{{Short description|Chemical compound}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}} {{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}} {{Infobox drug | verifiedrevid = 470610559 | image = Tinidazole.svg | image_class = skin-invert-image | width = 160 | alt = | image2 = Tinidazole ball-and-stick model from xtal 2020.png | image_class2 = bg-transparent | alt2 =
<!--Clinical data--> | tradename = Tindamax, others | Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|tinidazole}} | MedlinePlus = a604036 | DailyMedID = Tinidazole | pregnancy_AU = B3 | routes_of_administration = By mouth | ATC_prefix = J01 | ATC_suffix = XD02 | ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|G01|AF21}}, {{ATC|J01|RA11}}, {{ATC|J01|RA13}}, {{ATC|J01|RA18}}, {{ATC|P01|AB02}}, {{ATC|P01|AB53}}, {{ATCvet|P51|AA02}}
| legal_AU = S4 | legal_UK = POM | legal_US = Rx-only | legal_US_comment = <ref name="Tindamax FDA label">{{cite web | title=Tindamax- tinidazole tablet, film coated | website=DailyMed | date=27 December 2021 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a0d01539-8413-4703-94cc-d221918630a1 | access-date=15 September 2025}}</ref>
<!--Pharmacokinetic data--> | protein_bound = 12% | metabolism = Liver (CYP3A4) | elimination_half-life = 12–14 hours | excretion = Urine (20–25%), feces (12%)
<!--Identifiers--> | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CAS_number = 19387-91-8 | PubChem = 5479 | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = DB00911 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 5279 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = 033KF7V46H | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = D01426 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 1220 | NIAID_ChemDB = 007940
<!--Chemical data--> | IUPAC_name = 1-(2-ethylsulfonylethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole | C=8 | H=13 | N=3 | O=4 | S=1 | smiles = CCS(=O)(=O)CCN1C(=NC=C1[N+](=O)[O-])C | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C8H13N3O4S/c1-3-16(14,15)5-4-10-7(2)9-6-8(10)11(12)13/h6H,3-5H2,1-2H3 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = HJLSLZFTEKNLFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N }}
'''Tinidazole''', sold under the brand name '''Tindamax''' among others, is a medication used against infections caused by certain anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. It was developed in 1972 and is a prominent member of the nitroimidazole antibiotic class.<ref name=Ebel>{{cite book | vauthors = Ebel K, Koehler H, Gamer AO, Jäckh R | chapter = Imidazole and Derivatives. | title = In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry | date = 2002 | publisher = Wiley-VCH | doi = 10.1002/14356007.a13_661 | isbn = 3-527-30673-0 }}</ref>
Tinidazole is a therapeutic alternative on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO24th">{{cite book | title = The selection and use of essential medicines, 2025: WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, 24th list | year = 2025 | hdl = 10665/382243 | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | hdl-access=free }}</ref>
==Medical uses== Tinidazole is a narrow spectrum antimicrobial drug used to treat infections caused by ''Helicobacter pylori'', ''Entamoeba histolytica'', ''Giardia'' spp. and ''Trichomonas vaginalis''.<ref name="pmid8444678">{{cite journal | vauthors = Edwards DI | title = Nitroimidazole drugs--action and resistance mechanisms. I. Mechanisms of action | journal = The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy | volume = 31 | issue = 1 | pages = 9–20 | date = January 1993 | pmid = 8444678 | doi = 10.1093/jac/31.1.9 }}</ref>
== Side effects == Drinking alcohol while taking tinidazole causes an unpleasant disulfiram-like reaction, which includes nausea, vomiting, headache, increased blood pressure, flushing, and shortness of breath.{{medcn|date=December 2022}}
==Pharmacology==
===Pharmacokinetics=== Elimination half-life is 13.2 ± 1.4 hours. Plasma half-life is 12 to 14 hours.{{medcn|date=December 2022}}
==History== Tinidazole was approved for medical treatment in the United States in 2004.<ref name="Tindamax FDA label" /><ref>{{cite web | title=Drug Approval Package: Tindamax (Tinidazole) NDA #021618, 021681 & 021682 | website=U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) | url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2004/21-618_21-681_21-682_Tindamax.cfm | access-date=15 September 2025}}</ref>
==See also== * Fenticonazole nitrate/lidocaine/tinidazole
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Other antibacterials}} {{Gynecological anti-infectives and antiseptics}} {{Agents against amoebiasis and other protozoal diseases}} {{Excavata antiparasitics}} {{Agents against amoebozoa}} {{Portal bar | Medicine}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Antiprotozoal agents Category:Disulfiram-like drugs Category:Nitroimidazole antibiotics Category:Sulfones Category:World Health Organization essential medicines