Sweet lemon

[[File:(Citrus limetta) Mosambi at a market in Seethammadhara.jpg|thumb|The Limetta]]

[[File:Sweet limes of Salem.jpg|thumb|Sweet limes of Salem]]

[[File:Castello, collezione degli agrumi 02.jpg|thumb|upright|The Lumia]] {{see also|Lemonade fruit}} '''Sweet lemon''' and '''sweet lime''' refer to groups of citrus hybrids that contain low acid pulp and juice. They are hybrids often similar to non-sweet lemons or limes, but with less citron parentage.<ref name=gulsen>{{cite journal |url=http://journal.ashspublications.org/content/126/3/309.full.pdf |title=Lemons: Diversity and Relationships with Selected Citrus Genotypes as Measured with Nuclear Genome Markers |last1=Gulson |first1=O. |last2=Roose |first2=M. L. |journal=Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science |volume=126 |issue=3 |pages=309–317 |year=2001|doi=10.21273/JASHS.126.3.309|doi-access=free }}</ref> Sweet limes and lemons are not sharply separated: {{quote|The sweet lime, ''Citrus limettioides'' Tan. (syn. ''C. lumia'' Risso et Poit.), is often confused with the sweet lemon, ''C. limetta'' Tan., (q.v. under LEMON) which, in certain areas, is referred to as "sweet lime". In some of the literature, it is impossible to tell which fruit is under discussion.<ref>{{cite book |chapter-url=https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/sweet_lime.html |last= Morton |first=Julia F. |chapter=Sweet Lime |title=Fruits of Warm Climates |pages=175–176 |year=1987 |publisher=Florida Flair Books}}</ref>}}

The same plant may also be known by different names: {{quote|The Indian sweet lime is the ''mitha nimbu'' (numerous modifications and other local names) of India, the limûn helou or succari of Egypt, and the Palestine sweet lime (to distinguish it from the Millsweet and Tunisian limettas, commonly called sweet limes).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hodgson |first=Robert Willard |title=Horticultural Varieties of Citrus|journal=The Citrus Industry |volume=I |pages=431–459 |year=1967 |editor-last1=Reuther |editor-first1=W. |editor-last2=Webber |editor-first2=H. J. |editor-last3=Batchelor |editor-first3=L. D. |publisher=University of California, Berkeley}}</ref>}}

The sweet lemons and sweet limes are not derived from either lemons or the more common limes, nor do they represent a monophyletic grouping, having arisen from distinct citrus hybridizations.<ref name="limes and lemons">{{cite journal |title=Phylogenetic origin of limes and lemons revealed by cytoplasmic and nuclear markers |last1=Curk |first1=Franck |last2=Ollitrault |first2= Frédérique |last3=Garcia-Lor |first3= Andres |last4=Luro |first4=François |last5=Navarro |first5=Luis |last6=Ollitrault |first6=Patrick |journal=Annals of Botany |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=565–583 |year=2016 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcw005 |pmid=26944784 |pmc=4817432}}</ref> Plants and fruits with the common name sweet lemon or sweet lime include:

* ''Citrus limetta'', small and round like a common lime, with sweet juice, a citron/sour orange hybrid.<ref name="limes and lemons" /> * Lumia, a large dry citron-like fruit that is pear shaped and not necessarily sweet. This is itself a mixed group: one member has been found to have resulted from a lemon crossing with a citron/pomelo hybrid,<ref>{{cite journal|title=A nuclear phylogenetic analysis: SNPs, indels and SSRs deliver new insights into the relationships in the 'true citrus fruit trees' group (Citrinae, Rutaceae) and the origin of cultivated species |last1=Garcia-Lor |first1=Andres |last2=Curk |first2=Franck |last3=Snoussi-Trifa |first3=Hager |last4=Morillon |first4=Raphael |last5=Ancillo |first5=Gema |last6=Luro |first6=François |last7=Navarro |first7=Luis |last8=Ollitrault |first8=Patrick |journal=Annals of Botany |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=1–19 |year=2011 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcs227|pmid=23104641 |pmc=3523644}}</ref> a second member is a micrantha/citron mix.<ref name="limes and lemons" /> * Palestinian sweet lime, ''Citrus'' × ''latifolia'', mainly used as a rootstock, a citron/mandarin/pomelo hybrid.<ref name="limes and lemons" /> * Ujukitsu, ''Citrus ujukitsu'', or 'lemonade fruit', likely a tangelo, a Kishu mikan crossed with a pomelo-like fruit,<ref name=Shimizu>{{cite journal|last1=Shimizu |first1=Tokurou |last2=Kitajima |first2=Akira |last3=Nonaka |first3=Keisuke |last4=Yoshioka |first4=Terutaka |last5=Ohta |first5=Satoshi |last6=Goto |first6=Shingo |last7=Toyoda |first7=Atsushi |last8=Fujiyama |first8=Asao |last9=Mochizuki |first9=Takako |last10=Nagasaki |first10=Hideki |last11=Kaminuma |first11=Eli |last12=Nakamura |first12=Yasukazu |title=Hybrid Origins of Citrus Varieties Inferred from DNA Marker Analysis of Nuclear and Organelle Genomes |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=11 |issue=11 |article-number=e0166969 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0166969 |pmid=27902727 |pmc=5130255 |year=2016|bibcode=2016PLoSO..1166969S |doi-access=free }}</ref> produced by citrus pioneer Chōzaburō Tanaka.{{cn|date=December 2018}} * Lemu Shirin it is the sweet lemons of Iran and is made in Winter and is found in sweet lemon (lemu shirin) Tree.

==See also== * Citrus taxonomy * Lemonade fruit

==References== <references />