Triploid block

{{Short description|Formation of nonviable progeny after hybridization of flowering plants}} '''Triploid block''' is a phenomenon describing the formation of nonviable progeny after hybridization of flowering plants that differ in ploidy. The barrier is established in the endosperm, a nutritive tissue in the seed supporting embryo growth.<ref name=Kohler>{{cite journal|last1=Köhler|first1=C|last2=Mittelsten Scheid|first2=O|last3=Erilova|first3=A|title=The impact of the triploid block on the origin and evolution of polyploid plants |journal=Trends in Genetics |date=Mar 2010 |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=142–8 |pmid=20089326 |doi=10.1016/j.tig.2009.12.006}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Marks|first1=G. E. |title=The Origin and Significance of Intraspecific Polyploidy: Experimental Evidence from ''Solanum chacoense'' |journal=Evolution |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=552–557 |doi=10.2307/2406589 |pmid=28562905 |year=1966 |jstor=2406589 }}</ref> This phenomenon usually happens when autopolyploidy occurs in diploid plants. Triploid blocks lead to reproductive isolation. The triploid block effects have been described as possibly due to genomic imprinting in the endosperm, where the dosage of maternal and paternal genomes can result in failure of endosperm development.<ref name=Kohler/> Triploid block can be partially overcome by chemical treatment with 5-Azacytidine.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Huc |first1=Jonathan |last2=Dziasek |first2=Katarzyna |last3=Pachamuthu |first3=Kannan |last4=Woh |first4=Tristan |last5=Köhler |first5=Claudia |last6=Borges |first6=Filipe |date=2022-03-04 |title=Bypassing reproductive barriers in hybrid seeds using chemically induced epimutagenesis |journal=The Plant Cell |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=989–1001 |doi=10.1093/plcell/koab284 |issn=1532-298X |pmc=8894923 |pmid=34792584}}</ref>

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Category:Botany Category:Evolution