Haminoeidae

{{Short description|Family of gastropods}} {{Automatic taxobox |taxon= Haminoeidae |image=Haminoea.png |image_caption=live ''Haminoea'' sp. |image2=Haminoea zelandiae (white bubble shell).JPG |image2_caption=A shell of ''Haminoea zelandiae'' |authority= Pilsbry, 1895<ref>Pilsbry H. A. (1895). ''Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species.'' Polyplacophora, (Chitons.) Acanthochitidae, Cryptoplacidae and appendix. Tectibranchiata. '''15''': [https://archive.org/stream/manualconch15tryorich#page/n355/mode/2up page 351].</ref> |synonyms_ref=<ref name="Malaquias 2010">Malaquias M. A. E. (2010). "Systematics, phylogeny, and natural history of ''Bullacta exarata'' (Philippi, 1849): an endemic cephalaspidean gastropod from the China Sea". ''Journal of Natural History'' '''44'''(33 & 34): 2015-2029. {{doi|10.1080/00222933.2010.487574}}.</ref><ref name="Malaquias 2009">Malaquias M. A. E., Dodds J. M., Bouchet P. & Reid D. G. (2009). "A molecular phylogeny of the Cephalaspidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Euthyneura): Architectibranchia redefined and Runcinacea reinstated". ''Zoologica Scripta'' '''38'''(1): 23-41. {{doi|10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00354.x}}.</ref> |synonyms= * Atydidae Thiele, 1925 (ranked as subfamily of Haminoeidae) * Atydinae Thiele, 1925· accepted, alternate representation * Bullactidae Thiele, 1926 * Hamineidae (Spelling variation) * Haminoeinae Pilsbry, 1895· accepted, alternate representation * Ophthalmidae Bergh, 1905 · unaccepted (unavailable name: not based on a genus) * Smaragdinellidae Thiele, 1925  |display_parents= 3 }}

'''Haminoeidae''', commonly known as the '''haminoeid bubble snail family''', is a taxonomic family of sea snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Haminoeoidea.

The name of this family has long been controversial, and used to be Atyidae or Atydidae. Another, but incorrect, spelling was Haminaeidae (See (ICZN) 2000. Opinion 1942).

A number of genera have been proposed for this family, but the species are hard to identify (or sometimes impossible to identify) by looking only at the external characteristics. Until the internal anatomy of 'wet' specimens has been fully described, the status of many of the genera listed here is uncertain.

==Distribution== These bubble snails occur in all warm or temperate seas.

==Habitat== These are sand dwellers or they live on muddy bottoms, in bays, estuaries, and close to the shore in tidepools.

==Description of the live animal== These are colorful snails, that can partially take the color of the sea floor.

Their large cephalic shield is rounded at the front, but deeply lobed behind. The mantle protrudes behind the shell. The shell is partially or completely enfolded by lateral parapodial (=fleshy winglike outgrowths) lobes.

==Shell description== Their shell varies in size according to the species, from 3 mm to 30 mm.

The shell is ovoid, thin and translucent. It may be smooth or have spiral grooves (striae). The umbilical apex is sunken or enclosed and no longer visible. Large body whorl with fine spiral striations. Smooth columella. The thin outer lip of the aperture extends beyond the apex of the shell and is thus longer than the body whorl. The aperture narrows posteriorly and is wider anteriorly. thumb

==Ecology== These snails are herbivorous. Their diet consists of various kinds of green algae. They can survive in brackish water.

They are hermaphrodites. Their eggs are deposited in round or oval jellylike strings, attached to eelgrass or sand.

''Atys naucum'' and ''Atys cylindricum'' are known to show biological fluorescence.

==Genera and species== Genera within the family Haminoeidae include: * ''Aliculastrum'' Pilsbry, 1896 * ''Atys'' Montfort, 1810 * ''Bakawan'' Oskars & Malaquias, 2019 * ''Bullacta'' Bergh, 1901 - with the only species: ''Bullacta exarata'' (Philippi, 1849)<ref name="Malaquias 2010"/> * ''Confettiella'' Oskars, 2024 * ''Cylichnatys'' Kuroda & Habe, 1952 * ''Diniatys'' Iredale, 1936 * ''Haloa'' Pilsbry, 1921 * ''Haminella'' Thiele, 1925 * ''Haminoea'' Turton & Kingston in Carrington, 1830 * ''Lamprohaminoea'' Habe, 1952 * ''Liloa'' Pilsbry, 1921 * ''Papawera'' Oskars & Malaquias, 2019 * ''Phanerophthalmus'' A. Adams, 1850 * ''Roxaniella'' Monterosato, 1884 * ''Sericohaminoea'' Habe, 1952: synonym of ''Haloa'' Pilsbry, 1921 * ''Smaragdinella'' A. Adams, 1848 * ''Vellicolla'' Oskars, Too, Rees, P. M. Mikkelsen, Willassen & Malaquias, 2019 * ''Weinkauffia'' Monterosato, 1884

;Genera brought into synonymy: * ''Alicula'' Ehrenberg, 1831: synonym of ''Aliculastrum'' Pilsbry, 1896 (invalid: junior homonym of ''Alicula'' Eichwald, 1830; ''Aliculastrum'' is a replacement name) * ''Atyscaphander'' Annandale, 1924: synonym of ''Bullacta'' Bergh, 1901 * ''Austrocylichna'' Burn, 1974: synonym of ''Roxaniella'' Monterosato, 1884 * ''Cryptophthalmus'' Ehrenberg, 1828: synonym of ''Phanerophthalmus'' A. Adams, 1850 (invalid: junior homonym of ''Cryptophthalmus'' Rafinesque, 1814 [Crustacea]; ''Lathophthalmus'' is a replacement name) * ''Dinia'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854: synonym of ''Diniatys'' Iredale, 1936 * ''Glauconella'' Gray, 1850: synonym of ''Smaragdinella'' A. Adams, 1848 * ''Haminaea'' Gray, 1847: synonym of ''Haminoea'' Turton & Kingston in Carrington, 1830 * ''Haminoeatys'' Is. Taki, 1951: synonym of ''Liloa'' Pilsbry, 1921 (unavailable name: nomen nudum) * ''Lathophthalmus'' Pruvot-Fol, 1932: synonym of ''Phanerophthalmus'' A. Adams, 1850 * ''Limulatys'' Iredale, 1936: synonym of ''Weinkauffia'' Weinkauff, 1873 * ''Linteria'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Smaragdinella'' A. Adams, 1848 * ''Micraenigma'' S. S. Berry, 1953: synonym of ''Diniatys'' Iredale, 1936 * ''Naucum'' Schumacher, 1817: synonym of ''Atys'' Montfort, 1810 (objective synonym) * ''Nipponatys'' Habe, 1952; synonym of ''Aliculastrum'' Pilsbry, 1896 * ''Parahaminoea'' Kuroda & Habe, 1952: synonym of ''Haloa'' Pilsbry, 1921 (unavailable name: no diagnosis) * ''Penthominea'' Iredale, 1929: synonym of ''Haloa'' Pilsbry, 1921 * ''Sao'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854: synonym of ''Pyrunculus'' Pilsbry, 1895 * ''Sinohaminea'' Tchang, 1933: synonym of ''Bullacta'' Bergh, 1901 * ''Tepidatys'' Iredale, 1936: synonym of ''Weinkauffia'' Weinkauff, 1873 * ''Sphaeratys'' F. Nordsieck, 1972: synonym of ''Oxygyrus'' Benson, 1835 * ''Vitreohaminoea'' T. Habe, 1952: synonym of ''Haloa'' Pilsbry, 1921 (junior subjective synonym) * ''Xanthonella'' Gray, 1850: synonym of ''Phanerophthalmus'' A. Adams, 1850

;Brought to another family: * ''Micratys'' Habe, 1952: belongs to the family [unassigned] Cephalaspidea * ''Mimatys'' Habe, 1952: belongs to the family Alacuppidae. * ''Mnestia'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854; belongs to the family Mnestiidae

*Genus ''Diniatys'' **''Diniatys dentifer'' A. Adams, 1850 - Distribution: Indo-Pacific, Length : 10 mm, Description : this herbivore is found on the bluegreen algae ''Lyngbya majuscula'', ''Schizothrix'' and ''Hormothamnion''. There is a pointed projection on the columella. The color varies between green and various shades of brown. The two black eyes are on the back of the cephalic shield. **''Diniatys monodonta'' A. Adams, 1850 ***Distribution: Japan *Genus ''Haloa'' **''Haloa binotata'' (H. A. Pilsbry, 1895) ***Distribution : Indo Pacific **''Haloa constricta'' A. Adams, 1850 ***Distribution : Japan **''Haloa crocata'' W. H. Pease, 1860 ***Distribution : Hawaii **''Haloa flavescens'' (A. Adams, 1850) ***Distribution : Indo Pacific **''Haloa fusca'' W. H. Pease, 1863 ***Distribution : Indo Pacific **''Haloa japonica'' H. A. Pilsbry, 1895 '''Japanese paper-bubble''' ***Distribution : Indo Pacific, Japan ***Length : 10 mm ***Description : species with beautiful colors : glassy white background with tiny white spots and dark patches with orange dots. **''Haloa kawamurai'' T. Habe, 1950 ***Distribution : Indo Pacific **''Haloa margaritoides'' T. Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971 ***Distribution : Japan ***Length : 7 mm ***Description : intertidal among seaweeds **''Haloa nigripunctata'' W. H. Pease, 1868 ***Distribution : Japan **''Haloa rotundata'' A. Adams, 1850 ***Distribution : Japan **''Haloa vitrea'' (A. Adams, 1850) ***Distribution : Japan **''Haloa yamaguchii'' T. Habe, 1952 ***Distribution : Indo Pacific *Genus ''Hamineobulla'' Habe, 1950 (''incertae sedis''; may be belong to the family Bullidae) **''Hamineobulla kawamurai'' Habe, 1950 ***Distribution : Okinawa ***Length : 6 mm ***Description : brown animal with short cephalic shield; on the shell there are a few transverse rows with brighter dots *Genus ''Liloa'' Pilsbry, 1921 Since most of these bubble snails were named on the basis of the shell alone, the occurrence of synonyms among the following species is quite possible. **''Liloa brevis'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) ***Distribution : Australia ***Description : elongate body; parapodial flaps cover only the front of the thin, fragile shell **''Liloa curta'' (A. Adams, 1850) ***Distribution : Western Pacific ***Description : elongate body; the color can vary from a few dark spots on a translucent body, to almost completely dark. **''Liloa incisula'' Yokoyama, 1928 ***Distribution : Japan **''Liloa laeta'' A. A. Gould, 1859 ***Distribution : Indo Pacific **''Liloa nipponensis'' Nomura & Hatai, 1940 ***Distribution : Japan **''Liloa porcellana'' A. A. Gould, 1859 ***Distribution : Japan **''Liloa tomaculum'' H. A. Pilsbry, 1951 ***Distribution : Hawaiian Islands **''Liloa translucens'' A. Adams, 1862 ***Distribution : Japan *Genus ''Limulatys'' Iredale, 1936 **''Limulatys constrictus'' T. Habe, 1952 ***Distribution : Indo Pacific ***Length : 16 mm **''Limulatys crassilabris'' (J. Thiele, 1925) ***Distribution : S.E. Asia, Thailand ***Length : 8 mm **''Limulatys fusiformis'' T. Habe, 1952 ***Distribution : Japan **''Limulatys muscarius'' A. A. Gould, 1859 ***Distribution : Indo Pacific, Philippines **''Limulatys okamotoi'' T. Habe, 1952 ***Distribution : Indo Pacific **''Limulatys ooformis'' T. Habe, 1964 '''Egg-shaped Bubble''' ***Distribution : Indo Pacific, Philippines, Thailand ***Length : 20 mm **''Limulatys okamotoi'' Habe, 1952 ***Distribution : Philippines ***Length : 9 mm **''Limulatys reliquus'' Iredale, 1936 ***Distribution : New Zealand **''Limulatys scobriculatus'' A. Adams, 1862 ***Distribution : Japan **''Limulatys tortuosus'' A. Adams, 1850 ***Distribution : Japan *Genus ''Micratys'' Habe, 1952 **''Micratys ovum'' T. Habe, 1952 ***Distribution : Japan, Philippines ***Length : 2 mm *Genus ''Mimatys'' Habe, 1952 **''Mimatys fukuokaensis'' T. Habe, 1952 ***Distribution : Japan, Philippines ***Length : 2.5 mm *Genus ''Nipponatys'' Kurida & Habe, 1952 **''Nipponatys amakusaensis'' T. Habe & Kikuchi, 1960 ***Distribution : Japan **''Nipponatys oshimai'' T. Habe & Kikuchi, 1960 **''Nipponatys volvulina'' A. Adams, 1862 ***Distribution : Japan *Genus ''Sericohaminoea'' Habe, 1952 *Genus ''Sphaeratys'' F. Nordsieck, 1972 (?) *Genus ''Ventomnestia'' **''Ventomnestia bizona'' (A. Adams, 1850) **''Ventomnestia colorata'' Iredale, 1936 **''Ventomnestia villica'' (Gould, 1859) (may be a synonym of ''Ventomnestia bizona'') ***Distribution : Guam ***Length : 5.5 mm ***Description : a bubble snail with a great variation in color, from white to brown, but always with a characteristic pattern; heavy shell; radula formula : 2.1.2; *Genus ''Weinkauffia'' A. Adams, 1858 **''Weinkauffia diaphana'' A. Aradas & Maggiore, 1839 ***Distribution : West Africa ***Description : has similar gizzard plates as Atys multistriatus **''Weinkauffia turgidula'' Forbes, 1844 ***Distribution : Adriatic Sea, Malta, Turkey ***Length : 5 mm ***Description : fossils of this species have been found in sediments of Pliocene age in Italy.

<gallery style="text-align:center;" mode="packed"> Image:Aliculastrum cylindricum Réunion.jpg|''Aliculastrum cylindricum'' Image:Atys semistriata.jpg |''Atys semistriata'' Image:Haloa japonica.jpg|''Haloa japonica'' Image:Haminoea exigua.jpg|''Haminoea exigua'' Image:Lamprohaminoea ovalis.jpg|''Lamprohaminoea ovalis'' Image:Haminoea maugeansis.jpg|''Papawera maugeansis'' Image:Phanerophthalmus smaragdinus (photo de nuit).jpg|''Phanerophthalmus smaragdinus'' Image:Smaragdinella calyculata.JPG|''Smaragdinella calyculata'' </gallery> <gallery style="text-align:center;" mode="packed"> Image:Aliculastrum cylindricum 01.jpg|''Aliculastrum cylindricum'' shell Image:Atys naucum 01.JPG|''Atys naucum'' Image:Diniatys dentifer 01.jpg|''Diniatys dentifer'' Image:Haminoea solitaria (YPM IZ 032635).jpeg|''Haminella solitaria'' Image:Haminoea hydatis cymoelia 01.jpg|''Haminoea hydatis'' Image:Haminoea zelandiae (white bubble shell).JPG|''Papawera zelandiae'' Image:Smaragdinella fragilis (MNHN-IM-2000-21482).jpeg|''Smaragdinella fragilis'' </gallery>

==References== {{Commons category|Haminoeidae}} {{Reflist}} * Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca''. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). {{ISBN|0-915826-22-4}}. XII, 195 pp

Category:Haminoeidae Category:Taxa named by Henry Augustus Pilsbry