{{short description|None}} {{Cleanup|reason=The melee/ranged dichotomy used here is only relevant in gaming and needs to be removed.|date=January 2025}}
This is a list of notable types of weapons that were used in warfare, and more broadly in combat, prior to the advent of the early modern period, i.e., approximately prior to the start of the 16th century. It therefore excludes objects that may be broadly understood as weapons but are not combat weapons, such as ceremonial weapons and ritual tools shaped or conceptualized as weapons, hunting weapons, and other items that may be perceived as weapons but for which there is no historical evidence of their use in combat during the relevant period.
The entries are grouped according to their uses, with similar weapons categorized together. Some weapons may fit more than one category (e.g. the spear may be used either as a polearm or as a projectile), and the earliest gunpowder weapons that fill within this period are also included.
==Hand-to-hand combat== {{redirect|Melee weapon|the concept|melee}} ===Hand or fist weapons and fans=== Single-handed weapons not resembling a straight dagger blade, usually wielded without wrist action; often protects the forearm. {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Bagh nakh, tiger claws (Indian) * Brass knuckles, knuckle dusters (European) * Cestus, bladed cestus, caestus, myrmex, sfere (Mediterranean) * Deer horn knives (Chinese) * Emeici (Chinese) * Finger knife<ref name="weapon">{{cite book |title=Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor |editor=Regan, Paula |year=2006 |isbn=0-7566-2210-7 | publisher=DK Publishing |location=New York}}</ref> (African) * Gauntlet (European) * Indian parrying weapon<ref name="weapon"/> * Japanese fan, iron fan, Tekkō * Katar, suwaiya (कटार) (Indian) * Korean fan, mubuchae (무부채), tempered birch fan * Larim fighting bracelet, nyepel<ref name="weapon"/> (African) * Maduvu, buckhorn parrying stick, maru<ref name="weapon"/> (Indian) * Pata, sword gauntlet (Indian) * Push dagger, also see Katar (dagger) (Indian) * Tekko, tekko kagi (Japanese) * Wind and fire wheels (Chinese) * Moche tiger claw (Peru) {{div col end}}
==={{anchor|Swords and bladed_weapons}} Edged and bladed weapons=== {{main|Edged and bladed weapons}} Thrusting and cutting weapons for melee combat. Col. D.H. Gordon's classification has been used where applicable.<ref name="hiltweapons"/><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gordon |first=Col. D.H. |title=Swords, Rapiers and Horse riders |journal=Antiquity |volume=27 |issue=106 |pages=67–76 |publisher=Antiquity Publications Ltd |year=1953 |doi=10.1017/S0003598X00024595 |s2cid=163326613 |url=http://antiquity.ac.uk/ant/027/Ant0270067.htm |url-access=subscription }}{{Dead link |date=March 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
====Swords==== {{Broader|Lists of swords}} {{see also|Types of swords|Classification of swords}}
=====Curved one-handed ===== {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Dao, beidao, zhibei dao (Chinese) * Dao (Northeast Indian) * Dha (Southeast Asian) * Falchion (European) * Hwando (Korean) * Kampilan (Philippinese, Southeast Asian) * Khopesh, sappara, sickle sword (Egyptian, Middle Eastern) * Kilij (North Indian, Middle Eastern) * Klewang (Southeast Asian) * Krabi (Southeast Asian) * Liuyedao (Chinese) * Mameluke (Middle Eastern) * Nimcha (African) * Parang Nabur (Bornean) * Piandao (Chinese) * Pulwar (Middle Eastern) * Scimitar, saif (Middle Eastern) * Shamshir (Pakistani, North Indian, Middle Eastern) * Shashka (Caucasian, Circassian) * Surik (Indonesian) * Talwar (Pakistani, North Indian, Middle Eastern) * Yanmaodao (Chinese) {{div col end}}
=====Straight one-handed ===== {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Arming sword, war sword (European) * Backsword (European) * Chokutō (Japanese) * Estoc (European) * Firangi, firanghi<ref name="weapon"/> (Central Asian) * Flamberge (European) * Flyssa (North African) * Hwandudaedo (Korean) * Ida (West African) * Jian (Chinese) * Kampilan (Philippinese) * Kaskara (Central African) * Khanda (South Asian) * Moplah<ref name="weapon"/> (Southwestern Indian) * Patag (Bhutanese) * Rapier (European) * Saingeom (Korean) * Seax (European) * Side sword (European) * Sikin Panyang (Sumatran) * Spatha (Mediterranean, Greek) * Takoba (North African) * Tibetan Jian<ref name="weapon"/> (Middle Asian) * Tsurugi (Japanese) * Ulfberht (Frankish) {{div col end}}
=====Curved two-handed ===== {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Dōtanuki (Japanese) * Falx (European, Thraco-Dacian) * Katana (Japanese) * Miao dao (Chinese) * Nandao (Chinese) * Nihontō (Japanese) * Panabas (Philippinese) * Ssangsudo (Korean) * Tachi (Japanese) * Uchigatana (Japanese) {{div col end}}
=====Hand-and-a-half and two-handed greatswords===== {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Assamese dao<ref name="weapon"/> (Indian, Southeast Asian) * Boar sword<ref name="weapon"/> (European) * Changdao (Chinese) * Claidheamh da laimh, highland sword<ref name="weapon"/> (European) * Claymore, Scottish Gaelic for "great sword" (Scottish, European) * Dadao (Chinese) * Executioner's sword, heading sword, sword of justice (European) * Flame-bladed sword, flambard, flammard, flammenschwert (European) * Katana (Japanese) * Longsword, bastard sword, espée bastarde, hand and a half sword (European) * Nagamaki<ref name="Knives, swords 2">{{cite book |last1=Levine |first1=Bernard |last2=Weland |first2=Gerald |title=Knives, swords, & daggers |publisher=Barnes & Noble |location=New York |page=200 }}</ref> (Japanese) * Nodachi, Ōdachi (Japanese) * Parade sword, paratschwerter<ref name="weapon"/> (European) * Wodao (Chinese) * Zanbatō (Japanese) * Zhanmadao (Chinese) * Zweihänder, great sword, espadon, spadone, tuck, montante, lowland sword, two handed sword, dopplehänder (European) {{div col end}}
=====Shortswords===== Delineated as 20-28 inches/51–71 cm total length.<ref name="hiltweapons">{{cite book |title=Swords and Hilt Weapons |editor=Cope, Anne |year=1989 |isbn=1-55584-290-9 |publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson |location=New York |page=8 }}</ref>
Curved shortswords include the following: {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Aikuchi, haikuchi (Japanese) * Akrafena (West African) * Barong (Southeast Asian) * Janbiya, jambiya, jambya, jambia, janbia (Middle Eastern) * Khanjar (Middle Eastern) * Kodachi (Japanese) * Pinuti (Southeast Asian) * Shikomizue (Japanese) * Talibon (Southeast Asian) * Wakizashi (Japanese) {{div col end}}
Straight shortswords include the following: {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Baselard (European) * Bilbo (European) * Billao (Somali) * Bolo, itak (Philippinese, Southeast Asian) * Cinquedea, anelace (European) * Colichemarde (European) * Gladius (Roman) * Luwuk (Javanese) * Misericorde (European) * Ninjatō, Shinobi gatana (Japanese) * Small sword (European) * Swiss dagger, holbein dagger, schweizerdegen (European) * Xiphos (Greek) {{div col end}}
=====Axe-like===== Generally, convex blades used for heavy chopping or slashing. {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Aruval (South Indian) * Bolo, itak (Philippinese, Asian) * Falcata (Mediterranean) * Golok (Southeast Asian) * Harpe, harpi (Greek) * Kopis (Greek) * {{ill|Kora (sword)|lt=Kora|ru|Кора (меч)|de|Kora (Waffe)}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=((Wilbraham Egerton, 1st Earl Egerton)) |author-link=Wilbraham Egerton, 1st Earl Egerton |title=Indian and Oriental armour |url={{Google books|00_CAgAAQBAJ|page=PA98-IA4|plainurl=yes}} |page=100 |date=2002 |orig-date=reporoduced in facsimile from ''A Description of Indian and Oriental Armour'', published in 1896, which was the second and expanded edition of ''An Illustrated Handbook of Indian Arms'' published in 1880 |publisher=Dover Publications |isbn=978-0486422299}}</ref> (Nepali) * Kudi (Southeast Asian) * Kukri, khukri (Nepali) * Machete (Spain, Latin America) * Vettukathi (South Indian) * Mahera (Greek) * One handed Dacian falx, sica (Mediterranean, Greek) * Parang Pandit (Southeast Asian) * Sosun pattah<ref name="weapon"/> (South Asian) * Yatagan, yataghan (Middle Eastern) {{div col end}}
=====Other===== * Hook sword (Chinese) * Kris, keris sundang, keris bahari (Indonesian) * Nandaka, Nair, nayar (Indian)
====Fighting knives and daggers==== {{Main article|Fighting knife|Knife}} {{further|List of daggers}}
=====Sickles and sickle like knives===== Generally short, concave blades used for heavy cutting. {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Arit (Maduresian, Indonesian) * Karambit, kerambit, korambit (Minangkabauian, Indonesian) * Kujang (Sundanese, Indonesian) * Kukri (Indian) * Mandau (Malaysian, Indonesian, Bornean, Bruneian) * Pichangatti<ref name="weapon"/> (Indian) * Punyal (Philippinese, Southeast Asian) * Sickle (Improvised, worldwide) * Sudanese sickle knife<ref name="weapon"/> (African) {{div col end}}
====Picks and pickaxes==== {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Chicken sickles (Chinese) * Crowbill (European, Central Asian) * Elephant goad, ankus, ankusha, bullhook, elephant hook (South and Southeast Asian) * Hakapik (European) * Horseman's pick, martel de fer, also a blunt weapon (European) * Kama (Japanese) * Mattock (Improvised, European) * Pickaxe (Improvised, European) * War hammer also a blunt weapon (European) {{div col end}}
====Axes==== {{Main article|Axe}} {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Adze (Improvised, European) * Bardiche (European) * Battle axe (European) * Bhuj with blade shaped like the dagger on a long shaft<ref name="weapon"/> * Broadaxe (European) * Congolese axe<ref name="weapon"/> (African) * Dahomey axe club, also an effective blunt weapon<ref name="weapon"/> (African) * Danish axe, hafted axe, English long axe, Viking axe, Danish longer axe (European) * Doloire (European) * Fu (Chinese) * Hand axe, ovate handaxe (Paleolithic) * Hatchet (European) * Igorot headhunting axe<ref>{{cite web |title=Igorot Head Hunting Axe #2 |url=http://traditionalfilipinoweapons.com/IrogotAxe2.html |website=Traditional Filipino Weapons }}</ref> (Philippinese, Southeast Asian) * Labrys, pelekys (Greek) * Long-bearded axe (European) * Masakari (Japanese) * Nzappa zap also thrown (African) * Ono (Japanese) * Palstave (Bronze Age, improvised, European) * Sagaris (Middle Eastern) * Shepherd's axe, valaška (European) * Sparth Axe (European) * Tabarzin (Middle Eastern) * Tomahawk, Spontoon Tomahawk, also thrown (American) * Tlaximaltepoztli (American) * Vechevoral<ref name="weapon"/> (Middle Asian) {{div col end}}
===Truncheons and blunt weapons=== Usually wielded with one or two hands at close quarters with striking motions, although some sharp-pointed truncheons like the sai were more often used for stabbing. {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Aklys (Osci tribe of Southern Italy) * Bō (Japanese) * Bokken (Japanese) * Clubbing boomerang (Worldwide) * Returning boomerang (Australian) * Cambuk (Southeast Asian) * Canne de combat (European) * Cateia (European) * Chúi (Chinese) * Club, baseball bat, stone club, truncheon, cudgel, bludgeon * Crop (Worldwide) * Bastons, Eskrima Sticks, straight sticks (Southeast Asian) * Flail (European) * Gada (Indian) * Gunstock war club also thrown (American) * Gurz, Ottoman gurz<ref name="weapon"/> (Middle Eastern) * Hammer (Improvised) * Hanbō (Japanese) * Horseman's pick, horseman's hammer, martel de fer, also a pickaxe weapon (European) * Jawbone war club (American) * Jō (Japanese) * Jutte, jitte (Japanese) * Kanabō (Japanese) * Knobkierrie, knopkierie, knobkerry (African) * Kotiate (Māori) * Kurunthadi, churuvadi, kuruvadi, muchan, otta (Indian) * Macana (American) * Mace, spiked mace, flanged mace (European, Middle Asian) * Macuahuitl, maquahuitl (American) * Mallet (American) * Mere used to strike, jab (Māori) * Morning star, goedendag, holy water sprinkler (European) * Mughal<ref name="weapon"/> (Central Asian) * Ōtsuchi (Japanese) * Patu, patuki (Māori) * Plançon a picot, planson (European) * Quauholōlli (American) * Roundhead (European) * Rungu also thrown (African) * Sai (Okinawan, Japanese) * Shestopyor, Pernach (Russian) * Shillelagh (Irish) * Short scepter, mace scepter (European) * Stone war club (American) * Suburito (Japanese) * Sword mace 鐧 (Chinese) * Tambo, tanbo (Okinawan) * Tekkan (Japanese) *Tekpi (Malaysia) * Tewhatewha (Māori) * Tonfa (Okinawan) * Waddy, Nulla Nulla (Australian) * War hammer also a pickaxe weapon (European) * Yawara, pasak, yawara bo, dulodulo (Japanese, Southeast Asian) * Yubi-bo (Japanese) {{div col end}}
===Polearms and spears=== {{Main article|Polearm|Spear}} Wielded mainly with two hands. Primarily for hand-to-hand combat with sweeping, thrusting, and or hooking motions.
====Blunt staves==== {{See also|Stick-fighting}} * Bâton français (European) * Bō (Japanese) * Eku (Okinawan) * Gun (Chinese) * Jō (Japanese) * Lathi (Indian) * Naboot, shoum, nabboot, asa, asaya (Middle Eastern) * Quarterstaff (European) * Shareeravadi (Middle Asian) * Taiaha (Māori)
====Spears==== {{Main article|List of types of spears}} {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Ahlspiess, awl pike (European) * Aklys (Osci tribe of Southern Italy) * Atgeir (European) * Boar spear (European) * Brandistock, feather staff, buttafuore (European) * Dangpa chang also thrown (Korean) * Dory (Greek) * Hasta (Roman) * Hoko yari (Japanese) * Iklwa (Zulu tribe of South Africa) * Jukjangchangbo, daijichang, toupjang, nangsun, dongyemochang, chichang, sabarichang, yangjimochang (Korean) * Lance (European) * Menavlion, menavlon (Greek) * Migration Period spear, geirr, gaizaz, gar, ger, framea (European) * Military fork (European) * Pike (English) * Pitchfork (Improvised) * Qiang (Chinese) * Ranseur, rawcon, runka (European) * Saintie<ref name="weapon"/> (Middle Asian) * Sang<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/30762 |title=Spear (Sang) Indian |website=The Met }}</ref> (Indian) * Sarissa (Greek) * Sibat, bangkaw, palupad, sumbling (Southeast Asian) * Sovnya (Russian) * Spetum (European) * Swordstaff (European) * Trident * Trishula (Indian, Southeast Asian) * Yari (Japanese) {{div col end}}
====Polearms with axe-like blades==== {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Arbir (Southeast Asian) * Bardiche (European) * Bec de corbin, bec de faucon (European) * Bill, English bill, bill hook, bill guisarme (European) * Bisento (Japanese) * Chacing staff (European) * Dagger-axe, ko (Chinese) * Danish axe, hafted axe, English long axe, Viking axe, Danish longer axe (European) * Epsilon axe (European, Middle Eastern) * Fauchard (European) * Glaive (European) * Guan (kwan) dao (Chinese) * Guisarme (European) * Halberd (European) * Jedwart stave (European) * Ji (Chinese) * Lochaber axe (European) * Long handled nagamaki (Japanese) * Man catcher (European) * Monk's spade (Chinese) * Naginata (Japanese) * Ngao (Southeast Asian) * Nulbjakchang, galgorichang (Korean) * Ox tongue spear (European) * Partisan, partizan (European) * Pollaxe, poleaxe (European) * Pudao (Chinese) * Romphea, romfea (Greek) * Sasumata (Japanese) * Scythe (Improvised) * Sodegarami (Japanese) * Tepoztopilli (American) * Tongi, four pointed tongi, two pointed<ref name="weapon"/> (South Asian) * Tsukubō (Japanese) * Two handed Dacian falx (Mediterranean, Greek) * Voulge (European) * War scythe {{div col end}}
====Polearms with spikes and hammers==== * Bec de corbin (European) * Lucerne hammer (European) * Zhua (Chinese)
===Flexible weapons=== ====Whips==== {{main|Whip#Weapons}} Used for whipping. * Bullwhip (Worldwide) * Buntot Pagi (Philippinese) * Cat o' nine tails (European) * Chain whip, jiujiebian, samjitbin, qijiebian (Chinese) * Knout (Eastern European) * Nagyka, nagaika, nogaika (Eastern European) * Small whips, crops (Worldwide) * Stockwhip (Australian) * Urumi, chuttuval (Indian)
====Sectional and composite==== Having multiple handles or holdable sections. * Nunchaku (Okinawan) * Tabak-Toyok, chako (Southeast Asian) * Three-section staff (Okinawan, Chinese)) * Two-section staff, xhang xiao ban, could also be considered a polearm (Chinese)
====Chains and ropes==== {{main|Chain weapon}} Having a heavy object attached to a flexible chain or rope. Wielded by swinging, throwing, or projecting the end, as well as wrapping, striking, and blocking with the chain or rope, sometimes attached to another type of weapon. * Chigiriki (Japanese) * Cumberjung, double ended flail, flail with quoits<ref name="weapon"/> (Indian) * Flail, fleau d'armes, kriegsflegel (European) * Flying claws (Chinese) * Flying guillotine (Chinese) * Kusari-fundo, manrikigusari, manriki (Japanese) * Kusari-gama (Japanese) * Kyoketsu-shoge (Japanese) * Lasso, uurga, lariat (American, Chinese) * Meteor hammer, dragon's fist, dai chui, flying hammer, sheng bao, liu xing chui (Chinese) * Rope dart, jouhyou, rope javelin, sheng biao (Japanese, Chinese) * Monkey's fist (Improvised, European, Japanese, Chinese) * Surujin, suruchin (Okinawan)
===Shields=== {{main|Shield}} Used not only to block strikes and missiles but also swung outwardly (or in quick upward motions) to strike an opponent. Also used to rush an opponent (known as shield bashing). Some shields had spikes, sharp edges, or other offensive designs. * Aspis, oplon (Greek) * Buckler (European) * Clipeus (Roman, Greek) * Dhal (Indian) * Heater shield, heraldic shield (European) * Hide, wickerwork, leather and ceremonial shields (Tribal, Worldwide) * Hungarian shield (European) * Kite shield (European) * Lantern shield (Italian) * Parma, parmula (Roman) * Peltarion (Greek) * Rattan shield (Korean, Chinese) * Round shield * Scuta, rectangular, tower and oval scutum (Roman) * Targe (European) * Nguni shield (African) * Chīmalli (American)
==Thrown== ===Throwing blades and darts=== * Chakram (Indian, Southeast Asian) * Kunai (Improvised, Japanese) * Mambele (African) * Plumbata (European) * Shuriken (Japanese) * Swiss arrow (European) * Throwing dart (Worldwide) * Throwing knife (Worldwide)
===Throwing spears=== {{further|List of types of spears#Normally thrown}} All could be used as spears, but were designed and primarily used for throwing. {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Angon (European) * Assegai, assagai (African) * Atlatl and darts (American, Paleolithic tribes) * Falarica, phalarica (Mediterranean) * Harpoon (Worldwide) * Jangchang (Korean) * Javelin (Mediterranean) * Lancea (Mediterranean) * Mesangylon (Greek) * Metal bar, metal pipe (Improvised, Worldwide) * Northern spear<ref>{{cite web |title=Northern spear |url=http://traditionalfilipinoweapons.com/Spear.html }}</ref> (Philippinese, Southeast Asian) * Pilum (Roman) * Soliferrum, saunion, soliferreum (Mediterranean) * Spiculum (Roman) * Vel (Indian) * Verutum (Roman) * Woomera, amirre (Australian) {{div col end}}
===Throwing axes=== {{main|Throwing axe}} Could also be used as axe weapons, but were specifically designed for throwing. * Francisca, francesca (European) * Hunga munga, danisco, goleyo, njiga (African) * Hurlbat, whirlbat (European) * Kapak siam (Asian) * Nzappa zap (African) * Tomahawk also an axe weapon (American)
===Throwing balls=== * Bolas, ayllo, liwi, qilumitautit (Central American, South American, Arctic) * Slungshot not to be confused with a slingshot (Improvised, Worldwide) * Stone, rock (Improvised, Worldwide)
===Throwing sticks=== {{main|Throwing stick}} * Boomerang (Australian, Worldwide) * Knobkierrie, knopkierie, knobkerry, also a blunt weapon (African) * Rungu (East African) * Stick, branch (Improvised, Worldwide)
==Gunpowder-based== {{See also|History of the firearm|Gunpowder#History}} [[File:Ming Dynasty eruptor proto-cannon.jpg|thumb|right|180px|An illustration of an "eruptor", a proto cannon from the 14th century Ming Dynasty book ''Huolongjing''. The cannon was capable of firing proto shells, cast iron bombs filled with gunpowder.]] {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Abus howitzer (Turkish) * Arquebus, caliver, hackbut, harkbus, harquebus (European) * Bajō-zutsu pistol (Japanese) * Basilisk cannon (European) * Bâton à feu hand cannon (French) * Bedil tumbak hand cannon (Indonesian) * Blunderbuss, donderbus (European) * Bō-hiya rocket arrow (Japanese) * Bombard (European, Middle Eastern, Chinese) * Byzantine bombard (Greek) * Byzantine fire tube (cannon)<ref name="Ihor">Γεώργιος Ηλιόπουλος (Georgios Iliopoulos), "Η χαμένη πυραυλική τεχνολογία των αρχαίων Ελλήνων" (The lost missile technology of the ancient Greeks), Ιχώρ (Ihor), 27, page 12-13, Greece, 2002.</ref> (Greek) * Byzantine rocket launcher<ref>Γεώργιος Ηλιόπουλος (Georgios Iliopoulos), "Η χαμένη πυραυλική τεχνολογία των αρχαίων Ελλήνων" (The lost missile technology of the ancient Greeks), Ιχώρ (Ihor), 27, page 13, Greece, 2002.</ref> (Greek) * Cannon (European, Middle Eastern, Chinese) * Cetbang cannon (Indonesian, Southeast Asian) * Che Dian Chong musket (Chinese) * Chongtong cannon (Korean) * Culverin cannon (French) * Dardanelles bombard (Turkish) * Dulle Griet bombard (Belgian) * Ekor lotong cannon (Malaysian) * Falconet, falcon cannon (European) * Fauconneau cannon (European) * Faule Grete bombard (Polish) * Faule Mette bombard (German) * Fire arrow, rocket arrow (Chinese) * Fire lance, Huo Qiang lance hand cannon (Chinese) * Grose Bochse bombard (German) * Hand cannon (European, Middle Eastern, Chinese) * Hand mortar (European) * Heilongjiang hand cannon (Chinese) * Hu Dun Pao cannon (Chinese) * Huo Che rocket arrow launcher (Chinese) * Huo Chong hand cannon (Chinese) * Hwacha rocket arrow launcher (Korean) * Istinggar arquebus (Indonesian) * Java arquebus (Indonesian) * Jiaozhi arquebus (Vietnamese) * Korean cannon * Lantaka, rentaka cannon (Philippinese, Indonesian, Malaysian, Southeast Asian) * Lela cannon (Malaysian) * Matchlock ** Snap matchlock * Meriam kecil hand cannon (Indonesian, Malaysian) * Mons Meg bombard (Belgian) * Mortar (European, Middle Eastern, Chinese) * Orban bombard (Turkish) * Organ gun, ribauldequin, ribauiidkin, ribault, rabauld (European) * Petronel hand cannon (European) * Pierrier a boite cannon (French) * Pistol (European) * Pot de fer cannon (French) * Prangi, pranki, pranku, paranki, pranga, parangi, prangu, parangu, piranki, pirangi, farangi, firingi, firingiha cannon (Turkish, Indian) * Pumhart von Steyr bombard (Austrian) * San Yan Chong three barrel hand cannon (Chinese) * Shou Chong hand cannon (Chinese) * Singijeon, shinkichon rocket arrow (Korean) * Tanegashima arquebus (Japanese) * Tarasnice cannon (European) * Toradar, torador arquebus (Indian) * Tu Huo Qiang hand cannon (Chinese) * Veuglaire cannon (French) * Wankou Chong cannon (Chinese) * Xanadu cannon (Chinese) * Xi Xia cannon (Chinese) * Xun Lei Chong spear five barrel revolver musket (Chinese) {{div col end}}
==Slings== * Kestros, cestrus, cestrosfendoni, kestrosfedoni (Greek) * Sling (Worldwide) * Stave sling, fustibale (Mediterranean)
==Bows== {{main|Bow and arrow}}
===Longbows=== {{main|Longbows}} * Daikyu (Japanese) * Decurve bow * Deflex bow * English longbow, warbow * Flatbow * Self bow * Welsh longbow, warbow
===Recurve bows=== {{main|Recurve bow}} * Cable-backed bow * Composite bow * Hungarian bow * Perso-Parthian bow
===Short bows and reflex bows=== {{main|Short bow|Reflex bow}} * Gungdo, hwal (Korean) * Hankyu (Japanese) * Mongol bow * Turkish bow
==Crossbows== {{main|Crossbow}} * Arbalest, arblast (European) * Bullet bow, English bullet bow, pellet crossbow<ref name="weapon"/> (European) * Cheiroballistra, hirovallistra hand ballista (Roman, Greek) * Crossbow (European, Chinese) * Gastraphetes, gastrafetis (Greek) * Pistol crossbow * Repeating crossbow, chu ko nu, zhuge (Chinese) * Skåne lockbow (European) * Stone bow (European)
==Blowguns== * Blowgun, blowpipe, blow tube (Worldwide) * Fukiya (Japanese)
==Stationary, mounted, or wheeled ballistic devices== {{further|List of siege engines}} This section includes ballistic (missile-launching) siege engines and similar larger ballistic devices which were either stationary, mounted on moving objects such as carts or elephants, or wheeled. * Ballista (European, Asian) * Ballista elephant (Angkor) * Carroballista (Roman) * Catapult (European, Asian) * Catapulta (Roman) * Efthytonon catapult (Greek) * Hu Dun Pao trebuchet (Chinese) * Mangonel (Chinese) * Onager (Roman) * Oxybeles, oxyvelis ballista (Greek) * Palintonon catapult (Greek) * Polybolos, polyvolos repeating ballista (Greek) * Trebuchet (European, Asian)
==Flamethrowers== {{main|Flamethrower#History|Early thermal weapons}} * Pen Huo Qi flamethrower (Chinese) * Greek fire<ref name="Ihor"/>
==See also== * List of martial arts weapons * List of medieval weapons * List of practice weapons
'''Swords''' * List of Japanese swords ** List of National Treasures of Japan (crafts: swords) ** List of Wazamono * List of fictional swords * List of legendary swords * List of historical swords * Classification of swords * List of types of swords
==References== {{reflist|30em}} {{Weapons}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Premodern combat weapons}} Category:Weapons by period Category:Lists of weapons