{{Short description|Parvorder of birds}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Sylvia atricapilla male 2.jpg | image_caption = Blackcap (''Sylvia atricapilla'') | display_parents = 2 | taxon = Sylviida | authority = | subdivision_ranks = Families | subdivision = See text | synonyms = Zosteropoidea }}
'''Sylviida''' is a parvorder of passerine birds, one of at least three major clades within the Passerides along with the Muscicapida and Passerida. It contains about 1300 species including the Old World warblers, Old World babblers, swallows, larks and bulbuls. Members of the clade are found worldwide, but fewer species are present in the Americas.
==Systematics== The superfamily Sylvioidea was first proposed in 1990 in the Sibley–Ahlquist taxonomy of birds based on DNA–DNA hybridization experiments.<ref>{{ cite book | last1=Sibley | first1=C.G. | author1-link=Charles Sibley | last2=Ahlquist | first2=J.E. | author2-link=Jon Edward Ahlquist | year=1990 | title=Phylogeny and Classification of Birds. A Study in Molecular Evolution | publisher=Yale University Press | place=New Haven and London}}</ref> More recent studies based on comparison of DNA sequences have failed to support the inclusion of some families such as Certhiidae (treecreepers), Sittidae (nuthatches), Paridae (tits and chickadees) and Regulidae (goldcrests and kinglets) but instead support the addition of Alaudidae (larks).<ref>{{cite journal| last1=Alström | first1=Per | last2=Ericson | first2=Per G.P. | last3=Olsson | first3=Urban | last4=Sundberg | first4=Per | year=2006 | title=Phylogeny and classification of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=38 | issue=2 | pages=381–397 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.015 | pmid=16054402}}</ref>
Some of the families within the Sylvioidea have been greatly redefined. In particular, the Old World warbler family Sylviidae and Old World babbler family Timaliidae were used as wastebin taxa and included many species which have turned out not to be closely related. Several new families have been created and some species have been moved from one family to another.<ref name=TiF>Boyd, John H. (2010): [http://jboyd.net/Taxo/List21.html Sylvioidea], ''[http://jboyd.net/Taxo/index.html Aves — A Taxonomy in Flux]''. Retrieved 2010-01-07.</ref>
===List of families=== This list of 25 families is based on the molecular phylogenetic study published by Silke Fregin and colleagues in 2012.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Fregin | first1=Silke | last2=Haase | first2=Martin | last3=Olsson | first3=Urban | last4=Alström | first4=Per | year=2012 | title=New insights into family relationships within the avian superfamily Sylvioidea (Passeriformes) based on seven molecular markers | journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology | volume=12 | issue=157 | pages=1–12 | doi=10.1186/1471-2148-12-157 | pmid=22920688 | pmc=3462691 | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1=Alström | first1= Per |first2= Urban|last2= Olsson|first3= Fumin|last3= Lei|year=2013 | title=A review of the recent advances in the systematics of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea | journal=Chinese Birds | volume=4 | issue=2 | pages=99–131 | url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266141539 |doi=10.5122/cbirds.2013.0016| doi-access=free }}</ref> and the revisions of the babbler group by Cai et al. (2019)<ref name="CaiCibois2019">{{cite journal|last1=Cai|first1=Tianlong|last2=Cibois|first2=Alice|last3=Alström|first3=Per|last4=Moyle|first4=Robert G.|last5=Kennedy|first5=Jonathan D.|last6=Shao|first6=Shimiao|last7=Zhang|first7=Ruiying|last8=Irestedt|first8=Martin|last9=Ericson|first9=Per G.P.|last10=Gelang|first10=Magnus|last11=Qu|first11=Yanhua|last12=Lei|first12=Fumin|last13=Fjeldså|first13=Jon|title=Near-complete phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the world's babblers (Aves: Passeriformes)|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=130|year=2019|pages=346–356|issn=1055-7903|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.010|pmid=30321696|doi-access=free}}</ref> The family sequence and number of species is from the online list of world birds maintained by Frank Gill and David Donsker on behalf of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC).<ref name=ioc10.2>{{BioRef|IOC | title=Family index 10.2 |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/classification/family-index/ |access-date=25 July 2020}}</ref>
* Nicatoridae: nicators (3 species) * Panuridae: bearded reedling (1 species) * Alaudidae: larks (98 species) * Pycnonotidae: bulbuls (160 species) * Hirundinidae: swallows, martins (88 species) * Pnoepygidae: cupwings (5 species) * Macrosphenidae: crombecs, African warblers (18 species) * Cettiidae: ''Cettia'' bush warblers and allies (31 species) * Scotocercidae: streaked scrub warbler (1 species) * Erythrocercidae: yellow flycatchers (3 species) * Hyliidae: hylias (2 species)<ref name=IOC9.2>{{cite journal |editor-last1=Gill |editor-first=Frank B. |editor-first2=David B. |editor-last2=Donsker |year=2019 |title=Bushtits, leaf warblers, reed warblers |website=IOC World Bird List |version=9.2 |doi=10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2 |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/Family/Acrocephalidae |access-date=1 September 2019|doi-access=free }}</ref> * Aegithalidae: bushtits (13 species) * Phylloscopidae: leaf warblers and allies (80 species) * Acrocephalidae: reed warblers and allies (42 species) * Locustellidae: grassbirds and allies (67 species) * Donacobiidae: black-capped donacobius (1 species) * Bernieridae: Madagascan warblers (11 species) * Cisticolidae: cisticolas and allies (163 species) * Babbler group:<ref name="CaiCibois2019"/> ** Sylviidae: sylviid warblers (34 species) ** Paradoxornithidae: parrotbills (37 species) ** Zosteropidae: white-eyes (146 species) ** Timaliidae: babblers, scimitar babblers (57 species) ** Pellorneidae: fulvettas, ground babblers (65 species) ** Alcippeidae: Alcippe fulvettas (10 species) ** Leiothrichidae: laughingthrushes and allies (133 species)
==References== {{Reflist}}
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Category:Passeri Category:Extant Oligocene first appearances Category:Parvorders