{{Short description|Moroccan dish}} {{Italic title}}{{Infobox food | name = Rfissa | image = Rfissa marocaine.jpg | caption = | alternate_name = | country = Morocco | region = | creator = | course = | type = Tharid | served = | main_ingredient = msemmen, chicken, lentils, fenugreek, ras el-hanout | variations = | calories = 901<ref name="myfitnesspal.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.myfitnesspal.com/food/calories/moroccan-dish-rfissa-108702956|title=Calories in Moroccan Dish Rfissa - Calories and Nutrition Facts - MyFitnessPal.com|website=www.myfitnesspal.com|access-date=2014-09-11|archive-date=2017-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425040209/http://www.myfitnesspal.com/food/calories/moroccan-dish-rfissa-108702956|url-status=dead}}</ref> | other = Sodium 1,437 mg, protein 37 g, vitamin A 6%, calcium 7%, vitamin C 12%, iron 50% <ref name="myfitnesspal.com"/> }}
'''''Rfissa'''''{{Efn|{{langx|ar|رفيسة}}<br>{{langx|zgh|ⵔⵔⴼⵉⵙⴰ}}<ref>https://maroc.ma/amz/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%99%E2%B4%B0-%E2%B5%8F-%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B7%E2%B4%B0-%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E/%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99%E2%B4%B0</ref>}} is a Moroccan dish that is served during various traditional celebrations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.themoroccanfood.com/recipe/moroccan-chicken-rfissa/|title=Rfissa Moroccan Chicken With Lentils) Recipe - Food.com|date=16 May 2023 |publisher=}}</ref>
It traditionally includes chicken, lentils, fenugreek seeds (''helba'' in Arabic), msemmen, meloui or day-old bread, and the spice blend ras el-hanout.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://moroccanfood.about.com/od/maindishes/r/Rfisa.htm|title=Rfissa Recipe - Moroccan Chicken and Lentils Over Shredded Pastry|publisher=|access-date=2014-09-11|archive-date=2016-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161210183448/http://moroccanfood.about.com/od/maindishes/r/Rfisa.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
It is traditional to serve ''rfissa'' to a woman who has just given birth, as fenugreek is purported to be beneficial for women that are recovering from childbirth.<ref name=":0" />
''Rfissa'' is derived from ''tharid'' ({{Lang|ar|ثريد}}), a traditional Arab dish said to have been the Prophet Muhammad's favorite dish.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://legation.ipower.com/blog/?p=1894|title=Anny Gaul: "The Cuisine of the City of Tetouan"|last=Jamal|first=Ayoub El|date=2018-12-18|website=Tangier American Legation|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-07}}</ref> The name ''rfissa'' goes back to the medieval ''rafis'' meaning dough kneaded with butter and dusted with sugar.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Al-Tujībī |first=Ibn Razīn |author-link=Ibn Razīn al-Tujībī |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Exile_s_Cookbook/51XOEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Rfissa&pg=PT36&printsec=frontcover |title=The Exile's Cookbook: Medieval Gastronomic Treasures from al-Andalus and North Africa |date=2023-08-08 |publisher=Saqi Books |isbn=978-0-86356-997-5 |language=en |translator-last=Newman |translator-first=Daniel L |translator-link=Daniel Newman (academic)}}</ref>
This dish did not appear in Moroccan cookbooks until the 1990s.<ref name=":0" /> The cultural historian Anny Gaul suggests that this might be due to the fact that ''rfissa'' is related to rural culinary traditions, whereas the people writing cookbooks for a long time were mostly Fessi elites.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Idrissi|first=Abdelbaar Mounadi|date=2018-12-18|title=Anny Gaul: "The Cuisine of the City of Tetouan"|url=https://legation.org/anny-gaul-the-cuisine-of-the-city-of-tetouan/|access-date=2021-10-28|website=Tangier American Legation Museum|language=en-US}}</ref>
== See also == * Couscous * Tajine
== References == {{reflist|30em}} {{Notelist}} {{Cuisine of Morocco}} {{Portal bar|food|Morocco|Africa}}
Category:Arab cuisine Category:Moroccan cuisine
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