{{Short description|Genus of fungi}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Bjerkandera adusta 3 - Lindsey.jpg | image_caption =''Bjerkandera adusta'' | taxon = Bjerkandera | authority = P.Karst. (1879) | type_species = ''Bjerkandera adusta'' | type_species_authority = (Willd.) P.Karst. (1879) | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = ''B. adusta''<br /> ''B. atroalba''<br /> ''B. centroamericana''<br /> ''B. ecuadorensis''<br /> ''B. fulgida''<br /> ''B. fumosa''<br /> ''B. mikrofumosa''<br /> ''B. minispora''<br /> ''B. resupinata''<br /> ''B. subsimulans''<br /> ''B. terebrans'' | synonyms_ref = | synonyms = *''Myriadoporus'' <small>Peck (1884)</small> }}

'''''Bjerkandera''''' is a genus of wood-rotting fungi in the family Phanerochaetaceae.

==Taxonomy== The genus was circumscribed by Finnish mycologist Petter Adolf Karsten in 1879. The type species, ''B.&nbsp;adusta'', was originally described as ''Boletus adustus'' by Carl Ludwig Willdenow in 1787.<ref name="Karsten 1879"/> The generic name honours Swedish naturalist Clas Bjerkander.<ref name="Zmitrovich 2016"/> Karsten included seven species in addition to the type: ''B.&nbsp;dichroa'', ''B.&nbsp;amorpha'', ''B.&nbsp;fumosa'', ''B.&nbsp;kymatodes'', ''B.&nbsp;diffusa'', and ''B.&nbsp;isabellina''.<ref name="Karsten 1879"/> Most of those species have been since moved to different genera or synonymized.

In a 1913 survey of polypore genera, Adeline Ames included ''B.&nbsp;adusta'', ''B.&nbsp;fumosa'', and ''B.&nbsp;puberula'';<ref name="Ames 1913"/> the latter fungus is now placed in ''Abortiporus''. Marinus Anton Donk included only ''B.&nbsp;adusta'' and ''B.&nbsp;fumosa'' in a 1974 publication.<ref name="Donk 1974"/> Some authors have suggested to merge these two species into other genera, such as ''Gloeoporus'', ''Tyromyces'', or ''Grifola''.<ref name="Zmitrovich 2016"/> Molecular phylogenetic analysis has demonstrated that the two traditional ''Bjerkandera'' fungi form a monophyletic group that is sister to the crust fungus ''Terana coerulea''.<ref name="Floudas 2015"/> The little-known Cuban species ''B.&nbsp;subsimulans'' and ''B.&nbsp;terebrans'', both originally described by Miles Berkeley and Moses Ashley Curtis, were transferred to ''Bjerkandera'' by William Alphonso Murrill in 1907,<ref name="Murrill 1907"/> and are accepted as valid species by Index Fungorum. ''Bjerkandera atroalba'' and ''B.&nbsp;centroamericana'' are two neotropical species that were transferred to ''Bjerkandera'', and described as new, respectively, in 2015.<ref name="Westphalen 2015"/> In 2021 four new species were added from South America and Asia.<ref name="Wang 2021"/>

==Description== thumb|left|''Bjerkandera fumosa'' The fruit bodies of ''Bjerkandera'' fungi have soft and pliable caps with an upper surface texture ranging from finely hairy to smooth. The pore surface on the undersurface of the cap ranges from grey to black or buff to greyish brown. The tubes are the same colour. A dark, denser zone is typically present between tubes and the context, which is usually white to buff.<ref name="Ryvarden 2014"/>

The hyphal system in ''Bjerkandera'' is monomitic, containing only generative hyphae. These hyphae have clamps, and are thin to thick-walled. Cystidia are absent from the hymenium. The spores of ''Bjerkandera'' are smooth with a short cylindrical shape, thin-walled, and do not react in Melzer's reagent.<ref name="Ryvarden 2014"/>

==Habitat and distribution== ''Bjerkandera'' fungi usually grow on hardwoods, and are rarely on conifers. They cause a white rot.<ref name="Ryvarden 2014"/>

==Species== {{As of|2023|August}}, Index Fungorum lists the following species in ''Bjerkandera'':

{| class="wikitable sortable" !Image !!Scientific name !! Taxon author !! Year |- |120px||''Bjerkandera adusta'' || (Willd.) P. Karst. || 1879 |- | ||''Bjerkandera albocinerea'' || Motato-Vásq., Robledo & Gugliotta || 2020 |- | ||''Bjerkandera atroalba'' || (Rick) Westph. & Tomšovský || 2015 |- | ||''Bjerkandera carnegieae'' || (D.V. Baxter) Robledo, Nakasone & B. Ortiz || 2021 |- | ||''Bjerkandera centroamericana'' || Kout, Westph. & Tomšovský || 2015 |- | ||''Bjerkandera ecuadorensis'' || Y.C. Dai, Chao G. Wang & Vlasák || 2021 |- | ||''Bjerkandera fulgida'' || Y.C. Dai & Chao G. Wang || 2021 |- |120px||''Bjerkandera fumosa'' || (Pers.) P. Karst. || 1879 |- | ||''Bjerkandera mikrofumosa'' || Ryvarden || 2016 |- | ||''Bjerkandera minispora'' || Y.C. Dai & Chao G. Wang || 2021 |- | ||''Bjerkandera resupinata'' || Y.C. Dai & Chao G. Wang || 2021 |- | ||''Bjerkandera subsimulans'' || Murrill || 1907 |- | ||''Bjerkandera terebrans'' || (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Murrill || 1907 |}

==References== {{Reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=

<ref name="Ames 1913">{{cite journal |author=Ames, Adeline |year=1913 |title=A consideration of structure in relation to genera of the Polyporaceae |journal=Annales Mycologici |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=211–253 |url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59685/0011/003/0211.htm}}</ref>

<ref name="Donk 1974">{{cite journal |author=Donk, M.A. |year=1974 |title=Check list of European polypores |journal=Verhandelingel Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen |volume=62 |pages=1–469}}</ref>

<ref name="Floudas 2015">{{cite journal |author1=Floudas, D. |author2=Hibbett, D.S. |year=2015 |title=Revisiting the taxonomy of ''Phanerochaete'' (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) using a four gene dataset and extensive ITS sampling |journal=Fungal Biology |volume=119 |issue=8 |pages=679–719 |doi=10.1016/j.funbio.2015.04.003 |pmid=26228559|bibcode=2015FunB..119..679F }}</ref>

<ref name="Karsten 1879">{{cite journal |author=Karsten, P.A. |year=1879 |title=Symbolae ad mycologiam Fennicam. VI |journal=Meddelanden Af Societas Pro Fauna et Flora Fennica |volume=5 |pages=15–46 |language=Latin |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3768949}}</ref>

<ref name="Murrill 1907">{{cite book |author=Murrill, W.A. |year=1907 |title=North American Flora |volume=9. Polyporaceae–Agaricaceae |location=New York |publisher=New York Botanical Garden |page=42 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/751731}}</ref>

<ref name="Ryvarden 2014">{{cite book |author1=Ryvarden, Leif |author2=Melo, Ireneia |title=Poroid Fungi of Europe |year=2014 |series=Synopsis Fungorum |volume=31 |publisher=Fungiflora |location=Oslo, Norway |isbn=978-82-90724-46-2 |page=113}}</ref>

<!-- <ref name="Ryvarden 2016">{{cite journal |author=Ryvarden, L. |year=2016 |title=Studies in Neotropical polypores. 43. Some new species from tropical America |journal=Synopsis Fungorum |volume=35 |pages=43–47}}</ref> -->

<ref name="Wang 2021">{{cite journal |author=Wang C-G |author2=Vlasák J |author3=Dai Y-C |title=Phylogeny and diversity of ''Bjerkandera'' (Polyporales, Basidiomycota), including four new species from South America and Asia. |journal=MycoKeys |year=2021 |issue=79 |pages=149–172 |doi=10.3897/mycokeys.79.63908 |pmid=33958953 |pmc=8093185 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Westphalen 2015">{{cite journal |author1=Westphalen, Mauro C. |author2=Tomšovský, Michael |author3=Kout, Jiří |author4=Gugliotta, Adriana M. |year=2015 |title=''Bjerkandera'' in the Neotropics: phylogenetic and morphological relations of ''Tyromyces atroalbus'' and description of a new species |journal=Mycological Progress |volume=14 |issue=11 |page=100 |doi=10.1007/s11557-015-1124-1 |bibcode=2015MycPr..14..100W |s2cid=14512267 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282858771}}</ref>

<ref name="Zmitrovich 2016">{{cite journal |author1=Zmitrovich, I.V. |author2=Bondartseva, M.A. |author3=Vasilyev, N.P. |title=The Meruliaceae of Russia. I. ''Bjerkandera'' |journal=Turczaninowia |volume=19 |issue=1 |year=2016 |pages=5–18 |url=http://media.wix.com/ugd/b65817_16af66e030144f2aad0fdeac462881f6.pdf |doi=10.14258/turczaninowia.19.1.1|doi-access=free |bibcode=2016Turcz..19a...5Z }}</ref>

}}

{{Commons}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q2265553}}

Category:Taxa described in 1879 Category:Phanerochaetaceae Category:Polyporales genera Category:Taxa named by Petter Adolf Karsten