{{Short description|Unit of currency}} {{Hatnote group| {{About-distinguish|the currency unit generically|Rubble}} {{For-multi|the Russian currency specifically|Russian ruble|other uses}} }} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}} [[File:5000 rubles obverse 2023.jpg|thumb|5,000 Russian rubles of the 2023 series, the highest available nominal in circulation]] [[File:500 Belarus 2009 front.jpg|thumb|500 Belarusian rubles of the 2009 series, the highest available nominal in circulation, though it is rarely seen]]
The '''ruble''' or '''rouble''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|uː|b|əl}}; {{lang-rus|рубль|p=rublʲ}}) is a currency unit. Currently, currencies named ''ruble'' in circulation include the Russian ruble (RUB, ₽) in Russia and the Belarusian ruble (BYN, Rbl) in Belarus. These currencies are subdivided into one hundred kopeks. No kopek is currently formally subdivided, although ''denga'' (½ kopek) and ''polushka'' (½ denga, thus ¼ kopek) were minted until the 19th century. Additionally, the Transnistrian ruble is used in Transnistria, an unrecognized breakaway province of Moldova.
Historically, the grivna, ruble and denga were used in Russia as measurements of weight. In 1704, as a result of monetary reforms by Peter the Great, the imperial ruble of the Russian Empire became the first decimal currency. The silver ruble was used until 1897 and the gold ruble was used until 1917. The Soviet ruble officially replaced the imperial ruble in 1922 and continued to be used until 1993, when it was formally replaced with the Russian ruble in the Russian Federation and by other currencies in other post-Soviet states. In the past, several other countries influenced by the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union had currency units that were also named ''ruble'', including the Latvian ruble, Tajikistani ruble and Transcaucasian ruble (later Armenian ruble, Azerbaijani ruble, Georgian ruble).
== Countries and territories currently using currency units named "ruble" ==
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi" |- ! Currency ! Current users ! ISO 4217 code |- | Russian ruble | {{flag|Russian Federation}} (1992–present)<br />''{{flag|Abkhazia}} (2008–present)''<br />''{{flag|South Ossetia}} (2008–present)'' | RUB (1998–present)<ref>{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 97 - 1997-12-19 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_97.pdf}}</ref><br />RUR (1992–1997)<ref name="ISO50"/> |- | Belarusian ruble | {{flag|Belarus}} (1994–present) | BYN (2016–present)<ref>{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 161 - 2015-12-18 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_161.pdf}}</ref><br />BYR (2000–2016)<ref>{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 106 - 1999-12-10 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_106.pdf}}</ref><br />BYB (1994–2000)<ref name="ISO77"/> |- | Transnistrian ruble | ''{{flag|Transnistria}} (1994–present)'' | - |}
== Countries and territories historically using currency units named "ruble" ==
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi" |- ! Currency ! Historical users ! ISO 4217<br />code ! Replaced ! Replaced by |- | Russian ruble | Principality of Moscow ({{circa}} 1300–1547)<br />{{flag|Tsardom of Russia}} (1547–1721)<br />{{flag|Russian Empire}} (1721–1917)<br />{{flag|Russian SFSR}} (1917–1922)<br />{{KGZ}} (1992–1993)<ref name="ISO61">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 61 - 1993-07-27 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_61.pdf}}</ref><br />{{MDA}} (1992–1993)<ref name="ISO69">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 69 - 1993-12-03 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_69.pdf}}</ref><br />{{flag|Turkmenistan|1992}} (1992–1993)<ref name="ISO64">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 64 - 1993-09-21 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_64.pdf}}</ref><br />{{ARM}} (1992–1994)<ref name="ISO78">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 78 - 1994-10-04 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_78.pdf}}</ref><br />{{AZE}} (1992–1994)<ref name="ISO78"/><br />{{flag|Belarus|1991}} (1992–1994)<ref name="ISO77">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 77 - 1994-07-20 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_77.pdf}}</ref><br />{{flag|Georgia|1990}} (1992–1994)<ref name="ISO71">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 71 - 1994-04-14 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_71.pdf}}</ref><br />{{KAZ}} (1992–1994)<ref name="ISO72">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 72 - 1994-05-17 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_72.pdf}}</ref><br />{{UZB}} (1992–1994)<ref name="ISO76">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 76 - 1994-07-12 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_76.pdf}}</ref><br />{{TJK}} (1992–1995)<ref name="ISO84">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 84 - 1995-07-12 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_84.pdf}}</ref> | RUR<ref name="ISO50"/> | Grivna,<br />Denga,<br />Soviet ruble | Soviet ruble<br />(1922–1992) |- | Transcaucasian ruble<br/>(Armenian ruble,<br/>Azerbaijani ruble,<br/>Georgian ruble) | Transcaucasian DFR (1918)<br />{{flag|First Republic of Armenia}} (1918–1920)<br />{{flag|Azerbaijan Democratic Republic}} (1918–1920)<br />{{flag|Democratic Republic of Georgia}} (1918–1921)<br />{{flag|Transcaucasian SFSR}} (1922–1924) | - | Russian ruble | Soviet ruble |- | Soviet ruble | {{flag|Soviet Union}} (1922–1992) | SUR | Russian ruble | Russian ruble,<ref name="ISO50">{{citation |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 50 - 1992-12-10 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_50.pdf}}</ref><ref name="ISO54">{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 54 - 1993-03-08 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_54.pdf}}</ref><ref name="IMF01">[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2001/wp01101.pdf ''John Odling-Smee, Gonzalo Pastor.'' The IMF and the Ruble Area, 1991—1993 // IMF Working Paper, 2001] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924145510/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2001/wp01101.pdf |date=2015-09-24}}</ref><br />Estonian kroon,<ref>{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 46 - 1992-07-23 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_46.pdf}}</ref><br />Latvian ruble,<ref>{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 48 - 1992-10-29 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_48.pdf}}</ref><br />Lithuanian talonas,<ref name="ISO50"/><br />Ukrainian karbovanets<ref name="ISO50"/> |- | Latvian ruble | {{flag|Latvia}} (1992–1993) | LVR | Soviet ruble | Latvian lats |- | Tajikistani ruble | {{flag|Tajikistan}} (1995–2000) | TJR | Russian ruble<ref name="ISO84"/> | Tajikistani somoni<ref>{{cite web |title=ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 110 - 2000-11-02 |url=https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_110.pdf}}</ref> |}
==See also== * List of circulating currencies * Currency union
==External links== {{Wiktionary|ruble|rouble}} * {{cite web |url= http://www.historicalstatistics.org/Currencyconverter.html |title= Historical Currency Converter |first= Rodney |last= Edvinsson |department= Economic history |website= Historical Statistics |location= Stockholm University |date= Jan 10, 2016 }} <!-- |author-link= http://www.swedishcollegium.se/subfolders/Fellows/Profutura/Rodney_Edvinsson.html -->
==References== {{Reflist}} {{Ruble}} {{Portal bar|Numismatics|Money}}
Category:Currencies of Russia Category:Denominations (currency) Category:Modern obsolete currencies Category:Numismatics