{{Notability|date=September 2024}} {{chembox | verifiedrevid = | Name = Thorium(IV) hydroxide | ImageFile =Bottles of Thorium Hydroxide.jpg | ImageName = | IUPACName = Thorium(IV) hydroxide | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | EC_number = 237-522-5 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 145873 | PubChem = 166732 | CASNo = 13825-36-0 | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|PubChem}} | StdInChI=1S/4H2O.Th/h4*1H2;/q;;;;+4/p-4 | StdInChIKey = SFKTYEXKZXBQRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J | SMILES = [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Th+4] }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula =Th(OH)<sub>4</sub> | MolarMass = 300.07 | Appearance = white solid<ref name=zb /> }} | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | HPhrases = | PPhrases = | GHS_ref = }} | Section8 = {{Chembox Related | OtherAnions = thorium dioxide<br>thorium nitrate | OtherCations = cerium(IV) hydroxide }} }} '''Thorium(IV) hydroxide''' is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula Th(OH)<sub>4</sub>.
==Production== Thorium(IV) hydroxide can be produced by reacting alkali metal hydroxides like sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide and soluble thorium salts, such as thorium nitrate.<ref name=zb>《无机化合物制备手册》.朱文祥 主编.化学工业出版社. P<sub>143</sub>. 【III-251】氢氧化钍（thorium hydroxide）</ref><ref name="Solubility">{{cite journal |last1=Gayer |first1=K. H. |last2=Leider |first2=H. |title=The Solubility of Thorium Hydroxide in Solutions of Sodium Hydroxide and Perchloric Acid at 25° |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=1 Dec 1954 |volume=76 |issue=23 |pages=5938–5940 |doi=10.1021/ja01652a012}}</ref><ref name=Wickleder7077>Wickleder et al., pp. 70–7</ref>
==Reactions== New thorium(IV) hydroxide is soluble in acid but its solubility will decrease when older.<ref name=zb />
At above 470 °C, thorium(IV) hydroxide will continuously decompose and produce thorium dioxide:<ref name=Wickleder7077>Wickleder et al., pp. 70–7</ref> :Th(OH)<sub>4</sub> → ThO<sub>2</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O
Thorium(IV) hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide gas. Under ambient conditions this produces the hydrated oxide carbonate ThOCO<sub>3</sub>·''x''H<sub>2</sub>O, and under higher pressure this produces thorium carbonate hemihydrate (Th(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·½H<sub>2</sub>O).<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie|volume=462|issue=1|language=de|issn=0044-2313|date=March 1980|pages=185–198|doi=10.1002/zaac.19804620121|url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/zaac.19804620121|title=Hochdrucksynthesen einiger Carbonate mit überkritischem CO<sub>2</sub>|accessdate=2019-11-23|author=H. Ehrhardt, H. Seidel, H. Schweer|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=Wickleder7077 /><ref name=Wickleder101115>Wickleder et al., pp. 101–115</ref>
==References== {{reflist}} {{Thorium compounds}} {{hydroxides}}
==Bibliography== * {{cite book|last1 = Wickleder|first1 = Mathias S.|first2 = Blandine|last2 = Fourest|first3 = Peter K.|last3 = Dorhout|ref = Wickleder et al.|contribution = Thorium|title = The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements|editor1-first = Lester R.|editor1-last = Morss|editor2-first = Norman M.|editor2-last = Edelstein|editor3-first = Jean|editor3-last = Fuger|edition = 3rd|date = 2006|volume = 3|publisher = Springer|location = Dordrecht, the Netherlands|pages = 52–160|url = http://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch710/files/thorium.pdf|doi = 10.1007/1-4020-3598-5_3| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5 |url-status = dead|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160307160941/http://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch710/files/Thorium.pdf|archivedate = 2016-03-07}}
Category:Hydroxides Category:Thorium(IV) compounds