{{Short description|Turkish academic and psychiatrist (1926–1997)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}} {{Infobox medical person | name = | image = | caption = | birth_date = 1926 | birth_place = Gönen, Ottoman Empire | death_date = {{death date and age|2 July 1997|1926|df=yes}} | death_place = Istanbul, Turkey | burial_place = Zincirlikuyu Cemetery, Istanbul | profession = Physician | specialism = Psychiatry | research_field = | known_for = | years_active = 1950s–1990s | education = Istanbul University | work_institutions = Istanbul University | awards = Member of the New York Academy of Sciences | spouse = Reyhan Songar | children = 1 | relations = | website = https://ayhansongar.org/ }} '''Ayhan Songar''' (1926–1997) was a Turkish academic and psychiatrist. He is also known for his activities in sufism, music, cybernetics and photography. He was part of the conservative think thank Intellectuals' Hearth (IH) and headed the Green Crescent.
==Early life and education== He was born in Gönen, Balıkesir, in 1926.<ref name=somun/> His father was colonel Nazmi who participated in the Turkish War of Independence, and his mother, Fevziye Peyman Hanım, was a niece of Rahime Perestu Sultan who was the spouse of the Ottoman Sultan Abdulmejid I.<ref name=fikri/>
Songar graduated from the Faculty of Medicine at Istanbul University in 1950 and completed his training in psychiatry in 1953.<ref name=ergo23>{{cite journal|author=Şahap Erkoç|author2=Tarık Tuna Gözütok|title=Twelve Psychiatrists who shaped Turkish Psychiatry in the Republic’s first century|journal=Turkish Journal of Psychiatry|year=2023|pmid=38173330|pmc=10786358|doi=10.5080/u27447|pages=296–297}}</ref> One of his lecturers was Mazhar Osman.<ref name=somun>{{cite magazine|author=Mehmet Nuri Yardım|title=Büyük Hekim ve Sanatkâr Ayhan Songar |url=https://www.somuncubaba.net/makale/buyuk-hekim-ve-sanatkar-ayhan-songar|access-date=19 April 2024|issue=255|magazine=Somuncu Baba}}</ref><ref name=ksoy>{{cite journal|author=Kutluğhan Soyubol|title=In Search of Perfection: Neo-spiritualism, Islamic Mysticism, and Secularism in Turkey|journal=Modern Intellectual History|volume=18|issue=1|year=2021|doi=10.1017/S1479244319000246|pages=80,84}}</ref>
==Career and activities== Following his graduation Songar joined his alma mater as a research assistant. He was promoted to associate professor in 1956 and became a full professor in 1962.<ref name=ergo23/> He founded the Department of Psychiatry of the Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine at Istanbul University. He headed the department for thirty four years.<ref name=usk>{{cite web|title=Ayhan Songar 1926-1997|url=https://uskudar.edu.tr/tr/bilim-insani/ayhan-songar|publisher=Üsküdar University|access-date=19 April 2024|language=tr|archive-date=20 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320163300/https://uskudar.edu.tr/tr/bilim-insani/ayhan-songar|url-status=live}}</ref> He employed Turkish classical music to cure his patients and founded a music therapy unit in the clinic at the university.<ref name=ergo23/> He taught psychiatry, parapsychology, cybernetics and biophysics in the Faculty of Medicine.<ref name=ergo23/><ref name=ksoy/>
Songar became a member of the conservative think thank called Thinkers Club ({{langx|tr|Aydınlar Kulübü}}) in 1962 which was the precursor of the IH.<ref name=yilat>{{cite book|author=Yıldız Atasoy|title=Islam’s Marriage with Neoliberalism State Transformation in Turkey|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2009|url=https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230246669|location=London|isbn=978-0-230-24666-9|doi=10.1057/9780230246669|pages=94–95}}</ref> He was among the founders of the IH and served as its acting president between 24 December 1982 and 4 April 1984.<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526090006/https://aydinlarocagi.org/genel-baskanlar/|archive-date=26 May 2022|language=tr|title=Genel Başkanlar|url=https://aydinlarocagi.org/genel-baskanlar/|publisher=Aydınlar Ocağı}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author1=Ali Çağlar|language=tr|year=2017|author2=Mustafa Uluçakar|title=Günümüz Türkçülüğünün İslamla İmtihanı: Türk-İslam Sentezi ve Aydınlar Ocağı|issue=26|pages=119–134|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/turkiyat/issue/30359/488164|journal=Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları|archive-date=17 April 2024|access-date=19 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417202742/https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/turkiyat/issue/30359/488164|url-status=live}}</ref> He was also a member of the Association for the Expansion of Knowledge ({{langx|tr|Ilim Yayma Cemiyeti}}) which publicized the Turkish–Islamic synthesis developed by the IH.<ref name=yilat/>
Songar was the head of the Observation Specialization Department at the Forensic Medicine Institute and was also a member of the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation{{'}}s board of directors.<ref name=ergo23/> As of 1988 he was the president of the Turkish Psychological Association.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Directory of IUPsyS Member Societies|journal=International Journal of Psychology|volume=23|issue=1-6| year=1988|doi=10.1080/00207598808247762|page=241}}</ref>
Songar was involved in the establishment of the Turkish Literature Foundation.<ref name=somun/> He served as the president of the Green Crescent.<ref name=usk/>
Songar published a weekly column in the daily newspaper ''Tercüman'' from 1986 and then contributed to the ''Türkiye'' newspaper where he first wrote weekly from 1989 and daily from 1991 to 1997.<ref name=fikri/> He was also among the contributors of the ''Hareket'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://katalog.idp.org.tr/dergiler/73/hareket|publisher=İslamcı Dergi Projesi|title=Hareket|access-date=2 May 2024|archive-date=2 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502164156/https://katalog.idp.org.tr/dergiler/73/hareket|url-status=live}}</ref> He played the oud and oboe, and wrote lyrics.<ref name=fikri/> He was author of many books which are about diverse topics such as cybernetics, energy and life.<ref name=fikri/>
===Views=== Songar was a follower of the neo-spiritualism and was influenced from the views of Bedri Ruhselman, founder of the movement in Turkey.<ref name=ksoy/> Songar argued that cybernetics was consistent with the Islamic worldview and that it could employed to reduce the radicalism in Turkish society.<ref name=joa21/> For him cybernetic psychiatry was one of the ways to reveal criminal intent among individuals and to eliminate the motivations of political violence,<ref name=joa21/> as he claimed that political violence was a psychiatric issue.<ref name=joa21/>
==Personal life and death== Songar's wife, Reyhan Songar, was also a physician.<ref name=yeni/> They had a daughter.<ref name=fikri>{{cite web|author=Sefa Saygılı |title=Gonul insanı Prof. Dr. Ayhan Songar için|url=https://www.fikriyat.com/yazarlar/sefa-saygili/2018/02/17/gonul-insani-prof-dr-ayhan-songar-icin|website=Fikriyat|access-date=19 April 2024|language=tr|date=17 February 2018}}</ref>
Songar was diagnosed with prostate cancer in early 1997.<ref name=yeni/> One of his visitors on his deathbed was Recep Tayyip Erdoğan who was serving as the mayor of Istanbul.<ref name=joa21>{{cite journal|author=Joakim Parslow|title=The Mechanical Atatürk: Cybernetics and State Violence in the Second Turkish Republic|journal=International Journal of Middle East Studies|volume=53 |issue=4|year=2021|doi=10.1017/S0020743821001033|pages=586–587|hdl=10852/90346|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Songar died of this illness in Istanbul on 2 July 1997.<ref name=yeni>{{cite news|title=Ayhan Songar kimdir?|newspaper=Yeni Akit|url=https://www.yeniakit.com.tr/biyografi/ayhan-songar|access-date=19 April 2024|language=tr|archive-date=19 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419172711/https://www.yeniakit.com.tr/biyografi/ayhan-songar|url-status=live}}</ref> He was buried in the Zincirlikuyu Cemetery next day.<ref name=somun/>
===Awards and honors=== Songar was awarded by the National Culture Foundation in 1979 and in 1981. He was made a member of the New York Academy of Sciences in 1992.<ref name=fikri/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== *{{Official website|https://ayhansongar.org/}}
{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Songar, Ayhan}} Category:20th-century Turkish male writers Category:20th-century Turkish medical doctors Category:20th-century Turkish journalists Category:1926 births Category:1997 deaths Category:Academic staff of Istanbul University Category:Burials at Zincirlikuyu Cemetery Category:Deaths from prostate cancer in Turkey Category:Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine alumni Category:People from Gönen Category:Turkish medical researchers Category:Turkish male non-fiction writers Category:Turkish psychiatrists Category:Turkish Sufis Category:Turkish academic administrators Category:Turkish Radio and Television Corporation people Category:Turkish columnists