Visitas

{{Short description|Sub-missions of Catholic missions during the 16th–19th centuries}} {{Spanish Catholic missions in the Americas}}

'''Visitas''' or '''asistencias''' were smaller sub-missions of Catholic missions established during the 16th-19th centuries of the Spanish colonization of the Americas and the Philippines. They allowed the Catholic church and the Spanish crown to extend their reach into native populations at a modest cost.

==Description== Visitas served missions and were much smaller than the main missions with living quarters, workshops and crops in addition to a church. They were typically staffed with a small group of clergymen and a relatively small group of indigenous neophytes in order to maintain the complex.

Particularly strategic visitas were later elevated to the status of a full mission. This typically included an expansion of existing facilities to support a larger clergy and indigenous neophyte population, improvement of basic infrastructure such as roads, and rechristening under a new Catholic saint.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://factcards.califa.org/mli/asistencias.html |title=California Mission Life |publisher=Factcards.califa.org |date= |accessdate=2015-06-12}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |url=http://www.missiontrailtoday.com/code/mission_ae.htm |title=Mission Trail Today – Mission Asistencias and Estancias |publisher=U.S. Mission Trail |date= |accessdate=2015-06-17 |archive-date=2015-06-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607175957/http://www.missiontrailtoday.com/code/mission_ae.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Mission San Antonio de Pala - 01.JPG|thumb|San Antonio de Pala, an asistencia of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, is located in Pala, California]] In Spanish Florida, ''visitas'' were mission stations without a resident missionary. Church buildings at ''visitas'' were simple, or sometimes absent.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Worth |first=John E. |title=Timucua Chiefdoms of Spanish Florida. Volume 1: Assimilation |publisher=University Press of Florida |year=1998 |isbn=0-8130-1575-8 |location=Gainesville |page=35}}</ref> ''Visitas'' were often in satellite villages associated with a town with a ''doctrina'' (a mission with one or more resident missionaries).

== History == The first visita that was founded and documented seems to be a visita established in the village of Soloy (in modern day Florida). Pedro Menéndez de Avilés designated it to become a blockhouse in 1567, but it became a visita to Mission Nombre de Dios in the beginning of the 1600s.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=453–456 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

More visitas were established in Spanish Florida during the early 1600s, but the only ones that seem to have been documented were four visitas to Mission San Pedro de Mocama and nine visitas to Mission San Juan del Puerto.<ref name=":3" />

During the early 1600s, visitas were founded in present day New Mexico and Sonora. Almost a century and a half later, the third and final visita in New Mexico was established, Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Pojoaque.<ref name=":29" />

The last visita to be founded in Sonora was San Valentin de Bisanig (later renamed San Juan Bisaning) in 1706.<ref name=":31">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=165–183 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> Missions stopped being founded after 1772, when Father Juan Crisóstomo Gil de Bernabé founded the mission Carrizal (also known as Carrizel<ref name=":31" />) and was martyred the year later, on March (6, 8, or 9). Father Antonio Caxa designated March 8, 1774 as the day to honor Bernabé.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Juan Crisóstomo Gil de Bernabé – Tumacácori National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/juan-crisostomo-gil-de-bernabe.htm |access-date=2025-01-17 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref>

Starting in 1684 with the founding of Mission San Bruno in Baja California Sur by Spanish admiral Isidro de Atondo y Antillón and Father Eusebio Kino,<ref>Burckhalter, David, Sedgwick, Mina, and Fontana, Bernard L. (2013), ''Baja California Missions'', Tucson: University of Arizona Press, p. 17; Bolton, 1936</ref> missions started to be founded in Baja California and Baja California Sur, along with visitas.

The first visita founded there was San Juan Bautista Londó in 1699, which served Mission Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó.<ref name="BajaVisitas7">{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=The Spanish Missions of Baja California, Part 3: Mission Visitas |url=https://vivabaja.com/missions3/ |access-date=2020-05-03 |website=Viva Baja}}</ref> The final visita in Baja California and Baja California Sur was established in 1798 as San Telmo, which served Mission Santo Domingo de la Frontera.<ref name=":13" />

In 1687, Father Eusebio Kino started to establish missions in Pimería Alta, as well as visitas. In what is modern day Arizona, he established visitas at Huachuca, Quiburi, and Santa Cruz, as well as one called San Ignacio de Sonoitac.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /> Sonoitac was originally just a ranchería which was said to have a bigger population than the Guevavi, Tumacácori, and Calabazas settlements. A church was built, it became a visita, and it was named San Ignacio de Sonoitac after or around 1737.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=San Ignacio de Sonoitac – Tumacácori National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/san-ignacio-de-sonoitac.htm |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref>

In 1692, San Agustín del Tucson was established by Kino as a visita to Mission San Xavier del Bac, but became a mission in 1768 as Mission San Cosme y Damián de Tucsón.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=San Xavier del Bac – Tumacácori National Historical Park |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/san-xavier-del-bac.htm |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref>

In 1749 and 1750, along the Lower Rio Grande Valley, there was a large colonization effort, mainly led by José de Escandón. The towns of Reynosa, Camargo, Mier, and [https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=26_45_49_N_99_27_21_W Guerrero] were established in present-day Mexico, along with missions.<ref name=":26" /> However, the visitas that were built to serve those missions were established in present-day Texas, technically making them the only visitas established within its current boundaries.<ref name=":26" />

The mission system in California started with the founding of Mission San Diego de Alcala in 1769 by Father Junipero Serra.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Parks |first=California State |title=California State Parks |url=https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=22722#:~:text=San%20Diego%20de%20Alcala,%201st,and%20planted%20a%20large%20cross. |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=CA State Parks |language=en}}</ref> The first asistencia in California, Santa Paula, was founded around 1782 to Mission San Buenaventura. More asistencias were established to 6 out of the 21 missions in California.

==America== The following are lists of visitas in America, sorted by year of establishment.

=== California === {| class="wikitable" |+Spanish asistencias in California !Name !Image !Location !Established !Notes !References |- |Santa Paula | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=34_21_21_N_119_3_3_W 34.35584, -119.05086] |1782 or after |It served Mission San Buenaventura. |- |Nuestra Señora Reina de los Ángeles |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=34_3_25_N_118_14_21_W 34.05702, -118.2392] |1784 |It served Mission San Gabriel Arcángel. | |- |San Pedro y San Pablo |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=37_35_13_N_122_29_38_W 37.58714, -122.49391] |1786 |It served Mission San Francisco de Asís. |<ref name=":1" /> |- |Santa Margarita de Cortona |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=35_24_7_N_120_36_43_W 35.40197, -120.6122] |1787 |It served Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa. |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Parks |first=California State |title=California State Parks |url=https://ohp.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=21484 |access-date=2024-09-13 |website=CA State Parks |language=en}}</ref> |- |Santa Gertrudis |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=34_20_51_N_119_17_49_W 34.34752, -119.29704] |Between 1792 and 1809 |It served Mission San Buenaventura. |<ref>{{Cite news |date=1966-05-02 |title=Two-Year Race Ends at Mission Dig: Archaeologists Beat the Freeway Bulldozers |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-two-year-race-ends/19821244/ |access-date=2025-01-18 |work=The Los Angeles Times |pages=35}}</ref> |- |San Antonio de Pala |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=33_21_57_N_117_4_27_W 33.36591, -117.07419] |June 13, 1816 |It served Mission San Luis Rey de Francia. | |- |San Rafael Arcángel |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=37_58_27_N_122_31_40_W 37.97427, -122.52798] |1817 |It originally served Mission San Francisco de Asís, and later became a mission in 1822. | |- |Santa Ysabel |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=33_7_50_N_116_40_40_W 33.13057, -116.67786] |1818 |It served Mission San Diego de Alcalá. | |- |Las Flores |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=33_17_59_N_117_27_39_W 33.299722, -117.460833] |1823 |It served Mission San Luis Rey de Francia. | |}

=== Arizona === {| class="wikitable" |+Spanish visitas in Arizona !Name !Image !Location !Established !Notes !References |- |Walpi | |Below First Mesa |Around 1629 |It served Mission San Francisco de Oraibi. The visita name is unknown. |<ref name=":39">{{Cite web |title=Hubbell Trading Post NHS: Cultural Landscape Report (Site History) |url=https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/hutr/clr/clr2a.htm |access-date=2025-02-07 |website=www.nps.gov}}</ref><ref name=":36">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XHQaAQAAIAAJ |title=Indian Villages of the Southwest: A Practical Guide to the Pueblo Indian Villages of New Mexico and Arizona |date=1985 |publisher=Chronicle Books |isbn=978-0-87701-735-6 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":37">{{Cite web |title=Cycles of Conquest: The Impact of Spain, Mexico, and the United States on Indians of the Southwest, 1533-1960 |url=https://openaz-tst.library.arizona.edu/read/cycles-of-conquest/section/d7f663bd-85cc-4417-b885-a2b281067ecc |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=openaz-tst.library.arizona.edu}}</ref><ref name=":38">{{Cite journal |date=2019-01-21 |title=1907 - Handbook of American Indians north of Mexico, Part I; Frederick Webb Hodge |url=https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/hornbeck_ind_3/3/ |journal=Internet Archives; Bureau of American Ethnology}}</ref><ref name=":40">{{Cite web |date=2011-07-09 |title=Hopi Archeology – Access Genealogy |url=https://accessgenealogy.com/native/hopi-indian-archeology.htm |access-date=2025-02-05 |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |San Buenaventura de Mishóngnovi | |Below Second Mesa |Around 1629 |It served Mission San Bartolomé de Shungópove. |<ref name=":39" /><ref name=":36" /><ref name=":37" /><ref name=":38" /><ref name=":40" /> |- |San Cayetano del Tumacácori | |On the east side of the Santa Cruz River |January 1691 |It served Mission Los Santos Ángeles de Guevavi during all of its years as San Cayetano, and a few years as San José. |<ref>{{Cite web |title=San José de Tumacácori –Tumacácori National Historical Park |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/tumacacori.htm |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |Los Santos Ángeles de Guevavi |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=31_24_36_N_110_54_7_W 31.41007, -110.90198] |1691 |It was originally founded as a mission in 1691, but became a visita of San José de Tumacacori around 1773. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stoner |first=Victor R. |date=1937 |title=Original Sites of the Spanish Missions of the Santa Cruz Valley |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30247432 |journal=Kiva |volume=2 |issue=7/8 |pages=25–32 |doi=10.1080/00231940.1937.11757662 |jstor=30247432 |issn=0023-1940}}</ref> |- |San Ignacio de Sonoitac |thumb |Near Patagonia |1692 |It served Mission Los Santos Ángeles de Guevavi. |<ref>{{Cite web |title=San Ignacio de Sonoitac – Tumacácori National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/san-ignacio-de-sonoitac.htm |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |San Agustín del Tucson |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=32_12_48_N_110_59_13_W 32.21346, -110.98703] |1692 |It served Mission San Xavier del Bac. In 1768, it was elevated to the status of mission and became the Mission San Cosme y Damián de Tucsón. |<ref name=":8" /> |- |San Martín de Aribac |thumb |Arivaca |1695 |Also known as Santa Gertrudes de Arivaca, it served Mission Los Santos Ángeles de Guevavi. Described as being 10 leagues (26 miles) away from Guevavi, which is only a couple miles off from the current measurement of 27.8 miles. |<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://www.visitarivaca.com/arivaca-history |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=Visit Arivaca |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Santa Gertrudes de Arivaca, Arivaca, Pima County, AZ |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/az0054/ |access-date=2025-01-11 |language=english}}</ref> |- |San Joaquín de Basosucan | |[https://babacomariranch.com Babacomari Ranch] |1696-1697 |Also known as San Joaquín de Huachuca. |<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":28">{{Cite web |last1=Sánchez |first1=Joseph P. |last2=White |first2=John Howard |editor-last=Sánchez-Clark |editor-first=Angélica |title=Coronado National Memorial Historical Research Project Research Topics |url=https://npshistory.com/publications/coro/hrp-research.pdf}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> |- |Santa Cruz de Gaybanipitea | |Along the San Pedro River |Around 1731 |It served Mission Santa María Suamca. Also known as Santa Cruz de Jauanipicta, it, along with Quiburi, was founded along the San Pedro River. |<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Mattison |first=Ray |date=1946 |title=Early Spanish and Mexican Settlements in Arizona |url=https://npshistory.com/publications/tuma/nmhr-v21n4-1946.pdf |journal=New Mexico Historical Review |volume=21 |issue=4 |page=275 |via=NPS History}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Seymour |first=Deni J. |date=2012 |title=Santa Cruz River : The Origin of a Place Name |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41697406 |journal=The Journal of Arizona History |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=81–88 |jstor=41697406 |issn=0021-9053}}</ref><ref name=":28" /> |- |Santa Ana de Quiburi | |Along the San Pedro River |Around 1731 |It served Mission Santa María Suamca. |<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last=Mattison |first=Ray |date=1946 |title=Early Spanish and Mexican Settlements in Arizona |url=https://npshistory.com/publications/tuma/nmhr-v21n4-1946.pdf |journal=New Mexico Historical Review |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=275}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Seymour |first=Deni |date=2003 |title=Sobaipuri-Pima Occupation in the Upper San Pedro Valley: San Pablo de Quiburi |url=https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3041&context=nmhr |journal=New Mexico Historical Review |volume=78 |issue=2}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Santa Ana de Quiburi Mission (Ruins), Fairbank (historical), Cochise County, AZ |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/az0017/ |access-date=2025-01-11 |language=english}}</ref> |- |San Cayetano de Calabazas |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=31_27_9_N_110_57_34_W 31.45252, -110.95945] |1756 |It served Mission Los Santos Ángeles de Guevavi (and later was an estancia of Mission San José de Tumacácori). It later had a resident priest, meaning it became a mission. It was downgraded back to a visita of Mission Los Santos Ángeles de Guevavi in 1784 and abandoned in 1786. |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mission San Cayetano de Calabazas - Spanish Missions/Misiones Españolas (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/travelspanishmissions/mission-san-cayetano-de-calabazas.htm |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Tumacacori |first1=Mailing Address: P. O. Box 8067 |last2=Us |first2=AZ 85640 Phone: 520 377-5060 Contact |title=San Cayetano de Calabazas - Tumacácori National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/calabazas.htm |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |Santa Gertrudis de Tubac | | |By 1763 |It served Mission Los Santos Ángeles de Guevavi. | |}

=== New Mexico === {| class="wikitable" |+Spanish visitas in New Mexico !Name !Image !Location !Established !Notes !References |- |San Buenaventura de Cochití |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=35_36_29_N_106_20_45_W 35.608056; -106.345833] |Early 1600s |It served Mission Santo Domingo, but later became a mission. |<ref>{{Cite web |title=San Buenaventura de Cochiti – English – Spanish Missions/Misiones Españolas (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/travelspanishmissions/san-buenaventura-de-cochiti-english.htm |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |San Buenaventura de Humanas |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=34_15_34_N_106_5_32_W 34.25962, -106.09231] |1626 |It served Mission San Gregorio de Abó, and by 1629 became an actual mission. |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gran Quivira (San Buenaventura de las Humanas and San Isidro) – Spanish Missions/Misiones Españolas (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/travelspanishmissions/gran-quivira-san-buenaventura-de-las-humanas-and-san-isidro.htm |access-date=2024-12-24 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |San Luis Obispo de Sevilleta | | |1627 |It was originally a mission, but was later downgraded to a visita of Nuestra Señora de Perpetuo Socorro. Abandoned in 1680. |<ref name="bletzer">{{cite journal |last1=Bletzer |first1=Michael P. |date=April 2020 |title=A Furtive Mission in Los Piros: Notes on the Archaeology of San Luis Obispo de Sevilleta |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332304284 |journal=Papers of the Archaeological Society of New Mexico |language=en |volume=46 |pages=25–40 |access-date=March 2, 2021}}</ref> |- |Santa Clara |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=35_58_4_N_106_5_16_W 35.96783, -106.08796] |1628 |It first served Mission San Juan Bautista de los Caballeros. It was destroyed during the Pueblo Revolt and then rebuilt to serve Mission San Ildefonso. It was remodeled around 1900 with a new roof which caused it to collapse in 1905. Rebuilt again around 1914 and remodeled in the 1960s. |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Santa Clara Mission Church – Spanish Missions/Misiones Españolas (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/travelspanishmissions/santa-clara-mission-church.htm |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Pojoaque | | |Around 1765 |It served San Francisco de Nambé. |<ref name=":29">{{Cite web |title=The Missions of New Mexico Since 1776 (Pojoaque) |url=https://npshistory.com/publications/kessell/nm-missions/pojoaque.htm |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=npshistory.com}}</ref> |}

=== Texas === {| class="wikitable" |+Spanish visitas in Texas !Name !Image !Location !Established !Notes !References |- |San Agustín de Laredo (Camargo) |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=26_22_16_N_98_51_22_W 26.37135, -98.8563] |1749 |It served Mission San Agustín de Laredo, which was located in Camargo. |<ref name=":25">{{Cite web |title=Texas Missions |url=https://www.texasalmanac.com/drupal-backup/images/Missions.pdf}}</ref> |- |San Joaquin del Monte (Reynosa) |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=26_6_18_N_98_15_37_W 26.10515, -98.26046] |1749 |It served Mission San Joaquín del Monte, which was located in Reynosa. |<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":26" /> |- |La Purísima Concepción (Mier) |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=26_27_37_N_99_1_46_W 26.46043, -99.02966] |1750 |It served Mission La Purísima Concepción, which was located in Mier. |<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":26">{{Cite web |last=Association (TSHA) |first=Texas State Historical |title=The Spanish Missions in Texas |url=https://www.texasalmanac.com/articles/the-spanish-missions-in-texas |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Texas Almanac |language=en}}</ref> |- |San Francisco Solano de Ampuero (Revilla) |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=26_54_5_N_99_16_0_W 26.90166, -99.26678] |1750 |It served Mission San Francisco Solano de Ampuero, which was located in present-day [https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=26_45_49_N_99_27_21_W Guerrero]. |<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":26" /> |}

=== Spanish Florida === {| class="wikitable" |+Known Spanish visitas in Spanish Florida !Name !Location !Established !Notes !References |- |Soloy |Florida |1567 |Originally a blockhouse, but by the beginning of the 1600s, became a visita of Mission Nombre de Dios. It was two leagues north of the mission. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=432 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |San José de Zapala |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=31_30_55_N_81_14_31_W 31.51544, -81.24218] |By 1597 |It served either Mission Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Tolomato or Mission Santa Clara de Tupiqui. It had a convent by 1616, and it became a mission. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=456–457 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Jeffries |first1=Richard W. |url=https://core.tdar.org/document/365275/in-search-of-mission-san-joseph-de-sapala-mission-period-archaeological-research-on-sapelo-island-georgia-2003-2007 |title=In Search of Mission San Joseph de Sapala: Mission Period Archaeological Research on Sapelo Island, Georgia 2003-2007 |last2=Moore |first2=Christopher |date=2009 |pages=52–53 |language=en}}</ref> |- |Tocoy |Florida |By 1602 |It served Mission San Sebastián. It was around five leagues due west of St. Augustine. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=435 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |Santa María de la Sena |Amelia Island |1602 |It served Mission San Pedro de Mocama. It was also called Santa Catalina de Santa María and Santa Catalina or Santa María de Guale. It later moved to St. Augustine and was called Santa Catarina de Guale. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=453 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Distribution of Contact and Mission Period Sites in the Mocama Province |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304497322 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241102054638/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304497322_Distribution_of_Contact_and_Mission_Period_Sites_in_the_Mocama_Province |archive-date=2024-11-02 |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=ResearchGate |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mocama Life at Santa Cruz de Guadalquini: Persistence and Accommodation under the Mission Bell |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324865511 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928112242/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324865511_Mocama_Life_at_Santa_Cruz_de_Guadalquini_Persistence_and_Accommodation_under_the_Mission_Bell |archive-date=2022-09-28 |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=ResearchGate |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Florida Sites |url=https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/histarch/collections/florida/sites/#santa_catalina |access-date=2025-01-29 |website=Historical Archaeology |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |San Antonio (de Aratabo/Arapaha) |Possibly Georgia |1602 |It served Mission San Pedro de Mocama. Later (probably around 1610), Fray Pedro Viniegra resided in the visita, meaning it later became a mission. |<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=454 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |Chica Faya la Madalena |Possibly Georgia |By 1602 |It served Mission San Pedro de Mocama. Said to be located alongside San Antonio. |<ref name=":9" /> |- |Veracruz |Florida |1602 |It served Mission San Juan del Puerto. It was one-half league away from the mission. |<ref name=":9" /> |- |(San Francisco de) Molo/Moloa |Florida |By 1602 |It served Mission San Juan del Puerto. It was five leagues from the mission. It most likely gained a convent by 1604, and definitely had one by 1610, when Fray Pedro Bermejo was noted to be the "definitor guardian", meaning it later became a mission. |<ref name=":9" /> |- |Potayo |Florida |By 1602 |It served Mission San Juan del Puerto. It was four leagues from the mission. |<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=455 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |San Mateo |Florida |By 1602 |It served Mission San Juan del Puerto. It was two leagues from the mission. The region near the site had a fort which secured the entrance of the St. Johns River. |<ref name=":10" /> |- |San Pablo |Florida |By 1602 |It served Mission San Juan del Puerto. It was one league and a half away from the mission. |<ref name=":10" /> |- |Hicachirico |Florida |1602 |It served Mission San Juan del Puerto. It was one league from the mission. |<ref name=":11">{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=456 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |Chinisca |Florida |By 1602 |It served Mission San Juan del Puerto. It was one league and a half from the mission. |<ref name=":11" /> |- |Carabay/Sarabay |Florida |By 1602 |It served Mission San Juan del Puerto. It was a fourth of a league from the mission. |<ref name=":11" /> |- |Espogache |Georgia |By 1603 |It served Mission Santo Domingo de Talaxe (also known as Santo Domingo de Asao and Santo Domingo de Talaje). It eventually became a mission center. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=448 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |Olatayco |Possibly Georgia |By 1604 |It served Mission San Pedro de Mocama. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=451 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |San Francisco de Potano |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=29_43_47_N_82_26_30_W 29.72993, -82.44179] |1607 |In 1607, Fray Prieto visited San Francisco de Potano, starting the construction of a church. Prieto later moved to San Miguel, and left San Francisco de Potano as a visita. Prieto traveled daily from his residence to minister to the Potano. By 1616, it was the site of a convent, meaning it later became a mission. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=458 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=CMAP - Fox Pond |url=https://cmap.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/sites/fox-pond/ |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=cmap.floridamuseum.ufl.edu}}</ref> |- |Yoa |Georgia |By 1609 |It served Mission Santa Catalina de Guale. Identified by John Tate Lanning as "two leagues up a mainland river back of the bars of Zapala [Sapelo Sound] and Cofonufo [St. Catherines Sound]". |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=458 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |Apalo |Florida |By 1616 |It probably served Mission San Francisco de Potano. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=468 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |Santa Cruz de Cachipile |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=30_39_48_N_83_12_22_W 30.66337, -83.20622] |By 1655 |It served Mission San Ildefonso de Chamile. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=471 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Borderland Conferences |url=https://www.aucillaresearchinstitute.org/borderland-conferences.html |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=Aucilla Research Institute |language=en}}</ref> |- |Santa Ana |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Pedro y San Pablo de Potohiriba. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=473 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |San(ta) ? |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Matheo de Tolapatafi. |<ref name=":33">{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=474 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |San(ta) ? |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Matheo de Tolapatafi. |<ref name=":33" /> |- |San(ta) ? |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Matheo de Tolapatafi. |<ref name=":33" /> |- |San(ta) ? |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Matheo de Tolapatafi. |<ref name=":33" /> |- |San(ta) ? |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Matheo de Tolapatafi. |<ref name=":33" /> |- |San(ta) ? |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Matheo de Tolapatafi. |<ref name=":33" /> |- |San(ta) ? |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Matheo de Tolapatafi. |<ref name=":33" /> |- |San(ta) ? |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Matheo de Tolapatafi. |<ref name=":33" /> |- |San(ta) ? |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Matheo de Tolapatafi. |<ref name=":33" /> |- |San Juan |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Lorenzo de Ivitachuco. |<ref name=":32">{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=477 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |San Pablo |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Lorenzo de Ivitachuco. |<ref name=":32" /> |- |San Nicolás |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Lorenzo de Ivitachuco. |<ref name=":32" /> |- |Ayapasca |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Lorenzo de Ivitachuco. |<ref name=":32" /> |- | |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission La Concepción de Ayubale. It is likely that Ayubale had more than one visita. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=477 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- | |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Francisco de Oconi. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=478 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- | |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Pedro y San Pablo de Patale. |<ref name=":34">{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=480 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- | |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Pedro y San Pablo de Patale. |<ref name=":34" /> |- | |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission Santa María de Bacuqua. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=482 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |San Cosme |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Cosme y San Damián de Cupaica. |<ref name=":35">{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=483 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- | |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Cosme y San Damián de Cupaica. |<ref name=":35" /> |- | |Florida |By 1657 |It served Mission San Cosme y San Damián de Cupaica. |<ref name=":35" /> |- |San Pedro |Florida |By 1657 (?) |It served Mission San Cosme y San Damián de Cupaica. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=484 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |Ypaja |Florida |By 1697 (?) |It may have been a visita. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=509 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |Piritiriba |Florida |By 1701 |It served Mission San Juan del Puerto. It was three leagues away from the mission. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hann |first=John H. |date=1990 |title=Summary Guide to Spanish Florida Missions and Visitas. With Churches in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006866 |journal=The Americas |volume=46 |issue=4 |page=436 |doi=10.2307/1006866 |jstor=1006866 |issn=0003-1615|url-access=subscription }}</ref> |}

==Mexico== The following are lists of visitas in Mexico, sorted by year of establishment.

=== Baja California === {| class="wikitable" |+Spanish visitas in Baja California !Name !Image !Location !Established !Notes !Reference |- |Calamajué | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=30_58_4_N_116_5_30_W 30.96805, -116.09194] |1766 |It served Misión San Francisco Borja. |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sitio Visita de Calamajue · 21856 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico |url=https://www.google.com/maps?cid=13731545358274456045 |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=Sitio Visita de Calamajue · 21856 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":13" /> |- |San Juan de Dios | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=30_10_57_N_115_10_4_W 30.18266, -115.16791] |1769 |It served Misión San Fernando Rey de España de Velicatá. |<ref>{{Cite web |title=San Juan de Dios |url=https://www.elvigia.net/el-valle/2012/5/20/juan-dios-81481.html |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=www.elvigia.net |language=spanish}}</ref><ref name=":13" /> |- |San Telmo | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=30_58_4_N_116_5_30_W 30.96805, -116.09194] |1798 |It served Misión Santo Domingo de la Frontera. |<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |title=Part 3: Mission Visitas – Viva Baja |url=https://vivabaja.com/missions3/ |access-date=2024-09-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |San Isidoro | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=30_45_54_N_115_32_49_W 30.76527, -115.54722] | |It served Misión San Pedro Mártir de Verona. |<ref name=":13" /> |- |Santa Ana | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=28_41_24_N_113_49_13_W 28.69027, -113.82055] | |It served Misión San Francisco Borja de Adac. |<ref name=":13" /> |}

=== Baja California Sur === {| class="wikitable" |+Spanish visitas in Baja California Sur !Name !Image !Location !Established !Notes !Reference |- |San Juan Bautista Londó | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=26_13_30_N_111_28_24_W 26.22521, -111.47354] |1699 |It served Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó. |<ref name=":13" /> |- |Angel de la Guarda | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=23_53_27_N_110_10_14_W 23.89111, -110.17083] |1721 |It served Misión de Nuestra Señora del Pilar de La Paz Airapí. |<ref name=":13" /> |- |La Pasión | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=24_53_15_N_111_1_43_W 24.88777, -111.02871] |1741 |It served Mission San Luis Gonzaga. |<ref name="JesuitSites">{{Cite web |title=The Spanish Missions of Baja California, Part 1: The Jesuit Missions 1697–1767 – Viva Baja |url=https://vivabaja.com/missions1/ |access-date=2022-05-03 |website=vivabaja.com}}</ref><ref name="BajaDolores">{{Cite web |date=2014-08-10 |title=The Spanish Missions on the California Peninsula: #9, Nuestra Señora de los Dolores (1721–1741 at Apaté, 1741–1768 at La Pasión de Chillá) |url=https://www.discoverbaja.com/2014/08/09/the-spanish-missions-on-the-california-peninsula-9-nuestra-senora-de-los-dolores-1721-1741-at-apate-1741-1768-at-la-pasion-de-chilla/ |access-date=2022-05-02 |website=Discover Baja Travel Club |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":13" /> |- |La Presentación | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=25_43_44_N_111_32_37_W 25.72893, -111.54366] |1769 |It served Misión San Francisco Javier de Viggé-Biaundó |<ref name=":13" /> |- |San Pablo (y/o Los Dolores de Arriba) | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=27_42_6_N_113_8_41_W 27.70184, -113.14484] | |It served Misión Nuestra Señora de los Dolores del Sur Chillá. |<ref name=":13" /> |- |San Jacinto | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=23_14_33_N_110_4_37_W 23.24277, -110.07722] | |It served Misión Santa Rosa de las Palmas. |<ref name=":13" /> |}

=== Sonora === {{Incomplete list|date=November 2024}} {| class="wikitable" |+Spanish visitas in Sonora !Name !Image !Location !Established !Notes !Reference |- |Concepción Curimpo | | |After 1614 |It served Mission Natividad Navojoa. |<ref name=":20">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=174 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Tepahui | | |After 1614 |It served Mission San Andrés Conicari. |<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=180 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |San Ignacio de Tesia | | |Around 1614 |It served Mission Santa Catarina de Camoa. |<ref name=":12" /> |- |Espíritu Santo Cócorit | | |Before 1617 |Established as a mission some time before 1617. After 1617, it served Mission Santa Rosa de Bácum. |<ref name=":19" /> |- |Trinidad Potam | | |1617 |It served Mission Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Rahum. |<ref name=":24">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=178 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |San Francisco Xavier de Cumuripa | | |1619 |It originally served Mission San Francisco de Borja de Tecoripa. Later it became a headquarters mission with two visitas. |<ref name=":19" /> |- |San Francisco Buenavista | | |1619 |It served Mission San Francisco Xavier de Cumuripa. In 1765, a presidio was built here, as well as a new church whose construction started in 1772. The visita is now underwater. |<ref name=":17" /> |- |San José de Pimas | | |1620 |It originally served Mission San Francisco de Borja de Tecoripa. It became a headquarters mission in 1771. |<ref name=":23" /> |- |San Ignacio de Suaqui | | |1620 |It served Mission San Francisco de Borja de Tecoripa. |<ref name=":27">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=179 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |San Joaquin y Santa Ana de Nuri | | |1622 |It served Mission Santa Maria de Movas. |<ref name=":22">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=176 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |San Ignacio Bacanora | | |1627 |It originally served Mission San Francisco Xavier de Arivechi, but by 1793, it served Mission Nuestra Señora de los Angeles de Sahuaripa. |<ref name=":16">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=170 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |Santa Rosalía de Onapa | | |1627 |It served Mission San Francisco Xavier de Arivechi. It eventually became a mission with two/three visitas. |<ref name=":22" /> |- |Pondia | | |1627 |It served Mission San Francisco Xavier de Arivechi. |<ref name=":23" /> |- |San Francisco de Soyopa | | |1628 |It served Mission San Ignacio (de Loyola) de Ónavas. The visita is also known as San Joseph de Soyopa |<ref name=":27" /> |- |Santa María del Populo de Tónichi | | |1629 |It served Mission San Ignacio (de Loyola) de Ónavas. The visita is also known as Nuestra Señora del Populo de Tonintzi |<ref name=":30">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=181 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |Nuestra Senora Asuncion Alamos | | |1629 |It served Mission San José de Mátape. |<ref name=":16" /> |- |Santa Cruz de Nácori | | |1629 |It served Mission San José de Mátape. |<ref name=":22" /> |- |Santa Rosalia | | |1637 |It served Mission San Miguel de Ures. |<ref name=":24" /> |- |Nuestra Señora de la Concepción de Baviácora | | |1638 |It was originally founded as a head mission, with a visita at San Pedro Aconchi. Later, it became a visita of Aconchi. |<ref name=":17" /> |- |Nuestra Señora del Rosario de Nacámeri | | |1638 |It served Mission San Miguel de Ures, Mission Nuestra Señora del Populo del Seri, and Mission Nuestra Señora de la Ascención de Opodepe, in chronological order. |<ref name=":22" /> |- |San Pedro Aconchi | | |1639 |It was initially founded as a visita of Mission Nuestra Señora de la Concepción de Baviácora. Over time, that mission became its visita. |<ref name=":15">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=169 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |San Lorenzo de Güepaca | | |1639 |Also known as San Lorenzo de Huépac, it had a visita at Nuestra Señora de los Remedios de Banámichi. Later, it became a visita of Banámichi. |<ref name=":20" /> |- |Nuestra Señora de los Remedios de Beramitzi | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=30_0_27_N_110_13_3_W 30.00765, -110.21768] |1639 |Also known as Nuestra Señora de los Remedios de Banámichi. It originally served Mission San Lorenzo de Güepaca. It eventually became a head mission, with the mission it used to serve (Guepaca) as its visita. |<ref name=":15" /> |- |Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Opodepe | | |1644 |Originally served Mission Los Santos Reyes de Cucurpe. In 1762, it became a mission, with Nuestra Señora del Rosario de Nacameri as its visita. |<ref name=":23">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=177 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |San Luis Gonzága de Bacadéhuachi | | |1645 |It served Mission Nuestra Señora de Nácori Chico. Eventually, it became a mission with two visitas (one of them being San Ignacio Mochapa). |<ref name=":16" /> |- |Santo Tomás de Serva | | |1645 |It served Mission Nuestra Señora de Nácori Chico. |<ref name=":27" /> |- |San Ignacio Mochapa | | |1645 |It served Mission San Luis Gonzága de Bacadéhuachi |<ref name=":21">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=175 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |San Miguel de Bavispe | | |1645 |It served Mission Santa María de Baserac. It may have become a head mission. |<ref name=":17" /> |- |San Juan Evangelista de Huachinera | | |1645 |Originally served Mission Santa María de Baserac. It became a mission by 1688 and had one visita. |<ref name=":20" /> |- |San Ignacio de Oputo | | |1645 |It served Mission San Francisco Xavier de Guásavas. |<ref name=":23" /> |- |Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Cumpas | | |1645 |It originally served Mission San Miguel Arcángel de Oposura, then served Mission San Francisco Xavier de Guásavas. |<ref name=":19" /> |- |San Ignacio de Sinoquipe | | |1646 |It served Mission Nuestra Señora de los Remedios de Beramitzi. The church was being restored during 1955 and 1956. |<ref name=":27" /> |- |San Miguel Tuape | | |1647 |It served Mission Los Santos Reyes de Cucurpe. | |- |San Miguel Bacoachi | | |1648 |It served Mission Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Arizpe. |<ref name=":16" /> |- |San José de Chinapa | | |1648 |It served Mission Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Arizpe. Briefly an independent mission. |<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=173 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |Santa Rosa de Tebadéguachi | | |1653 |It served Mission (Nuestro Padre) San Ignacio de Cuquiarachi. | |- |Guadalupe de T(e)uricachi | | |1653 |It served Mission (Nuestro Padre) San Ignacio de Cuquiarachi. |<ref name=":30" /> |- |San Francisco Xavier de Rebeico | | |1673 |It served Mission San José de Mátape. |<ref name=":24" /> |- |San Ildefonso de Yécora | | |1673 |It originally served Mission Santa Rosalia de Onapa. Later it had a visita at San Francisco Xavier de Maicoba. |<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=182 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |San Francisco Xavier de Maicoba | | |1676 |It served Mission San Ildefonso de Yécora. |<ref name=":21" /> |- |San José de Imuris | | |1687 |It served Mission (Nuestro Padre) de San Ignacio de Cabórica. |<ref name=":21" /> |- |San Juan de Bisani(n)g | | |Likely 1690's |It served Mission La Purísima Concepción de Nuestra Señora de Caborca. On Valentine's Day, 1694, it became a mission, and was named San Valentin del Bizani'''.''' However, it stayed as a visita for most of its life after. |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-23 |title=Ruins of the San Valentin del Bizani Kino Mission |url=https://explore-sonora.com/northern-sonora-mexico/kino-missions-in-sonora/san-valentin-del-bizani/ |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Explore Sonora |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuestra Señora del Pópulo del Bisanig –Tumacácori National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/nuestra-senora-del-populo-del-bisanig.htm |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |Santa María Magdalena | |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=30_37_48_N_110_58_24_W 30.6302, -110.9734] |1690 |It served Mission (Nuestro Padre) de San Ignacio de Cabórica. It may have had a visita at one point. |<ref name=":21" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Santa María Magdalena – Tumacácori National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/santa-maria-magdalena.htm |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ives |first=Ronald L. |date=1948 |title=The Sonoran Census of 1730 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44210049 |journal=Records of the American Catholic Historical Society of Philadelphia |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=319–339 |jstor=44210049 |issn=0002-7790}}</ref> |- |San Antonio (Paduano) de(l) Oquitoa |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=30_44_37_N_111_44_5_W 30.74371, -111.73494] |1690 |Founded by Father Eusebio Kino as a visita to Mission San Pedro y San Pablo del Tubutama. In 1756 it was a visita of Mission Santa Teresa de Atil. |<ref name=":23" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=San Antonio Paduano del Oquitoa – Tumacácori National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/san-antonio-paduano-del-oquitoa.htm |access-date=2024-10-02 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |Santa Teresa de Atil | | |1692 |It served Mission San Pedro y San Pablo del Tubutama. | |- |San Diego del Pitiquito |thumb |[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=30_40_30_N_112_3_27_W 30.67504, -112.05761] |1694 |It served Mission La Purísima Concepción de Nuestra Señora de Caborca. |<ref name=":23" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=San Diego del Pitiquito – Tumacácori National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/san-diego-del-pitiquito.htm |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |San Lázaro | | |1695 |It served Mission Santa María Suamca. |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Santa María Suamca – Tumacácori National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/sta-maria-suamca.htm |access-date=2024-10-23 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":24" /> |- |San Luis Baconacos | | |1697 |At various times, it served Mission Los Santos Ángeles de Guevavi. Originally, Father Eusebio Kino founded a ranch here, and by 1706 its church was built. |<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=171 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |Santa María de Bugota/Santa María de Suamca | | |1698 |It served Mission Nuestra Señora del Pilar y Santiago de Cocóspera. Founded by Father Eusebio Kino. He said the first mass there in 1698, but the actual church was built in 1706. |<ref name=":18">{{Cite journal |last=Eckhart |first=George B. |date=1960 |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614–1826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |journal=Arizona and the West |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=172 |jstor=40167019 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> |- |San Ambrosio del Busanic y Tucubavia | | |1698 |It served Mission Santa Gertrudis del Sáric. |<ref name=":18" /> |- |San Bernardo de Aquimuri | | |Between 1700-1701 |Founded by Father Eusebio Kino. It served Mission Santa Gertrudis del Sáric. By 1706, a church was built here, and stood till at least 1772. |<ref name=":16" /> |- |San Ildefonso de Ostimuri | | | |It served Mission Santa Rosalia de Onapa. |<ref name=":23" /> |}

==See also== * Estancia – Spanish colonial ranch * Reductions

==References== {{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Asistencias In California}} X .A