{{context|date=January 2018}} Given a size pair <math>(M,f)\ </math> where <math>M\ </math> is a manifold of dimension <math>n\ </math> and <math>f\ </math> is an arbitrary real continuous function defined on it, the <math>i</math>-th '''size functor''',<ref name="CaFePo01">{{cite journal | last1=Cagliari | first1=Francesca | last2=Ferri | first2=Massimo | last3=Pozzi | first3=Paola | title=Size functions from a categorical viewpoint | journal=Acta Applicandae Mathematicae | volume=67 | issue=3 | pages=225–235 | date=2001 | doi=10.1023/A:1011923819754 | doi-access=free}}</ref> with <math>i=0,\ldots,n\ </math>, denoted by <math>F_i\ </math>, is the functor in <math>Fun(\mathrm{Rord},\mathrm{Ab})\ </math>, where <math>\mathrm{Rord}\ </math> is the category of ordered real numbers, and <math>\mathrm{Ab}\ </math> is the category of Abelian groups, defined in the following way. For <math>x\le y\ </math>, setting <math>M_x=\{p\in M:f(p)\le x\}\ </math>, <math>M_y=\{p\in M:f(p)\le y\}\ </math>, <math>j_{xy}\ </math> equal to the inclusion from <math>M_x\ </math> into <math>M_y\ </math>, and <math> k_{xy}\ </math> equal to the morphism in <math>\mathrm{Rord}\ </math> from <math>x\ </math> to <math>y\ </math>,
* for each <math>x\in\R\ </math>, <math>F_i(x)=H_i(M_x);\ </math> * <math>F_i(k_{xy})=H_i(j_{xy}).\ </math>
In other words, the size functor studies the process of the birth and death of homology classes as the lower level set changes. When <math>M\ </math> is smooth and compact and <math>f\ </math> is a Morse function, the functor <math>F_0\ </math> can be described by oriented trees, called <math>H_0\ </math> − trees.
The concept of size functor was introduced as an extension to homology theory and category theory of the idea of size function. The main motivation for introducing the size functor originated by the observation that the size function <math>\ell_{(M,f)}(x, y)\ </math> can be seen as the rank of the image of <math>H_0(j_{xy}) : H_0(M_x) \rightarrow H_0(M_y)</math>.
The concept of size functor is strictly related to the concept of persistent homology group,<ref name="EdLeZo02">{{cite journal | last1=Edelsbrunner | first1=Herbert | authorlink1=Herbert Edelsbrunner | last2=Letscher | first2=David | last3=Zomorodian | first3=Afra | title=Topological Persistence and Simplification | journal=Discrete & Computational Geometry | volume=28 | issue=4 | pages=511–533 | date=2002 | doi=10.1007/s00454-002-2885-2 | doi-access=free}}</ref> studied in persistent homology. It is worth to point out that the <math>i\ </math>-th persistent homology group coincides with the image of the homomorphism <math>F_i(k_{xy})=H_i(j_{xy}): H_i(M_x) \rightarrow H_i(M_y)</math>.
==See also== * Size theory * Size function * Size homotopy group * Size pair
==References== {{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Size Functor}} Category:Algebraic topology Category:Category theory