{{Short description|Hebrew cantillation mark}} {{italic title}} {{Hebrew cantillation|name_en=Sof passuk|name_he=סוֹף פָּסוּק|smbl=׃|smpl=הָאָֽרֶץ׃}} The '''''sof passuk''''' ({{langx|he|סוֹף פָּסוּק|sof pāsuq|end of verse}}) is the mark of Hebrew cantillation that occurs on the last word of every verse, or ''passuk'', in the Hebrew Bible. Some short verses contain only members of the ''sof passuk'' group. A ''sof passuk'' is preceded by the {{lang|he|rtl=yes|סילוק}} (''silluq)'' in the last word of the verse.
The conjunctive (''mesharet'') which precedes the sof pasuq is always a mercha. The last disjunctive (''mafsiq'') before it is always a tipcha, or eventually a etnachta.
In some rare cases<ref>Five in the whole tanakh: Leviticus 21:4, Numbers 15:21, Isaiah 8:17, Hosea 11:6 and I Chronicles 2:53</ref>, and only when the last disjunctive was an etnachta, the secondary stress of the ''sof passuk'' is replaced by a tipcha instead of the usual meteg, as in {{lang|he|לְדֹרֹ֖תֵיכֶֽם}} (Numbers 15:21). This combination is called ''me'ayelá'' ({{lang|he|מְאַיְלָא}} {{ipa|hbo|məʾēyəlā}}).
==Total occurrences== {| class="wikitable" !'''Book''' !Number of appearances |- |Torah |5,852<ref name=Price6>''Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1'', by James D. Price, page 6</ref> |- | Genesis |1,533<ref name=Price6/> |- | Exodus |1,213<ref name=Price6/> |- | Leviticus |859<ref name=Price6/> |- | Numbers |1,288<ref name=Price6/> |- | Deuteronomy |959<ref name=Price6/> |- |Nevi'im |4,975<ref name=Price5>''Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1'', by James D. Price, page 5</ref> |- |Ketuvim |3,599<ref name=Price5/> |}
==Melody== Different melodies are assigned to the trope for each section of the Hebrew Bible: The Torah, the Haftarah, and the Megillot. Different Jewish communities also use different Torah tropes. The following should not be considered an exhaustive list of all possible cantillations.{{Clarify|reason=For each of these cantillations, then, specify which tradition and which part of the Bible it belongs to.|date=October 2021}}
===Basic=== Appears at the end of a verse.
File:SofPassuk.jpg
===''Sof parasha''/''sof hachelek''=== Appears at the end of a ''parashah''.
File:SofParasha.jpg
==In the Ten Commandments== There is controversy over the use of the ''sof passuk'' during the reading of the Ten Commandments. There are two versions of the trope sounds for the Ten Commandments, one that divides them into 13 verses, based on the number of ''sof passuk'' notes, and the other that divides them into ten verses, the actual number of commandments. It is for this reason that not all commandments actually have a ''sof passuk'' at the end of their own names.<ref>''Essays on the writings of Abraham ibn Ezra'' by Michael Friedländer, Abraham ben Meïr Ibn Ezra, pages 113-14</ref>
==Other versions== ===Sof parasha=== The end of a single reading (''aliya'') which is chanted in a different melody, thereby giving the sound of finality to the reading.<ref>''Aspects of orality and formularity in Gregorian chant'' by Theodore Karp, page 25</ref> The tune for the end of the aliya can be applied to different verses based on different reading schedules, including the full parasha (on Shabbat during Shacharit in most synagogues), a partial reading (as is read on weekdays, Shabbat Mincha, and the selected readings of various holidays), or the Triennial cycle.
===Sof sefer=== At the conclusion to any ''sefer'' of the Torah, a special tune is used for the words ''"hazak hazak venithazek"'' after the reader finishes the book. These words are recited first by the congregation and then repeated by the reader.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mattrutta.blogspot.com/2006/07/dvar-torah-matot-masei.html|title = Rabbinic Rambling: DVAR TORAH: Matot-Masei|date = 21 July 2006}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| title=Hazak, Hazak, v'Nithazak | first=Nechama D. | last=Goldberg | url=https://www.rabbinicalassembly.org/sites/default/files/public/halakhah/teshuvot/19912000/goldberg_hazak.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906083808/http://www.rabbinicalassembly.org/sites/default/files/public/halakhah/teshuvot/19912000/goldberg_hazak.pdf | archive-date=2015-09-06}}</ref>
== Unicode == {|class="wikitable" |- !scope="col"|Glyph !scope="col"|Unicode<ref name="unicode">[https://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/5C3/index.htm Unicode Character 'HEBREW PUNCTUATION SOF PASUQ' (U+05C3)]</ref> !scope="col"|Name |׃ |align=center style="font-size:300%;line-height:normal;font-family:'Charis SIL','Doulos SIL',Gentium,GentiumAlt,'DejaVu Sans',Code2000,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode','Arial Unicode MS',Arial;"| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|׃}} | U+05C3 | HEBREW PUNCTUATION SOF PASUQ |}
==References== {{reflist}}
{{Torah reading}}
Category:Cantillation marks