 1998 | allocation = {{plainlist| * {{fontcolor|white|red|R-1}} R-1 * {{jct|country=PHL|E|3}} }} | restrictions = No tricycles and motorcycles below 400cc | direction_a = North | direction_b = South | terminus_a = {{jct|country=PHL|N|61|N|194|name1=Roxas Boulevard|name2=NAIA Road}} / Seaside Drive in Parañaque | terminus_b = {{jct|country=PHL|N|62|N|64|N|400-2|name1=Tirona Highway|name2=Antero Soriano Highway|name3=Covelandia Road}} in Kawit, Cavite | junction = {{plainlist | * {{jct|country=PHL|E|6|name1=NAIA Expressway}} in Parañaque * {{jct|country=PHL|E|5|name1=CAVITEX–C-5 Link}} in Parañaque/Las Piñas * {{jct|country=PHL|N|62|N|411|name1=Aguinaldo Boulevard|name2=Alabang–Zapote Road}} in Bacoor }} | provinces = Cavite | cities = Bacoor, Las Piñas, and Parañaque | towns = Kawit | regions = Calabarzon and Metro Manila }}

The '''Manila–Cavite Expressway''', commonly referred to as '''CAVITEX''' among other names,{{Efn|It is also referred to by its former and alternative names: '''Coastal Road''', '''Manila–Cavite Coastal Road''', '''R-1 Expressway''', and '''Aguinaldo Boulevard'''. It is also officially known as the '''Manila–Cavite Toll Expressway Project''' ('''MCTEP''').<ref>{{cite news|url=https://cavitexpressway.com/news-and-events/construction-begins-new-cavitex-c5-link-sections-project-deal-inked|title=Construction Begins on New Cavitex C5 Link Sections, Project Deal Inked|website=Cavite Expressway|date=July 10, 2020|location=Parañaque City}}</ref>}}{{efn|{{IPA|tl|ˈkavitɛks}}}} is a {{convert|14|km|mi|adj=mid|-long|sp=us}} controlled-access highway linking Metro Manila to the southern province of Cavite in the Philippines. At its northern terminus, it connects to Roxas Boulevard in Parañaque. At the southern end, it splits into two termini along the northern coast of Kawit, Cavite. The first connects to the intersection of Covelandia Road, Tirona Highway, and Antero Soriano Highway. The second southern terminus is an exit-only ramp leading to Tirona Highway in Barangay Marulas. It is a component of Expressway 3 (E3) of the Philippine expressway network and Radial Road 1 (R-1) of Metro Manila's arterial road network and also one of the four expressways serving as the airplanes' northbound airway of domestic flights leading to Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) coming from Visayas and Mindanao along with Southern Tagalog Arterial Road (STAR Tollway), South Luzon Expressway (SLEX), and Metro Manila Skyway.

CAVITEX is operated and maintained by the Public Estates Authority Tollway Corporation (PEATC), a non-chartered government-owned and controlled corporation (GOCC), a subsidiary of the Public Estates Authority (PEA), a government agency under the Office of the President, and is in a joint venture with the Cavite Infrastructure Corporation, a unit of Metro Pacific Investments Corporation (MPIC).<ref name="philstar.com">{{Cite news|title=MPIC unit eyes P22.5 billion Cavitex extension|work=The Philippine Star|url=https://www.philstar.com/business/2018/04/04/1802478/mpic-unit-eyes-p225-billion-cavitex-extension|access-date=April 7, 2018}}</ref>

==Route description== thumb|left|The expressway at its interchange with Pacific Avenue in Parañaque thumb|The expressway's Kawit extension|left

The Manila–Cavite Expressway follows a mostly curving route on the southwestern shore of Manila Bay, and the Bacoor–Kawit extension is built on reclaimed land near the coastal barangays of Bacoor. The road uses a barrier toll system, which involves toll barriers at entry points and no toll collection at the exit points, except at the Kawit and Parañaque toll plazas. The expressway is a physical extension of Roxas Boulevard. The lane count typically consists of four lanes per direction in Segment 1 (Parañaque to Zapote, Bacoor), originally known as Coastal Road, and two lanes per direction in Segment 4 and its extension (Bacoor to Kawit), also known as the Kawit extension and forms part of R-1 Extension;<ref name="aboutus">{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.cavitex.ph/about-us/ |accessdate=August 17, 2024 |website=CAVITEX}}</ref> it widens to 24 total lanes at the Parañaque toll plaza and 21 at the Kawit toll plaza.

The expressway starts at the traffic light intersection with NAIA Road, Roxas Boulevard, and New Seaside Drive in Barangay Tambo. Past the intersection is an eastbound entrance and westbound exit of NAIA Expressway. The only at-grade intersection of the expressway then comes at its intersection with Pacific Avenue, where southbound motorists are also carried by the Pacific Avenue flyover. The expressway then meets the western terminus of the CAVITEX–C-5 Link and widens on approach to the Parañaque toll plaza. Past the toll plaza, it meets a right-in/right-out interchange with the Circumferential Road 5 (C-5) Extension, accessible only for northbound motorists. The expressway then enters the province of Cavite and passes the Bacoor (Longos) Exit, the original end of the expressway at Bacoor, where the original alignment involved a curve that was changed to a full interchange with the opening of the Kawit extension. CAVITEX past Bacoor Exit becomes a four-lane dual carriageway on reclaimed land built on the shores of the seaside barangays of Bacoor. The expressway widens once again at the approach to the Kawit toll plaza. The terminus at Kawit is a box intersection with Tirona Highway, Covelandia Road, and Antero Soriano Highway, which is the physical extension of the existing expressway. The end of the expressway at Kawit will accommodate the Cavite end of the Cavite–Laguna Expressway.

==History== ===Proposed Cavite Boulevard=== {{See also|Roxas Boulevard}} thumb|Daniel Burnham's plan of the Cavite Boulevard from Manila to Cavite|left Even before the conception of the expressway, the Cavite Boulevard was planned by Architect Daniel Burnham to connect the city of Manila with the province of Cavite as part of his plan to beautify the city.<ref name="R1909">(1910). [https://books.google.com/books?id=25sqAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA68 "Report of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War"], pg.68. Government Printing Office, Washington.</ref> According to his original concept of the Cavite Boulevard, the bayfront boulevard would be built on reclaimed land from Luneta in Manila to Cavite Navy Yard, about {{convert|20|mi}} away, as it follows the shoreline to Cavite. However, the present-day Roxas Boulevard, a part of this plan, was built up to Parañaque only.

===As an untolled road=== In 1963, Republic Act No. 3572 was enacted to allocate funds for the extension of Dewey Boulevard (now Roxas Boulevard) to Cavite City, realizing the long-envisioned plan for the bayfront boulevard initially conceived by Daniel Burnham.<ref>{{cite PH act|chamber=RA|number=3572|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/25794|date=June 21, 1963|accessdate=May 18, 2024|publisher=Supreme Court E-Library|title=An Act Appropriating Funds for the Construction of Dewey Boulevard Extension to Cavite City}}</ref> In 1973, under the administration of President Ferdinand Marcos, they proposed a planned highway, dubbed the Manila Bay Coastal Road Project, and its route would be started at the CCP Complex near the Manila-Pasay Boundary to Bacoor. However, this was later converted into two boulevards: Macapagal Boulevard and Jose W. Diokno Boulevard.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Samonte |first=Severino C. |date=August 17, 2023 |title=Late President FM planned Manila-Bataan coastal road in 1973 |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/opinion/pieces/736-late-president-fm-planned-manila-bataan-coastal-road-in-1973 |access-date=May 23, 2024 |website=Philippine News Agency}}</ref> The Construction and Development Corporation of the Philippines (CDCP), now the Philippine National Construction Corporation (PNCC), entered into a contract with the Republic of the Philippines, represented by the then Department of Public Highways (DPH), now the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), dated November 20, of that year, for the construction of the Manila-Cavite Coastal Road and the reclamation of some portions of the foreshore and off-shore lands along Manila Bay at the PNCC's own expense, otherwise known as the Manila-Cavite Coastal Road and Reclamation Project (MCCRRP).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Administrative Order No. 397 |url=https://lawphil.net/executive/ao/ao1998/ao_397_1998.html}}</ref>

In response to the daily traffic congestion in the narrow passage between Parañaque and Las Piñas leading to Cavite, the government later constructed a {{convert|6.6|km|adj=on|sp=us}}, four-lane (two on each side) asphalt reclaimed road from Roxas Boulevard leading to the then-municipalities of Parañaque, Las Piñas, and Bacoor which opened in 1985.<ref name="pea">{{cite web|title=Land Development|url=http://pea.gov.ph/programs-and-projects/land-development|website=Public Estates Authority|access-date=January 20, 2016}}</ref><ref name="trb_cavitex">{{cite web|title=Toll Road Projects: CAVITEX|url=http://www.trb.gov.ph/toll-road-projects/cavitex|publisher=Toll Regulatory Board}}</ref> In 1988, the final construction work was completed and conducted that year, and the road was expanded into four lanes.<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 1, 1988 |title=Coastal road to be finished |work=Manila Standard |pages=2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=October 30, 1988 |title=Mla-Cavite coastal road now 4 lanes |work=Manila Standard |pages=6}}</ref> Originally named the Manila–Cavite Coastal Road, it was renamed Aguinaldo Boulevard in 1989.<ref name=":1">{{cite PH act|chamber=RA|number=6730|title=An Act Naming the Manila-Cavite Coastal Road as the Aguinaldo Boulevard|url=https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1989/ra_6730_1989.html|date=June 14, 1989|access-date=May 11, 2021}}</ref>

=== As an expressway ===

==== Development and construction ==== The road deteriorated so fast that it needed to be upgraded to toll standards. This led to the Manila-Cavite Toll Expressway Project (MCTEP), more popularly known as "Coastal Road". It is a joint venture project of the Public Estates Authority (now the Philippine Reclamation Authority) and the Malaysian group of Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) and Renong Berhad (Renong).<ref name="trb_cavitex" />{{failed verification|date=September 2025}}

The project is an offshoot of the February 3, 1994, state visit to the Philippines of then Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, where a Memorandum of Understanding for joint and cooperative implementation of critical infrastructure projects in the Philippines was signed. The MOU provided, among others, the construction and completion of the Manila-Cavite Toll Expressway and the expansion, extension, and modernization of other roadways and tollway systems. The project is a major component of a vast network of inter-urban roads traversing six municipalities, namely Parañaque, Las Piñas, Bacoor, Imus, Kawit, and Noveleta.<ref name="trb_cavitex" />

On December 27, 1994, a Joint Venture Agreement by and between the PEA, MARA and Renong was signed whereby PEA shall ensure that all land and rights of way necessary are made available for the carrying out of the Design and Construction Works obligation of the Malaysian parties.<ref name="trb_cavitex" /> The groundbreaking for the new expressway took place on September 14, 1995, beginning with Segment 1, which included widening the existing mainline from Parañaque to Zapote and upgrading existing bridges. On July 26, 1996, the Toll Operation Agreement between the Republic of the Philippines (acting through the Toll Regulatory Board), Public Estates Authority and UEM-Mara Philippines Corporation was signed. It was under this Agreement that PEA Tollway Corporation (PEATC) was created. Under the agreement, PEATC is to undertake and perform the obligations of PEA, which principally provides the operation and maintenance of the toll roads or any of its segments. Commercial operations started on May 24, 1998.<ref name="trb_cavitex" />

On December 15, 1999, Coastal Road Corporation, a wholly owned Filipino entity, bought all UEM and MARA shares in UEM-Mara Philippines Corporation. The buy-out officially relinquished all the obligations and liabilities of the Malaysian Companies under the JVA and the TOA, as CRC took over the project's management and immediately undertook the unfinished portions of the MCTE Project.<ref name="trb_cavitex" />

On November 14, 2006, an Operations and Maintenance Agreement was signed between the Philippine Reclamation Authority, UEM-Mara Philippines Corporation (UMPC), and the Toll Regulatory Board, giving UMPC participation in the operations and maintenance of the expressway.<ref name="trb_cavitex" /> In December 2012, Metro Pacific Investments Corporation acquired Cavitex Holdings Inc. for P6.77 billion, and the company assumed management assistance on January 2, 2013.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Peña |first=Zinnia B. Dela |title=MPIC to invest P6.8 B in Cavitex Holdings |url=https://www.philstar.com/business/2012/12/28/890680/mpic-invest-p68-b-cavitex-holdings |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

==== Extensions and expansions ==== [[File:New Road Construction In Coastal Area of Parañaque City.JPG|thumb|Zapote Interchange under construction in 2010 as part of the R1 Expressway Extension project]] On February 7, 2004, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo led the groundbreaking rites for the extension called Segment 4.<ref>{{Cite news |date=February 7, 2004 |title=Pres. Gloria presides over Groundbreaking rites for Cavite Coastal Road Extension |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer |pages=B14}}</ref> In the following year, the construction of the expressway's {{convert|7|km|adj=on|sp=us}} extension from Bacoor to Kawit, Cavite, known as the R1 Expressway Extension, was started;<ref name="ppp">{{cite web|url=https://ppp.gov.ph/ppp_projects/manila-cavite-toll-expressway-cavitex/|title=Manila-Cavite Toll Expressway (including C5 South Link Expressway Project)|website=Public-Private Partnership Center|access-date=January 12, 2022}}</ref> it was inaugurated on April 27, 2011 by President Benigno Aquino III and formally opened to motorists on May 1.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Porcalla |first=Delon |title=P-Noy inaugurates 'Cavitex' |url=https://www.philstar.com/business/2011/04/28/679833/p-noy-inaugurates-cavitex |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref><ref name="pea" /> In 2015, the C-5 Road was extended south to connect to the northbound lanes of the expressway in Las Piñas.

On December 28, 2016, the access ramps connecting Coastal Road and NAIA Expressway opened to motorists from Cavite and Las Piñas for easier access to NAIA Terminals 1, 2, and 3 and vice versa.

The Pacific Avenue flyover, which was planned in 2016, started construction in 2017 and was expected to be completed by March 2018. However, due to difficulties in transporting equipment and the flyover's location between the northbound and southbound parts of the expressway, the completion date was moved to August 2018. The flyover eliminated the signalized intersection for vehicles bound for Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard via Pacific Avenue and improved traffic around it.

By June 2018, the expressway is being expanded with the construction of additional lanes on the NAIA–Zapote segment. On September 3, 2024, the Kabihasnan entry toll plaza in Parañaque was permanently closed.<ref name=kabihasnan />

==== Dispute over the expressway operations ==== In 2024, PEATC demanded the turnover of the operations and maintenance (O&M) of the expressway from the Cavitex Infrastructure Corporation, and the company belied the claims of the Metro Pacific Tollways Corporation (MPTC) in the mandamus case filed before the Court of Appeals (CA) for the return of the CAVITEX.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 20, 2024 |title=PEATC demands turnover of Cavitex: It's gov't property |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1223043 |access-date=June 18, 2024 |website=Philippine News Agency}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 30, 2024 |title=PEATC: No violation in filing of mandamus case on CAVITEX |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1223778 |access-date=June 18, 2024 |website=Philippine News Agency}}</ref> In May of that year, PEATC insisted on its right to control the management and collection of fees amid a row with another company that already reached the Court of Appeals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PEATC insists right to manage Cavitex |url=https://mb.com.ph/2024/5/6/peatc-insists-right-to-manage-cavitex |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Manila Bulletin |language=en}}</ref> CAVITEX Infrastructure Corp. has filed with PEATC over the alleged unauthorized filing of a petition seeking to remove CIC's right to manage and operate the expressway.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Marcelo |first=Elizabeth |title=Cavitex operator files raps vs OIC of PEATC |url=https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/05/10/2353986/cavitex-operator-files-raps-vs-oic-peatc |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

However, the government cannot seize control of operations and maintenance before the expiration of its concession period. The CIC said all the costs of the private concessionaire will have to be refunded if PEATC, a government-owned and controlled corporation, insists on taking over the CAVITEX operations.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Villamente |first=Chito Lozada, Jing |date=2024-05-13 |title='PEATC can't seize CAVITEX' |url=https://tribune.net.ph/2024/05/12/peatc-cant-seize-cavitex |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Daily Tribune |language=en}}</ref>

==Future== === CAVITEX–CALAX Link === The CAVITEX–CALAX Link Expressway (CCLink), or simply the CAVITEX–CALAX Link, is a {{convert|1.3|km|sp=us|adj=on}} elevated connector road in Kawit that will connect CAVITEX and the Cavite–Laguna Expressway (CALAX). It is expected to be completed in the second quarter of 2025.<ref name="kyao">{{cite news|url=https://mb.com.ph/2023/11/26/mpt-south-corp-allots-p11-9-b-to-complete-cavitex-calax-by-2024-2025|title=MPT-South Corp. allots P12 B to finish CAVITEX, CALAX|first=Khriscielle|last=Yao|date=November 26, 2024|accessdate=April 20, 2024|work=Manila Bulletin}}</ref>{{update inline|date=April 2026}} It will complete the E3 link gap by connecting the respective Kawit interchanges of both expressways via the Antero Soriano Highway right-of-way.<ref name=":3">{{cite AV media|url=https://www.facebook.com/cavitexpressway/videos/3732670547056636|title=Manila Cavite Toll Expressway Project (MCTEP)|publisher=CAVITEX|date=April 15, 2024|accessdate=April 20, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://calax.com.ph/toll-roads|title=Toll Roads|website=CALAX|accessdate=April 20, 2024}}</ref>

On June 21, 2024, President Bongbong Marcos and Manuel Pangilinan led the groundbreaking of the CAVITEX–CALAX Link.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cervantes |first1=Filane Mikee |title=PBBM: Cavitex links seen to ease traffic flow in Greater Manila |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1227376 |accessdate=June 21, 2024 |work=Philippine News Agency |date=June 21, 2024}}</ref>

=== NLEX Harbor Link connection === A proposal to connect the NLEX Harbor Link in Navotas with CAVITEX near Pacific Avenue was revealed by NLEX Corporation to connect NLEX to CAVITEX seamlessly. The expressway will be a six-lane elevated expressway (on most of the expressway above R-10 and R-1) built in phases. NLEX is currently proposing the first phase of this expressway, with a length of {{convert|5.1|km|sp=us}} from Navotas Interchange of NLEX Harbor Link on Navotas to Anda Circle in Manila, with the proposed budget between {{Philippine peso|15 billion}} and {{Philippine peso|16 billion}}.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.philstar.com/business/2020/08/17/2035749/proposed-harbor-link-extension-push-through|first=Richmond|last=Mercurio|title=Proposed Harbor Link extension to push through|date=August 17, 2020|work=The Philippine Star|access-date=March 23, 2021}}</ref> Also, this plan would have connected to CAVITEX in the future with a total length of 9.4 kilometers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NLEX-Cavitex Port Expressway Link |url=https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/dpwh/PPP/projs/nlex_cavitex}}</ref> However, the project was not realized when San Miguel Corporation proposed its expressway project, the Southern Access Link Expressway (SALEX), using the same alignment as NLEX Corporation and CIC's proposal. If plans are further realized, an interchange could be built in Navotas that can mark the junction between the said expressway, NLEX Harbor Link and a future expressway that connects to the New Manila International Airport

=== Segment 5 === Segment 5 of the expressway was proposed in the 1990s, and the extension would have been a {{convert|4|km|sp=us|adj=on}} extension from Kawit to the intersection of EPZA Diversion Road in Noveleta. However, the route was revised when the development of CALAX started in the 2010s.

In 2018, Metro Pacific Investments Corporation submitted a proposal to the Toll Regulatory Board to extend the expressway from Kawit to Noveleta, as well as an extension further west up to Tanza and north up to Cavite City. The {{convert|9.5|km|sp=us|adj=on}} extension is estimated to cost {{Philippine peso|22.5 billion}}.<ref name="philstar.com" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=April 12, 2018|title=Cavitex extension proposed|url=http://thestandard.com.ph/lgu/luzon/263023/cavitex-extension-proposed.html|access-date=July 19, 2018|website=Manila Standard}}</ref> A part of the R1 Expressway Extension project that includes the existing Segment 4 (Zapote–Kawit segment),<ref name="ppp" /> the project proposal also includes a spur road accommodating vehicles from the Cavite Export Processing Zone.<ref name="eia_seg5">{{cite web|date=October 2018|title=Manila-Cavite Toll Expressway Project (MCTEP) Segment 5|url=http://eia.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Project-Description-for-Scoping.pdf|website=Environmental Management Bureau}}</ref>

=== Sangley Point extension === A proposal to extend the expressway from Kawit to Sangley Point Airport in Cavite City was submitted to the Department of Public Works and Highways in 2017 by CAVITEx Holdings, Inc. The proposed project aims to construct a {{convert|4.63|km|mi|sp=us|adj=mid|-long}} viaduct.<ref>{{Cite web|date=August 6, 2017|title=MPIC proposes Cavitex-Sangley expressway|url=http://thestandard.com.ph/business/biz-plus/243779/mpic-proposes-cavitex-sangley-expressway.html|access-date=July 19, 2018|website=Manila Standard|archive-date=July 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719084205/http://thestandard.com.ph/business/biz-plus/243779/mpic-proposes-cavitex-sangley-expressway.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Its cost is yet to be determined as it awaits approval from the government.<ref name="sangley">{{Cite web|title=Cavitex-Sangley Extension {{!}} Department of Public Works and Highways|url=http://www.dpwh.gov.ph/dpwh/PPP/projs/Cavitex_Sangley|access-date=July 19, 2018|website=www.dpwh.gov.ph|language=en}}</ref> It is not to be confused with Segment 5.3, which will branch from Noveleta to Cavite City.<ref name="eia_seg5" />

==Toll== thumb|right|Parañaque Toll Plaza The expressway features a limited number of interchanges. The original south terminus in Bacoor has been converted into a full trumpet interchange. There are two toll barriers on the expressway: the original barrier in Parañaque and the extension barrier in Kawit. The expressway also features a one-way mini toll booth feeding into it from Quirino Avenue, Parañaque. Vehicles are charged a flat toll rate based on vehicle class.

The expressway employs a barrier toll system at entry points, with fixed toll rates. Toll collection points are the Parañaque and Kawit toll plazas, while the Kabihasnan toll plaza served as one until its permanent closure in 2024.<ref name=kabihasnan /> Exit points do not have toll collection. For vehicles using the CAVITEX–C-5 Link, tolls for the segments from Zapote eastwards are collected there instead of the Parañaque toll plaza.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://trb.gov.ph/index.php/toll-rates/cavitex-toll-rate|title= Manila-Cavite Toll Expressway (MCTE) [now CAVITEX]|accessdate=April 12, 2026|website=Toll Regulatory Board}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bluprint-onemega.com/c5-south-link-expressway-phase-1/|title=C5 Southlink Expressway Phase 1 aims March 19 completion|website=Bluprint|date=October 11, 2018|accessdate=April 19, 2024}}</ref> PEATC has also incorporated a near-field communication prepaid card it calls E-TAP. The expressway also now accepts an electronic toll collection (ETC) system called ''Easytrip RFID'', which currently manages ETC for the North Luzon Expressway, Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway, and Cavite–Laguna Expressway.<ref>{{cite web|title=Frequently Asked Question – Cavitex|url=http://www.easytrip.ph/faq2.html|access-date=December 27, 2016|website=Easytrip Services Corporation Philippines}}</ref> ETC collections are made on both dedicated and mixed lanes at the toll barriers.

Tolls are assessed in each direction at each barrier, based on class. Under the law, all toll rates include a 12% value-added tax.<ref name="toll">{{Cite news|date=October 27, 2025|title=CAVITEX to hike toll rates on Tuesday, Oct. 28|website=ABS-CBN News |url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/news/business/2025/10/27/cavitex-to-hike-toll-rates-on-tuesday-oct-28-1501 |access-date=April 14, 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" |- ! Class ! Parañaque (R-1 Expressway) ! Kawit (R-1 Expressway Extension) |- | 1 |{{Philippine peso|39.00|link=yes}} |{{Philippine peso|88.00}} |- | 2 |{{Philippine peso|78.00}} |{{Philippine peso|176.00}} |- | 3 |{{Philippine peso|117.00}} |{{Philippine peso|264.00}} |}

== Exits == {{PHLinttop|region_col=Region|exit|name|append=Exits are numbered by kilometer posts, with Rizal Park in Manila designated as kilometer zero.}} {{PHLint|exit|name |region=NCR |rspan=8 |hucicc=Parañaque |lspan=7 |km=8 |name=Tambo |road={{Jct|country=PHL|N|194|extra=airport|name1=NAIA Road|road|Seaside Drive|location1=Airport|location2=Manila|location3=Bay City}} |notes=Northern terminus; continues north as {{Jct|country=PHL|N|61|name1=Roxas Boulevard}}; future connection with Southern Access Link Expressway (SALEX) }} {{PHLint|exit|name |km=8.3 |type=incomplete |name= |road={{jct|country=PHL|E|6|name1=NAIAx|location1=Airport|extra=airport|location2=Skyway}} |notes=Northbound exit and southbound entrance }} {{PHLint|exit|name |km=8.45 |type=closed |place=Caltex service station (southbound only), demolished }} {{PHLint|exit|name |km=10 |name=Pacific Avenue |road={{jct|country=PHL|extra=bus}} Pacific Avenue – PITX, Macapagal Boulevard |type=incomplete |notes=Northbound exit and current southbound entry, Flyover half-T interchange; no right turns from southbound lane. Former traffic light intersection. }} {{PHLint|exit|name |km=13 |name=Kabihasnan |road= |type=closed |notes=Tolled northbound entrance (until 2025)<ref name=kabihasnan>{{cite news|url=https://mb.com.ph/2024/9/1/paranaque-lgu-announces-permanent-closure-of-cavitex-toll-plaza-in-kabihasnan|title=Parañaque LGU announces permanent closure of Cavitex toll plaza in Kabihasnan|first=Jean|last=Fernando|date=September 1, 2024|accessdate=September 8, 2024|work=Manila Bulletin}}</ref>{{Efn|This source initially announced its closure in September 2024, but its operations was extended until March 1, 2025, during the partial opening of CAVITEX–C-5 Link that features Parañaque (Sucat) on/off-ramp exit that leads to Ninoy Aquino Avenue. That exit would make the Kabihasnan entrance ramp virtually redundant.}} }} {{PHLint|exit|name|km=13 |type= |name=CAVITEX–C-5 Link |road={{jct|country=PHL|E|5|name1=CAVITEX–C-5 Link|location1=Taguig}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/dpwh/PPP/projs/c5south|title=C5 South Link Project|website=Department of Public Works and Highways|access-date=August 17, 2020}}</ref> |notes=Trumpet interchange<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mptc.com.ph/index.php/2019/04/20/c5-south-link-phase-1-to-open-in-2nd-quarter/|title=C5 South Link phase 1 to open in 2nd quarter|website=Metro Pacific Tollways Corporation|first=Denise A.|last=Valdez|date=March 28, 2019|access-date=August 17, 2020}}</ref> }} {{PHLint|exit|name |type=toll |km=13 |place=Parañaque toll plaza }} {{PHLint|exit|name |hucicc=Las Piñas |km=14 |type=incomplete |name= |road=C-5 Road Extension |notes=Northbound entrance only }} {{PHLint|exit|name |region=Calabarzon |rspan=10 |province=Cavite |pspan=10 |location=Bacoor |km=15 |name=Longos |road={{jct|country=PHL|N|62|N|411|name1=Aguinaldo Boulevard|name2=Alabang–Zapote Road|location1=Las Piñas|location2=Bacoor}}  |notes=Zapote Interchange. Trumpet interchange; former southern terminus (1998–2011) }} {{PHLint|exit|name |location=Kawit |provdab=Cavite |lspan=3 |km=23 |type=toll |place=Kawit toll plaza }} {{PHLint|exit|name |km=24 |type=incomplete |name=Marulas  |road={{jct|country=PHL|N|62|name1=Tirona Highway|location1=Cavite City|location2=Noveleta}} |notes=Southbound exit only }} {{PHLint|exit|name |km=24 |type=concur |name=Binakayan (Zeus)  |road={{jct|country=PHL|N|62|N|64|N|400-2|name1=Tirona Highway|name2=Antero Soriano Highway|name3=Covelandia Road|location1=Binakayan (Kawit)|location2=Tanza|location3=Ternate|location4=Maragondon|location5=Nasugbu}} |notes=Southern end of R-1 concurrency, current southern terminus; future link with Cavite–Laguna Expressway }} {{PHLint|exit|name |location=Noveleta |lspan=3 |type=unbuilt  |name= |road=Cavite City |notes=Segment 5.3; tolled }} {{PHLint|exit|name |name=Noveleta |type=unbuilt  |road={{jct|country=PHL|N|62|name1=Manila–Cavite Road}} |notes=End of Segment 5.1 and start of Segment 5.2 }} {{PHLint|exit|name |name= |type=unbuilt  |road=CEPZ Spur Road – CEPZ |notes= }} {{PHLint|exit|name |location=Rosario |provdab=Cavite |name=Rosario |type=unbuilt  |road=Rosario |notes=Various alignments under consideration }} {{PHLint|exit|name |location=Tanza |provdab=Cavite |lspan=2 |place=Tanza toll plaza |type=unbuilt  }} {{PHLint|exit|name |name=Tanza |type=unbuilt  |road={{jct|country=PHL|N|402|name1=Antero Soriano Highway}} |notes=Future southern terminus }} {{jctbtm|exit|name|keys=closed,toll,incomplete,unbuilt,concur|col=9}}

===CAVITEX–CALAX Connector=== {{PHLinttop|hatnote=no|noprov=yes|location=Kawit}} {{PHLint |km= |type=unbuilt |name=CAVITEX |road={{Jct|country=PHL|E|3|name1=Manila - Cavite Expressway}} |notes=Northern terminus; connection to main line CAVITEX }} {{PHLint |place=Kawit Toll Plaza |type=unbuilt }} {{PHLint |km= |type=unbuilt |name=CALAX |road={{jct|country=PHL|E|3|name1 = Cavite - Laguna Expressway}} |notes=Southern terminus, continues as CALAX at Kawit Interchange }} {{Jctbtm|keys=unbuilt|col=4}}

===Sangley Extension=== {{PHLinttop|noprov=yes|province=Cavite|exit|name|append=<ref name="sangley" />}} {{PHLint|exit|name |location=Kawit |type=unbuilt  |name=Kawit |road={{Jct|country=PHL|E|3|name1=CAVITEX}} |notes=Southern terminus; connection to the main line }} {{PHLint|exit|name |location=Cavite City |lspan=2 |type=unbuilt  |name=Cavite City |road=Cavite Navy Yard |notes= }} {{PHLint|exit|name |type=unbuilt  |name=Airport Junction |road={{jct|country=PHL|extra=airport}} Sangley Point Airport |notes=Northern terminus }} {{jctbtm|exit|name|keys=unbuilt|col=7}}

==Notes== {{notelist}}

==References== {{Reflist}}

== External links == {{commons}} * [http://cavitexpressway.com/ Cavite Expressway] * [https://peatc.gov.ph/ PEATC]

{{Philippine expressway network}} {{Road infrastructure in Manila}} {{Major roads in Cavite}} {{coord|14|28|10|N|120|57|27|E|type:landmark|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Manila-Cavite Expressway}} Category:Toll roads in the Philippines Category:Roads in Metro Manila Category:Roads in Cavite