{{chembox | Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 434318219 | ImageFile=Sclareol.svg | ImageSize=200px | IUPACName=Labd-14-ene-8,13-diol | SystematicName=(1''R'',2''R'',4a''S'',8a''S'')-1-[(3''R'')-3-Hydroxy-3-methylpent-4-en-1-yl]-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyldecahydronaphthalen-2-ol | OtherNames= |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CASNo=515-03-7 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = B607NP0Q8Y | PubChem=163263 | SMILES=CC1(C)CCC[C@@]2(C)[C@@]1([H])CC[C@@](C)(O)[C@@H]2CC[C@](O)(C)C=C | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 143282 | InChI = 1/C20H36O2/c1-7-18(4,21)13-9-16-19(5)12-8-11-17(2,3)15(19)10-14-20(16,6)22/h7,15-16,21-22H,1,8-14H2,2-6H3/t15-,16+,18-,19-,20+/m0/s1 | InChIKey = XVULBTBTFGYVRC-HHUCQEJWBX | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C20H36O2/c1-7-18(4,21)13-9-16-19(5)12-8-11-17(2,3)15(19)10-14-20(16,6)22/h7,15-16,21-22H,1,8-14H2,2-6H3/t15-,16+,18-,19-,20+/m0/s1 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = XVULBTBTFGYVRC-HHUCQEJWSA-N | RTECS = | MeSHName = | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} | ChEBI = 9053 | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}} | KEGG = C09183 }} |Section2={{Chembox Properties | C=20 | H=36 | O=2 | Appearance= | Density= | MeltingPtC= 95.6 to 98.7 | BoilingPt= | Solubility= }} |Section3={{Chembox Hazards | MainHazards= | FlashPt= | AutoignitionPt = }} }}
'''Sclareol''' is a fragrant chemical compound found in ''Salvia sclarea'', from which it derives its name.<ref name="caniard">{{cite journal |vauthors=Caniard A, Zerbe P, Legrand S, Cohade A, Valot N, Magnard JL, Bohlmann J, Legendre L |title=Discovery and functional characterization of two diterpene synthases for sclareol biosynthesis in ''Salvia sclarea'' (L.) and their relevance for perfume manufacture |journal=BMC Plant Biology |volume=12 |issue= |pages=119 |date=July 2012 |pmid=22834731 |pmc=3520730 |doi=10.1186/1471-2229-12-119|doi-access=free}}</ref> It is classified as a bicyclic diterpene alcohol having roles in plant growth, development, defense, and attraction of pollinators.<ref name=caniard/><ref name="chalvin">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chalvin C, Drevensek S, Gilard F, Mauve C, Chollet C, Morin H, Nicol E, Héripré E, Kriegshauser L, Gakière B, Dron M, Bendahmane A, Boualem A|display-authors=3 |title=Sclareol and linalyl acetate are produced by glandular trichomes through the MEP pathway |journal=Horticulture Research |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=206 |date=October 2021 |pmid=34593779 |pmc=8484277 |doi=10.1038/s41438-021-00640-w}}</ref>
It is an amber-colored solid with a sweet, herbaceous, balsamic scent used as a fragrance in perfume manufacturing, and as a flavoring agent.<ref name=caniard/><ref name="pubchem">{{cite web |title=Sclareol |url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/163263 |publisher=PubChem, US National Library of Medicine |access-date=1 October 2025 |date=27 September 2025}}</ref> Sclareol is the most common starting material for manufacturing ambroxide (tradenames, ''Ambrox'' or ''Ambroxan''), which is used as a fixative in commercial perfumes.<ref name=caniard/>
Sclareol is also extracted from the flowers of ''Cistus creticus'', ''Nicotiana glutinosa'', and ''Cleome spinosa''.<ref name=caniard/>
==Plant synthesis and function== Sclareol is mainly produced in the glandular trichomes of sage flower calyces.<ref name=chalvin/> It is formed via a methylerythritol-phosphate biosynthetic pathway.<ref name=chalvin/>
As a diterpene, sclareol is among thousands of natural compounds existing in plants with roles in plant growth, development, and interactions with other organisms, such as attraction of pollinators or defense against pathogens and pests.<ref name=caniard/><ref name=chalvin/>
==Manufacturing== Sclareol is a component of ''Salvia'' plants spread widely around the world, particularly in the Mediterranean basin and Western Asia where the plants and sclareol are harvested and exploited for their earthy aromatic properties.<ref name=chalvin/>
Sclareol is extracted by steam distillation of fresh flowers, then purified by further extraction using an organic solvent.<ref name=chalvin/> Sclareol is applied in the commercial synthesis of ambroxide.<ref name=caniard/><ref name=chalvin/>
As of 2021, genetic enhancement of plants producing sclareol was under study for improving yields in fragrance and flavor manufacturing.<ref name=chalvin/>
==References== {{reflist}}
Category:Diols Category:Diterpenes Category:Vinyl compounds Category:Decalins