Anti-Germans (political current)

{{Short description|Theoretical and political trend in the left and liberals mainly in Germany and Austria}} {{Distinguish|Anti-German sentiment}} [[Image:Anti-German communist protesters in Frankfurt in 2006.jpg|thumb|Anti-German communist protesters in Frankfurt in 2006. The banner reads "Down with Germany/Solidarity with Israel/For Communism!".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://de.indymedia.org/2006/06/150265.shtml |title=Antifaschistische Demo in Frankfurt |publisher=de.indymedia.org |first=Irmel |last=Hirsch |access-date=20 February 2013 |date=17 June 2006 |language= de}}</ref>]] {{Socialism in Germany}} "'''Anti-German'''" ({{langx|de|Antideutsch}}; also '''Antideutsch'''('''e''') '''movement''') is a collective term applied to a variety of theoretical and political tendencies within the left mainly in Germany and Austria. The anti-Germans form one of the main camps within the broader Antifa movement, alongside the anti-Zionist anti-imperialists, after the two currents split between the 1990s and the early 2000s as a result of their diverging views on Israel.<ref name="Peters">{{cite book |last1=Peters |first1=Tim|year= 2007 |title=Der Antifaschismus der PDS aus antiextremistischer Sicht |trans-title=The antifascism of the PDS from an anti-extremist perspective |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YLRrg_SjPyIC|publisher= Springer |pages=33–37, 152, 186 |isbn= 9783531901268 }}</ref> The anti-Germans are a fringe movement within the German left: in 2006 ''Deutsche Welle'' estimated the number of anti-Germans to be between 500 and 3,000.<ref name="dw">{{cite web|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,2145701,00.html |title=Strange Bedfellows: Radical Leftists for Bush|work=DW|date=25 August 2006 |publisher=Dw-world.de |access-date=20 March 2013}}</ref> The basic standpoint of the anti-Germans includes opposition to German nationalism, a critique of mainstream left anti-capitalist views, which are thought to be simplistic and structurally antisemitic,<ref name="kein">{{cite web|title=Verfassungsschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen: 'Die Antideutschen – kein vorübergehendes Phänomen' |url=https://www.ostdeutsches-forum.net/antifa/PDF/Antideutsche-VS-NRW.pdf|access-date=19 January 2024 |language=de }}</ref> and a critique of antisemitism, which is considered to be deeply rooted in German cultural history. As a result of this analysis of antisemitism, support for Israel and opposition to anti-Zionism is a primary unifying factor of the anti-German movement.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bunkermag.org/a-defense-why-we-are-pro-israel/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170512134129/http://bunkermag.org/a-defense-why-we-are-pro-israel/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2017-05-12|title=A Defense: Why we (the anti-Germans) are pro-Israel}}</ref> The critical theory of Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer is often cited by anti-German theorists.<ref name="kein"/>{{rp|2}}

== Emergence == The rapid collapse of the German Democratic Republic and the looming reunification of Germany triggered a major crisis within the German Left. The anti-German tendency first developed in a discussion group known as the ''Radical Left'', which consisted of elements of the German Green Party, Trotskyists, members of the Communist League (''Kommunistischer Bund''), the journal ''konkret'', and members of Autonome, Libertarian and Anarchist groups, who rejected plans by other segments of Leftist political organisations to join a governing coalition.<ref name="Moghadam">{{cite journal |last1=Moghadam |first1=A. |last2=Wyss |first2=M. |date=Aug 2018 |title=Of Anti-Zionists and Antideutsche: The Post-War German Left and Its Relationship with Israel |journal=Democracy and Security |volume=15 |pages=49–74 |doi=10.1080/17419166.2018.1493991 |s2cid=149872477 }}</ref> This circle adopted a position developed by the Kommunistischer Bund, a decidedly pessimistic analysis with regard to the potential for revolutionary change in Germany. Known as the "fascization" analysis, this theory held that due to the particularity of German history and development, the endemic crisis of capitalism would lead to a move towards the far right and to a new Fascism.<ref name="Hagen">{{cite web|last=Hagen |first=Patrick |url=http://www.politik.uni-koeln.de/jaeger/downloads/hagen.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050228221317/http://www.politik.uni-koeln.de/jaeger/downloads/hagen.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 February 2005 |title=Die Antideutschen und die Debatte der Linken über Israel |language=de |access-date=21 February 2007 }}</ref>{{rp|11}}

During an internal debate, representatives of the majority tendency said that the minority current, due to its bleak analysis and unwavering pessimism, might as well just emigrate to the Bahamas.<ref name="haaretzanti" /> The minority tendency, in an ironic gesture, thus named their discussion organ ''Bahamas''.<ref name="haaretzanti" /> In 2007 ''Haaretz'' described ''Bahamas'' as "the leading publication of the hardcore pro-Israel, anti-German communist movement."<ref name="haaretzanti" /> The phrase ''Nie wieder Deutschland'' ("Germany, Never Again"), which became a central anti-German slogan, originated in demonstrations against reunification,<ref name="dw" /><ref name="haaretzanti">{{cite web |last=Weinthal |first=Benjamin |date=3 August 2007 |title=Letter from Berlin: The anti-anti-Zionists |url=https://www.haaretz.com/life/books/letter-from-berlin-the-anti-anti-zionists-1.5492157 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217133028/https://www.haaretz.com/life/books/letter-from-berlin-the-anti-anti-zionists-1.5492157 |archive-date=17 December 2021 |access-date=19 May 2022 |website=Haaretz}}</ref><ref name="cc">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafecritique.priv.at/interviewIN.html |title=Communism, anti-German criticism and Israel |publisher=Café critique |access-date=20 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="harding">{{cite web| url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/aug/28/germany.lukeharding | work=The Guardian | location=London | title=Meet the Anti-Germans | first=Luke | last=Harding | date=27 August 2006 | access-date=25 April 2010}}</ref> the largest of which attracted a crowd of approximately 10,000 people.<ref name="Hagen"/> This early alliance dissipated shortly after the process of reunification was complete.<ref name="Moghadam"/>

The emergence of the Anti-German current was also shaped by older disputes within the West German radical left about anti-Zionism, antisemitism and the legacy of National Socialism. Andreas Musolff has argued that West German left-wing terrorism was closely connected to unresolved conflicts over the Nazi past: militant groups described themselves as anti-fascist while, in some cases, adopting ideological elements that critics identified as antisemitic.<ref name="Musolff2011">{{cite journal |last=Musolff |first=Andreas |title=Hitler's Children Revisited: West German Terrorism and the Problem of Coming to Terms With the Nazi Past |journal=Terrorism and Political Violence |volume=23 |issue=1 |year=2011 |pages=60–71 |doi=10.1080/09546553.2010.505457}}</ref> The 1976 Entebbe hijacking, carried out by members of the Palestinian Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – External Operations and the West German Revolutionary Cells, became an important reference point in later debates because the hijackers separated Israeli and Jewish hostages from other passengers.<ref name="Herf2016">{{cite book |last=Herf |first=Jeffrey |title=Undeclared Wars with Israel: East Germany and the West German Far Left, 1967–1989 |chapter=The Entebbe Hijacking and the West German “Revolutionary Cells” |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2016 |pages=317–341 |doi=10.1017/CBO9781316105900.011}}</ref> These debates contributed to a later reassessment of anti-imperialist and anti-Zionist traditions within parts of the German left.<ref name="Fischer2024">{{cite journal |last=Fischer |first=Leandros |title='For Israel and Communism'? Making Sense of Germany's Antideutsche |journal=Historical Materialism |year=2024 |doi=10.1163/1569206X-bja10047}}</ref>

== Development in the 1990s == [[File:Nie-wieder-Deutschland.png|thumb|Never again Germany graffiti in Vienna, 2009]]

The notion of a revival of German nationalism and racism as a result of the reunification seemed to confirm itself over the course of the 1990s, as shown by such events as the Rostock-Lichtenhagen riots and a murderous attack on a Turkish family in the West German town of Solingen.<ref>{{cite web|first=Zuletzt |last=Aktualisiert|url=http://www.rp-online.de/panorama/deutschland/Alle-vier-Taeter-heute-wieder-auf-freiem-Fuss_aid_571898.html |language=de |title=15th anniversary of the arson attack in Solingen: All four perpetrators again today on the loose |publisher=RP Online |date=26 May 2008 |access-date=18 November 2010}}</ref> This wave of anti-immigrant violence led to tightening of Germany's hitherto liberal asylum laws.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}}

As a result of these conflicts, through the 1990s, small groups and circles associated with anti-German ideas began to emerge throughout Germany, refining their ideological positions by dissenting from prevailing opinions within the German Left. These positions became particularly prominent within "Anti-fascist" groups.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} The Gulf War in 1990 consolidated the Anti-German position around a new issue, specifically criticism of the broader Left's failure to side with Israel against rocket attacks launched into civilian areas by the regime of Saddam Hussein.<ref name="Moghadam"/> Left-wing writers such as Eike Geisel and {{ill|Wolfgang Pohrt|de}} criticised the German peace movement for failing to appreciate the threat posed by Ba'athism to left-wing movements through the Middle East, in particular around the Iraqi regime's use of poison gas.<ref name="Moghadam"/>

Another reference point in the 1990s debates was the Revolutionary Cells' 1991 statement on the death of former member Gerd Albartus. Albartus had been killed in 1987 by a Palestinian group with which he had been associated. The statement, later reprinted in the RZ collection ''Früchte des Zorns'', is described in secondary literature as a turning point in the history of the group because it publicly confronted the RZ's own antisemitism in relation to the Entebbe hijacking.<ref name="Schroem2002">{{cite book |last=Schröm |first=Oliver |title=Im Schatten des Schakals: Carlos und die Wegbereiter des internationalen Terrorismus |publisher=Ch. Links |location=Berlin |year=2002 |pages=278–279 |isbn=9783861532453}}</ref><ref name="Woerle2008">{{cite book |last=Wörle |first=Johannes |editor-last=Straßner |editor-first=Alexander |title=Sozialrevolutionärer Terrorismus: Theorie, Ideologie, Fallbeispiele, Zukunftsszenarien |chapter=Erdung durch Netzwerkstruktur. Revolutionäre Zellen in Deutschland |publisher=VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften |location=Wiesbaden |year=2008 |page=269}}</ref> The text became part of a wider left-wing discussion about whether anti-Zionist and anti-imperialist politics had reproduced antisemitic patterns, especially by viewing Israel solely as an outpost of Western imperialism rather than also as a refuge for Jews after the Holocaust.<ref name="Fischer2024" /> Raphael Schlembach argues that Anti-German thought drew on critiques of German anti-imperialist and armed-struggle groups, while becoming a more coherent political tendency only in the context of reunification, xenophobic violence and renewed debates about antisemitism in the 1990s.<ref name="Schlembach2010">{{cite journal |last=Schlembach |first=Raphael |title=Towards a Critique of Anti-German 'Communism' |journal=Interface: A Journal for and about Social Movements |volume=2 |issue=2 |year=2010 |pages=199–219 |url=https://www.interfacejournal.net/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/Interface-2-2-pp.199-219-Schlembach.pdf}}</ref>

The outbreak of the Second Intifada provided another focal point for the emerging Anti-German movement. According to Assaf Moghadam, the Anti-German movement's unconditional support for Israel, in contrast to the position of most left-wing organizations, was further intensified by the September 11 attacks on America, with anti-Germans strongly criticising other leftist positions that claimed that Al-Qaeda's assault on the United States was motivated by anti-imperialist or anti-capitalist resistance against American hegemony,<ref name="Moghadam"/> instead claiming that Al-Qaeda and their attacks represented what Patrick Hagen characterised as a modern form of fascism that needed to be stringently opposed.<ref name="Hagen"/> Osama bin Laden, al Qaeda's leader, had written in the preceding years about various grievences against the United States and their allies, including Western military presence in Saudi Arabia (his home country and the location of Mecca and Medina) and mass killings of Muslims in numerous other countries.<ref>{{cite web | title = Bin Laden's Fatwa | url = http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/military-july-dec96-fatwa_1996/ | website = PBS NewsHour | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140419014901/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/military-july-dec96-fatwa_1996/ | archive-date = 2014-04-19 | date = 23 August 1996 | quote = Islam had suffered from aggression, iniquity and injustice imposed on them by the Zionist-Crusaders alliance and their collaborators; to the extent that the Muslims blood became the cheapest and their wealth as loot in the hands of the enemies. Their blood was spilled in Palestine and Iraq. The horrifying pictures of the massacre of Qana, in Lebanon are still fresh in our memory. Massacres in Tajakestan, Burma, Kashmere, Assam, Philippine, Fatani, Ogadin, Somalia, Erithria, Chechnia, and in Bosnia-Herzegovina took place, massacres that send shivers in the body and shake the conscience. }}</ref>

In 1995, the fiftieth anniversary of the bombing of Dresden, anti-Germans praised the bombing on the grounds that so many of the city's civilians had supported Nazism.<ref name="dw" /> Kyle James points to this as an example of a shift towards support for the United States that became more pronounced after 9/11.<ref name="dw" /> Similar demonstrations are annually held, the slogans "Bomber Harris, do it again!" and "Deutsche Täter sind keine Opfer!" ("German perpetrators are no victims!") have become common.<ref name="kein"/>

The reasons the German government gave to legitimize the war – from an anti-German perspective – marked a turning point in the discourse of governmental history-policy.<ref name="marxistisch.de">{{cite web |url=http://www.marxistisch.de/shukow/shukov.pdf |title=Aufarbeitungsweltmeister |language=de |access-date=18 November 2010 |archive-date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402191550/http://www.marxistisch.de/shukow/shukov.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The war was not justified "despite but because of Auschwitz". This judgment is often combined with the analysis of the genesis of a new national self as the "Aufarbeitungsweltmeister"<ref name="marxistisch.de"/> or "Weltmeister der Vergangenheitsbewältigung" (world champion in dealing with and mastering one's own past evil deeds).

Later anti-German focal points included the [http://at.stopthebomb.net/en/home.html Stop The Bomb Coalition], active in both Germany and Austria, to maintain sanctions against Iranian attempts to obtain nuclear weapons.

The anti-Germans (and the Deutsch-Israelische Gesellschaft) have produced many of the anti-antisemitism commissioners hired by German institutions after the 2015 European migrant crisis.<ref name="Kuras">{{cite news |last1=Kuras |first1=Peter |title=The Strange Logic of Germany's Antisemitism Bureaucrats |url=https://jewishcurrents.org/the-strange-logic-of-germanys-antisemitism-bureaucrats |access-date=13 August 2024 |work=Jewish Currents |date=July 18, 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

==Positions and self-understanding== The anti-German current is a heterogeneous political tendency within the German radical left. It emerged most visibly around opposition to German reunification in 1989–1990 and was further shaped by debates within the left during the 1991 Gulf War, especially over Iraqi missile attacks on Israel and the German peace movement's response to them.<ref name="Schlembach2010" /><ref name="Erlanger2009">{{cite journal |last=Erlanger |first=Simon |title='The Anti-Germans' – The Pro-Israel German Left |journal=Jewish Political Studies Review |volume=21 |issue=1–2 |year=2009 |pages=95–106 |url=https://jcpa.org/article/the-anti-germans-the-pro-israel-german-left/}}</ref><ref name="VanHuellen2015">{{cite web |last=van Hüllen |first=Rudolf |title='Antiimperialistische' und 'antideutsche' Strömungen im deutschen Linksextremismus |website=Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung |date=5 January 2015 |url=https://www.bpb.de/themen/linksextremismus/dossier-linksextremismus/33626/antiimperialistische-und-antideutsche-stroemungen-im-deutschen-linksextremismus/ |language=de}}</ref> Its central themes include opposition to German nationalism, criticism of antisemitism and anti-Zionism within the left, and solidarity with Israel, which adherents commonly understand as a necessary refuge for Jewish life after the Holocaust.<ref name="Erlanger2009" /><ref name="VanHuellen2015" />

Anti-German writers and groups have often presented themselves as continuing a leftist and anti-fascist tradition while criticizing what they regard as the failure of classical left and anti-imperialist movements to confront antisemitism adequately.<ref name="Schlembach2010" /><ref name="Ullrich2005">{{cite web |last=Ullrich |first=Peter |title=Gerhard Hanloser (Hrsg.): 'Sie warn die Antideutschesten der deutschen Linken.' |website=Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung |date=1 September 2021 |orig-date=2005 |url=https://www.rosalux.de/news/id/44897/gerhard-hanloser-hrsg-sie-warn-die-antideutschesten-der-deutschen-linken-muenster-2004 |language=de}}</ref> In particular, they have criticized parts of the radical left for supporting or excusing authoritarian or reactionary regimes and movements under the banner of anti-imperialism, and for adopting forms of anti-Zionism that Anti-German authors interpret as structurally antisemitic.<ref name="Schlembach2010" /><ref name="VanHuellen2015" />

Typical features associated with Anti-German critique include: * solidarity with Israel and defense of its existence as a Jewish state;<ref name="Erlanger2009" /><ref name="VanHuellen2015" /> * criticism of antisemitism within leftist, anti-imperialist, and Islamist discourses;<ref name="Schlembach2010" /><ref name="VanHuellen2015" /> * rejection of German patriotism and national identity, especially in the context of post-reunification nationalism;<ref name="Erlanger2009" /><ref name="VanHuellen2015" /> * opposition to anti-American rhetoric, which Anti-German authors often interpret as connected to anti-Zionism or coded antisemitism;<ref name="Erlanger2009" /><ref name="Schlembach2010" /> * suspicion toward forms of anti-capitalism that personalize capitalism or invoke antisemitic tropes concerning finance, abstraction, or "rootless" capital.<ref name="Schlembach2010" />

The Anti-German milieu has generally been characterized less by formal political organizations than by publications, magazines, journals, and essayistic interventions. Important or frequently discussed publications have included ''Bahamas'', ''Konkret'', ''Jungle World'', ''Phase 2'', and the now-defunct ''17 Grad''.<ref name="Schlembach2010" /><ref name="Erlanger2009" /> Its discourse is strongly theory-driven, drawing on Marx, Critical Theory and the Frankfurt School, especially Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer, while also being marked by polemical and essayistic styles of intervention.<ref name="Schlembach2010" /><ref name="Erlanger2009" />

==Criticisms== Zionist leftists that are linked to the Antideutsche movement in Germany and Austria have been accused of targeting left-wing German Jews and Austrian Jews.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2024-03-24|title=The Cost of Germany's Guilt Politics|url=https://jacobin.com/2024/03/germany-antisemitism-afd-palestine-zionism|website=jacobin.com|quote=The anti-Deutsche basically have taken over the field in many universities. And Jews are treated as if they don’t really understand the threat posed by left-wing antisemitism, which is one of the things that the anti-Deutsche are obsessed with. It’s always through the lens of critiquing the Left from a left position, but in fact it no longer has any elements of any kind of left-wing movement.|author=Daniel Denvir with Emily Dische-Becker}}</ref>

According to ''Haaretz'' writer Ofri Ilany, "Incensed Germans, some of them descendants of Nazis, don't hesitate to attack Jewish and Israeli left-wingers" and "besmirch Jews" and violate their freedom of expression "under the banner of the struggle against anti-Semitism."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/world-news/2020-01-23/ty-article/.premium/germanys-pro-israel-left-has-a-new-target-in-the-crosshairs-jews/0000017f-e0d1-df7c-a5ff-e2fb8e8d0000 |title=Germany's pro-Israel Left Has a New Target in the Crosshairs: Jews |newspaper=Haaretz |publisher=Ha'aretz |accessdate=2022-09-12}}</ref> Left-wing Austrian-Jewish activist Isabel Frey said that "Jews are fetishized in this pseudo-tolerant way and assumed to have unified interests" by the political mainstream in Austria and Germany. According to Frey, "Jewish leftists are being accused of antisemitism by non-Jewish leftists. To me, these accusations are a way of denigrating our Jewish identities, of saying that we’re the “wrong kind” of Jew. I keep asking myself, are these accusations themselves a kind of antisemitism?"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jewishcurrents.org/when-antifa-is-the-enemy |title=When 'Antifa' Is the Enemy |publisher=Jewish Currents |accessdate=2022-09-12|first=Isabel|last=Frey|date=June 3, 2021}}</ref> Michael Sappir, an Israeli-born German-Jewish anti-Zionist activist affiliated with Jewish-Israeli descent in Leipzig, has said in ''+972 Magazine'' that the experience of being an anti-Zionist Jewish leftist in Germany can be disempowering and "very isolating" because the German left is often associated with the Antideutsch movement. According to Sappir, Jewish leftists and other pro-Palestinian voices are marginalized in part because "Antideutsch groups have managed to bully them into silence" and that Jewish leftists "felt very insulted by the idea of calling this struggle 'antisemitic'".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.972mag.com/jid-palestine-leipzig-germany/ |title=The Israelis challenging the German left's anti-Palestinian politics |date=21 July 2021 |publisher=+972 Magazine |accessdate=2022-09-12}}</ref>

The Anti-Deutsch movement has faced criticism for its perceived unconditional support of the State of Israel. Critics argue that this position often leads to the marginalization of Palestinian perspectives and struggles. Some sources note that Anti-Deutsch groups have defended Israeli government actions including the Gaza genocide. These positions have sparked debate within the German and international left, with opponents asserting that the movement's stance may conflict with broader anti-imperialist and human rights principles.<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2024/1/7/why-is-germany-so-viciously-anti-palestinian</ref><ref>https://pomeps.org/supporting-plausible-acts-of-genocide-red-lines-and-the-failure-of-german-middle-eastern-studies</ref>

==See also== [[Image:Antideutsche rassisten.jpg|thumb|Anti-German banner expressing support for Air Chief Marshal Arthur Harris, who is associated with the area bombing of German cities]]

* New Antisemitism * Henryk Broder * Egotronic * Matthias Küntzel * Andrei Markovits * Moishe Postone * Anti-Japaneseism * White guilt * I Apologize campaign * German collective guilt * Anti-Palestinianism * Haavara Agreement * Euston Manifesto * Anti-antisemitism in Germany * Antifa (Israel) * Neoconservatism

== References == {{Reflist|30em}}

== Primary sources == * Harald Bergdorf and Rudolf van Hüllen. ''Linksextrem – Deutschlands unterschätzte Gefahr? Zwischen Brandanschlag und Bundestagsmandat''. Schöningh, Paderborn and others (2011), {{ISBN|978-3-506-77242-8}}.

==Further reading== * {{Cite journal |last=Schlembach |first=Raphael |date=2010-11-01 |title=Towards a critique of anti-German 'communism' |url=https://sussex.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Towards_a_critique_of_anti-German_communism_/23408807?file=41132156 |journal=Interface: A Journal for and About Social Movements |language=en}} * [http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DRIT=3&DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=625&PID=0&IID=3022&TTL "The Anti-Germans" - The Pro-Israel German Left] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317054037/http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DRIT=3&DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=625&PID=0&IID=3022&TTL |date=2012-03-17 }}, Simon Erlanger, ''Jewish Political Studies Review'', 2009 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110723034314/http://www.ca-ira.net/isf/beitraege/bruhn-who.are.the.anti-germans.html Who are the anti-germans?], Ça Ira, Freiburg May 2007 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090505054751/http://www.metamute.org/en/The-World-Turned-Upside-Down The World Turned Upside Down], Mute magazine, 2005 * [http://www.copyriot.com/sinistra/reading/texte/antigermans.html Statement by the anti-German group sinistra!], ''Copyriot'' * [https://www.jpost.com/Home/Article.aspx?id=134847 'Jubelperser' for Israel] - an article about the Anti-German BAK Shalom within the German party The Left, ''Jerusalem Post'', 2009 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151116043342/http://bunkermag.org/a-defense-why-we-are-pro-israel/ "A Defence: Why We (the anti-Germans) Are Pro Israel"], 2015 * [https://www.unrast-verlag.de/images/stories/virtuemart/product/021_kurz_antideutsche-ideologie_vorwort.pdf Die Antideutsche Ideologie], Robert Kurz, 2003 * [https://adkr.noblogs.org/files/2023/12/radikalelinke-zionismus-broschuere-digital.pdf Zum historischen Verhältnis der radikalen Linken zum Zionismus], antifa désaccord Krefeld, Bündnis gegen Antisemitismus Köln, 2024

== External links == * [http://bikinibottom.blogsport.de/ ''Anti-German for Dummies''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070304100558/http://bikinibottom.blogsport.de/ |date=2007-03-04 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070107181829/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/806069.html Assaf Uni: ''The good men of Leipzig''], Haaretz, January 3, 2007 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070814042024/http://www.realization.info/pol/deutsch/40.html Interview with Thomas Becker, a contributor to Bahamas] * {{in lang|de}} [http://www.ca-ira.net/ Homepage of the group "Initiative Sozialistisches Forum"] * {{in lang|de}} [http://www.cafecritique.priv.at/ Homepage of the group "Café Critique"]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Anti-Germans (Communist Current)}} Category:Anti-Germans (political current) Category:Anti-Arabism in Europe Category:Anti-capitalism Category:Anti-national sentiment toward self-nations Category:Anti-nationalism Category:Anti-Palestinian sentiment in Germany Category:Austria–Israel relations Category:Austria–Palestine relations Category:Communism in Austria Category:Communism in Germany Category:Far-left politics in Austria Category:Far-left politics in Germany Category:Germany–Israel relations Category:Germany–Palestine relations Category:Islamophobia in Germany Category:Opposition to Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions Category:Socialism in Austria Category:Socialism in Germany Category:Zionism in Austria Category:Zionism in Germany