{{short description|United States and Confederate States Army officer (1811–1889)}} {{redirect|Abram Myers|the FTC chairman and motion picture organization figure|Abram F. Myers}} {{use dmy dates|date=August 2024}} {{Infobox person | name = Abraham Myers | image = Abraham Myers.jpg | alt = A three-quarters length monochrome photograph of a white man in a dark military uniform; he has dark hair and mustache, his right hand is tucked into the breast of his uniform, and he is looking to the camera's left. | caption = Undated photo of Myers in uniform | birth_name = Abraham Charles Myers | birth_date = {{birth date|1811|05|14|df=yes}} | birth_place = Georgetown, South Carolina<br />United States<!-- unabbreviated for being on its own line --> | death_date = {{death date and age|June 1889|14 May 1811}} | death_place = Washington, D.C., US | burial_place = St. Paul's Cemetery<br />Alexandria, Virginia, US | burial_coordinates = {{coord|38.79955|-77.05698|type:landmark|display=inline}}<!-- per :Commons:File:Abraham Myers gravestone in Alexandria, Virginia (27 September 2023, 8 of 8).tif & WP:OPCOORD --> | alma_mater = US Military Academy (1833) | occupation = Soldier | spouse = Marion Twiggs | children = John Twiggs Myers | module = {{infobox military person |embed=yes | embed_title = Confederate military career | allegiance = Confederate States | branch = Confederate States Army | branch_label = Branch | service_years = 1861–1863/1864 | service_years_label = Years | rank = Colonel | rank_label = Rank | unit = Quartermaster-General | battles = American Civil War | battles_label = Conflicts }} | module2 = {{infobox military person |embed=yes | embed_title = US military career | allegiance = United States | branch = United States Army | branch_label = Branch | service_years = 1833–1861 ({{age in decimal years|1 July 1833|28 Jan 1861}}) | service_years_label = Years | battles = {{tree list}} * Second Seminole War * Mexican–American War ** Battle of Palo Alto ** Resaca de la Palma ** Battle of Churubusco{{tree list/end}} | battles_label = Conflicts | rank = Lieutenant colonel / Colonel | rank_label = Rank | unit = {{unbulleted list|4th Infantry Regiment|Quartermaster Department}} }} }}
'''Abraham Myers''' (also '''Abram Myers'''; 14 May 1811 – 20 or 28 June 1889) was a military officer in the United States and Confederate States Armies.
==Personal life== Abraham Charles Myers<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" /> (also Abram) was born in Georgetown, South Carolina, on 14 May 1811.<ref name="2008 Confederate Colonels" /> Myers was born into a Jewish family; his great-grandfather had been the first rabbi of Congregation K.K. Beth Elohim in Charleston, South Carolina.<ref name="2000 Robert N. Rosen: 3" /> Myers was accepted to the United States Military Academy on 1 July 1828; after repeating his freshman year, he graduated on 1 July 1833.<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" /> In February 1850, Major General David E. Twiggs named Fort Myers for his future son-in-law;<ref name="2000 Robert N. Rosen: 3" /> Myers married Marion Twiggs before 1861.<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" />
==US military career== After accepting the rank of brevetted second lieutenant in the United States Army on 1 July 1833, Myers was stationed in Baton Rouge, Louisiana with the 4th Infantry Regiment. He received a promotion to full second lieutenant on 31 December 1835 before serving in the Second Seminole War.<ref name="1891 Biographical Register" />
Myers served in Florida from 1836–1838, fighting at Camp Izard and Oloklikaha, and receiving his promotion to first lieutenant on 6 September 1837. From 1838–1840, Myers worked in the recruiting service; with a promotion to staff captain on 21 November 1839, he transferred to the Quartermaster Department in St. Augustine, Florida. Myers returned to fighting in the Second Seminole War from 1841–1842.<ref name="1891 Biographical Register" />
Captain Myers was stationed at Fort Moultrie from 1842–1845.<ref name="1891 Biographical Register" /> During the Mexican–American War, Myers served under Zachary Taylor at the Battle of Palo Alto and the Battle of Resaca de la Palma; his "gallant and meritorious conduct" thereat earned him a promotion to brevetted major. After his transfer to Winfield Scott's command, Myers fought at the Battle of Churubusco (receiving a brevetted promotion to colonel<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" /> or lieutenant colonel<ref name="1891 Biographical Register" /><ref name="2008 Confederate Colonels" /> for "gallant conduct"), and was the Army of Mexico's chief quartermaster from April–June 1848.<ref name="1891 Biographical Register" />
{| style="float: left; margin-right: 1em;" class="wikitable sortable;" |- ! Assignments<ref name="1891 Biographical Register" /> ! Dates |- | {{unbulleted list|Charleston, South Carolina|Savannah, Georgia}} | 1848–1849 |- | Department of Florida | 1849–1851 |- | New Orleans, Louisiana | 1851–1854 |- | Department of Texas | 1854–1857 |- | New York City | 1857–1858 |- | New Orleans, Louisiana | 1858–1861 |} From 1848 to 1861, Myers served the Quartermaster Department at various posts, mostly in the Southern United States. While stationed in New Orleans on 28 Jan 1861, at the behest of Louisiana state officials, Myers "surrendered the quartermaster and commissary stores in his possession" before immediately resigning from the US Army.<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" />{{blockquote|South Carolina, the State where I was born, and Louisiana, the State of my adoption, having in convention passed ordinances of secession from the United States, I am absolved from my allegiance to the Federal government.<ref name="2000 Robert N. Rosen: 1" />}}
==Confederate military career== On 16 Mar 1861, Myers was appointed a lieutenant-colonel in the Confederate Quartermaster-General's Department. He was made the Confederacy's first acting quartermaster-general on 25 March 1861; the role was made official that December, with a promotion to colonel on 15 Feb 1862.<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" /> After the Confederate capital moved from Montgomery, Alabama, to Richmond, Virginia, Myers' offices were made on the second floor of the building at the southwest corner of 9th and Main Street; his staff would eventually swell to 88 clerks—the largest office in the Confederacy's supply bureau. As president of the military board, Myers helped design the first Confederate Army uniform: "a blue flannel shirt, gray flannel pants, a red flannel undershirt, cotton drawers, wool socks, boots, and a cap."<ref name="2000 Robert N. Rosen: 3" />
As quartermaster-general, Myers was hampered by insufficient funds, the failure of the Confederate States dollar, and the poor railroads in the South; the Confederate States Army was never adequately supplied by Myers, especially with regard to clothing and shoes. By the 1930s, it was determined that while Myers had been very skilled at accountancy, he could not think outside his US training and experience, nor could he rise above "the laxity, carelessness, and inefficiency of remote subordinates".<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" />
===End of service=== Myers was ousted as quartermaster-general around the turn of 1864.<!-- serving as a lede to the section; does not need citing -->
The 1934 ''Dictionary of American Biography'' says that Confederate President Jefferson Davis appointed Brigadier General Alexander Lawton as Myers' replacement on 7 August 1863 "in the interest of efficiency", but that the Confederate States Senate rejected the appointment on procedural grounds. Davis resubmitted Lawton to the Confederate Congress, and that body confirmed the general on 17 February 1864. When Myers refused to serve under Lawton, he "found himself, on a technicality, 'out of the army{{single+double}}.<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" />
A 1938 history of The Boston Club reported that Myers, one of the club's members, was forced out of the service in August 1863.<ref name="1938 Landry" />
In 2000, Robert N. Rosen's ''The Jewish Confederates'' said that while there had been complaints about Myers from War Secretary James Seddon and General Robert E. Lee, President Davis had used the letter of the law to appoint his friend—Lawton—in retaliation for Myers' wife having called Varina Davis a "squaw". (Though as a Jew, Myers had seen some antisemitism in the Confederate ranks, Rosen explicitly argued that it had no bearing on Davis' actions.) Despite the efforts of the congress, Richmond society, and the Fourth Estate, Lawton was confirmed in February 1864. Rosen goes on to say that Myers refused to serve under Lawton, and though the Confederate States Attorney General opined that Myers was not in the army any longer, he himself maintained that "he was a colonel and a commissioned officer and remained on the army list".<ref name="2000 Robert N. Rosen: 3" />
Bruce Allardice's 2008 book ''Confederate Colonels'' concurs with much of the Rosen's analysis, though merely says that Myers resigned on 10 August 1863.<ref name="2008 Confederate Colonels" />
==Post-military== In 1864 and 1865, Myers lived in the state of Georgia, "almost in want, on the charity of friends". The ''Dictionary of American Biography'' believes he traveled through Europe from 1866–1877.<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" /> The United States Marine Corps History Division reported that Myers' son, John Twiggs Myers, was born in the Imperial German city of Wiesbaden on 29 January 1871, and that the family returned to the US in 1876.<ref name="USMC History Division" />
thumb|Myers' original gravestone, photographed in September 2023 Myers died in Washington, D.C., on 20<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography" /> or 28 June 1889.<ref name="1938 Landry" /> He was buried at St. Paul's Cemetery in Alexandria, Virginia,<ref name="2008 Confederate Colonels" /> under a headstone that read "Gen. A. C. Myers".<ref name="2000 Robert N. Rosen: 3" />
==References== <references>
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<ref name="1891 Biographical Register">{{cite book |last1=Cullum |first1=George W. |author-link1=George Washington Cullum |year=1891 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U. S. Military Academy at West Point, N. Y. from its Establishment, in 1802, to 1890 with the Early History of the United States Military Academy |language=en |volume=I |publisher=Houghton, Mifflin and Company |page=562 |lccn=01017674}}</ref><!-- exhausted -->
<ref name="1934 Dictionary of American Biography">{{cite book |year=1934 |editor1-last=Malone |editor1-first=Dumas |editor1-link=Dumas Malone |title=Dictionary of American Biography |language=en |volume=13 |location=New York |publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons |pages=375–376 |oclc=1042961533 }}</ref><!-- exhausted -->
<ref name="1938 Landry">{{cite book |last1=Landry |first1=Stuart O. |year=1938 |chapter=Appendix—Biographies |chapter-url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nnc1.cu09362126&seq=297 |title=History of The Boston Club: Organized in 1841 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nnc1.cu09362126 |url-status=live |language=en |location=New Orleans |publisher=Pelican Publishing Company |page=317 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127223815/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nnc1.cu09362126 |archive-date=2024-01-27 |access-date=2024-02-17 |via=HathiTrust}}</ref><!-- exhausted -->
<ref name="2000 Robert N. Rosen: 1">{{cite book |last1=Rosen |first1=Robert N. |year=2000 |chapter=Chapter 1: The Free Air of Dixie |title=The Jewish Confederates |language=en |location=Columbia, South Carolina |publisher=University of South Carolina |pages=9–55 |isbn=1-57003-363-3}}</ref><!-- exhausted -->
<ref name="2000 Robert N. Rosen: 3">{{cite book |last1=Rosen |first1=Robert N. |year=2000 |chapter=Chapter 3: Hebrew Officers and Israelite Gentlemen |title=The Jewish Confederates |language=en |location=Columbia, South Carolina |publisher=University of South Carolina |pages=89–161 |isbn=1-57003-363-3}}</ref><!-- exhausted -->
<ref name="2008 Confederate Colonels">{{cite book |last1=Allardice |first1=Bruce S. |year=2008 |chapter=The Register |title=Confederate Colonels: A Biographical Register |language=en |location=Columbia, Missouri |publisher=University of Missouri Press |page=287 |isbn=978-0-8262-1809-4}}</ref><!-- exhausted -->
<!-- undated sources sorted alphabetically -->
<ref name="USMC History Division">{{cite web |url=https://www.mcu.usmc.mil/historydivision/Pages/Who%27s%20Who/M-O/myers_jt.aspx |title=Lieutenant General John T. Myers, USMC, (Deceased) |department=United States Marine Corps History Division |publisher=United States Marine Corps |language=en |access-date=2023-10-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316141413/https://www.mcu.usmc.mil/historydivision/Pages/Who%27s%20Who/M-O/myers_jt.aspx |archive-date=2016-03-16}}</ref><!-- exhausted -->
</references>
==External links== * {{Commons category-inline}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Myers, Abraham}} Category:1811 births Category:1889 deaths Category:American military personnel of the Mexican–American War Category:Confederate Jews Category:Confederate States Army officers Category:Jewish American military personnel Category:People from Georgetown, South Carolina Category:People of South Carolina in the American Civil War Category:Quartermasters Category:United States Army personnel of the Seminole Wars Category:United States Military Academy alumni