Sclerometer

{{Short description|Instrument used to measure the hardness of a material}} {{hatnote|This article presently only relates to the Turner sclerometer for measuring the hardness of metals and minerals and not to the Schmidt sclerometer for determining the compressive strength of concrete. The objectives and operating principles of these two instruments are different (2019-12-31).}}

The '''sclerometer''', also known as the '''Turner-sclerometer''' (from {{langx|grc|σκληρός}} meaning "hard"), is an instrument used by metallurgists, material scientists and mineralogists to measure the scratch hardness of materials. It was invented in 1896 by Thomas Turner (1861–1951), the first Professor of metallurgy in Britain, at the University of Birmingham.

The Turner-Sclerometer test consists of measuring the amount of load required to make a scratch.<ref name="Bolton">{{cite book |title=Materials for Engineers and Technicians |last1=Bolton |first1=William | last2 = Higgins| first2 = R.A.|publisher= Routledge |year=2014 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zmWvBAAAQBAJ&q=Turner-sclerometer |page=37|isbn=978-1-317-67613-3 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite book | title = Machinery's Handbook 6th edition}}</ref> In test a weighted diamond point is drawn, once forward and once backward, over the smooth surface of the material to be tested. The hardness number is the weight in grams required to produce a standard scratch. The scratch selected is one which is just visible to the naked eye as a dark line on a bright reflecting surface. It is also the scratch which can just be felt with the edge of a quill when the latter is drawn over the smooth surface at right angles to a series of such scratches produced by regularly increasing weights. ==See also== * {{annotated link|Hardness}} * {{annotated link|Scleroscope}} * {{annotated link|Tribometer}}

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== *[http://www7.taosnet.com/ebear/metal/hardness.html Testing the Hardness of Metals] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717041240/http://www7.taosnet.com/ebear/metal/hardness.html |date=2012-07-17 }} *{{Cite web|last=Albrecht|first=Erik Bear|date=2001-08-03|title=Testing the Hardness of Metals|url=http://www7.taosnet.com/ebear/metal/hardness.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010803145301/http://www7.taosnet.com/ebear/metal/hardness.html|archive-date=2001-08-03|access-date=2022-01-13}}{{rs|date=January 2022}} *{{Cite book|last1=Oberg|first1=Erik|url=http://archive.org/details/machineryshandbo00indu|title=Machinery's Handbook|last2=Jones|first2=Franklin D.|date=1924|publisher=Industrial Press|edition=Sixth|location=New York|pages=1322–1326|chapter=Testing the Hardness of Metals|author-link2=Franklin D. Jones}}

Category:Concrete Category:Hardness instruments Category:Metallurgy Category:Mineralogy