Split intersection

{{short description|Type of road intersection}} thumb|Split intersection A '''split intersection''' is a rarely-built at-grade variant of the diamond interchange.<ref>{{cite magazine |first1 =Joe G. |last1 = Bared |first2 = Evangelos I. |last2 = Kaiser |name-list-style = amp |url = https://highways.dot.gov/public-roads/mayjune-2000/advantages-split-intersection |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211207063458/https://highways.dot.gov/public-roads/mayjune-2000/advantages-split-intersection |url-status = dead |archive-date = December 7, 2021 |title = Advantages of The Split Intersection |magazine = Public Roads |publisher = Federal Highway Administration |volume = 63 |issue = 6 |date = June 2000 }}</ref> Compared to a conventional four-leg intersection or road crossing, the arterial road is split into separate carriageways by {{convert|200|to|300|ft|m}}, which allows a queue of left turning vehicles behind a completed turn into the crossroad without any conflict to oncoming traffic. On the crossroad, the four-leg intersection is replaced by two intersections.

The beginning of one-way traffic at the fourth leg makes the intersections reduce the number of conflicts, similarly to a three-leg T-intersection, to improve traffic flow.<ref>{{cite magazine |first1 = Joe |last1 = Bared |first2 = Evangelos |last2 = Kaiser |name-list-style = amp |year = 2000 |url = http://trrjournalonline.trb.org/doi/10.3141/1737-05 |title = Benefits of Split Intersections |magazine = Journal of the Transportation Research Board |publisher = Transportation Research Board |volume = 1797 |pages = 34–41 |doi = 10.3141/1737-05 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1 = Lee A. |last1 = Rodegerdts |first2 = Brandon |last2 = Nevers |first3 = Bruce |last3 = Robinson |first4 = John |last4 = Ringert |first5 = Peter |last5 = Koonce |first6 = Justin |last6 = Bansen |first7 = Tina |last7 = Nguyen |first8 = John |last8 = McGill |first9 = Del |last9 = Stewart |first10 = Jeff |last10 = Suggett |first11 = Tim |last11= Neuman |first12 = Nick |last12 = Antonucci |first13= Kelly |last13 = Hardy |first14 = Ken |last14 = Courage |name-list-style = amp |publisher = Federal Highway Administration |chapter-url = https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/04091/10.cfm#c1031 |title = Signalized Intersections: Informational Guide |chapter = Chapter 10.3.1 |id = FHWA-HRT-04-091 |year = 2004 }} ([https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/04091/04091.pdf PDF])</ref>

==Existing examples== * At Legacy Drive and Preston Road, Plano, Texas, with Texas U-turn lanes, {{coord|33.070835|N|96.796246|W|}} * At New Dallas Highway (US-77) and E. Industrial Boulevard TX-340 in Lacy Lakeview, Texas, {{coord|31.605353|N|97.110952|W|}} * At Stock Road and Winterfold Road in Perth, Australia * It is the most common intersection design on Utah State Route 85, also called Mountain View Corridor. They are planned to be later converted, mostly into diamond interchanges, by adding a bridge in the middle. * At Sarcee Trail and Richmond Road, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, {{coord|51.018046|N|114.165263|W|}} * Four intersections along Terwillegar Drive in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada *Four intersections along Manning Drive in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada * Lake Woodlands Drive at Grogans Mill Road in The Woodlands, Texas; {{coord|30.165692|N|95.466449|W|}} * Along Highway 10 in Surrey, British Columbia, at the intersection with King George Boulevard; {{coord|49.1048703|N|122.8315582|W}} * At West Ridge Road (NY-104) and Long Pond Road, in Greece, New York. This intersection is also signed as a Truck U-Turn, as trucks wishing to access commercial property on the opposite side of the divided roadway are only permitted to perform U-Turns at intersections signed as such.

==Town center intersection== thumb|Town Center Intersection (TCI) A '''town center intersection''' (TCI) is similar to a split intersection; however, both the arterial road and the crossroad are split into separated one-way streets. The resulting grid, most often implemented in a city, reduces conflicts to two directions per intersection.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://innovativeintersections.org/place-making-innovative-intersections/town-center-intersections/|title=Town Center One-Way Couplets (Pt 1) | Place Making Alternative Intersections|work=Place-Making Intersections |date=4 February 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.alternativeintersections.org/intersections/show/type_id:2|title = See all Town Center Intersections}}</ref>

The TCI's grade-separated variant is the three-level diamond interchange.

===Examples===

* Grogans Mill Road at Research Forest Drive in The Woodlands, Texas; {{coord|30.176893|N|95.466073|W|}} * Springwoods Village Parkway at Holzwarth Road in Spring, Texas; {{coord|30.096443|N|95.451283|W|}} * San Elijo Road at Elfin Forest Road in San Marcos, California; {{coord|33.098444|N|117.199894|W|}} *170 Street and Stony Plain Road and 100 Ave in Edmonton, Alberta.

==References== {{Reflist}}

==Further reading== * [http://attap.umd.edu/2015/11/11/split-intersection/ Simulation of the Split Intersection], ATTAP, University of Maryland, 11 November 2015

==External links== *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RWIHiNKJ26c Animation of a town center intersection]

Category:Road junction types