{{Short description|Military rank in Slavophone armed forces}} {{Hatnote|This article is about a lieutenant rank used in Slavophone countries. For the standard see Lieutenant.}} {{refimprove|date=July 2021}} thumb|Countries which use the term The rank of '''''poruchik''''' ({{langx|ru|поручик}}; {{langx|cs|poručík}}; {{langx|sk|poručík}}) or '''''poruchnik''''' ({{langx|sh|поручник, poručnik}}; {{langx|pl|porucznik}}; {{langx|sl|poročnik}}; {{langx|uk|поручник, poručnyk}}), translated to '''lieutenant''', is used in Slavophone armed forces, depending on the country being either the lowest or second lowest officer rank.
== Etymology == {{noref|section|date=July 2021}} The rank designation {{lang|ru-Latn|poruchik}} might be derived from {{langx|ru|поpученец||a person tasked by a special mission}}; {{langx|ru|поручение||assignment', 'commission|link=no}} or {{langx|ru|поручить||task to look after', 'charge with ''something''|link=no}}. Normally the {{lang|ru-Latn|poruchik}} received military orders in written form and was responsible to meet the particular goals and objectives anticipated.
== Russia == thumb|100px|Lieutenant insignia used by the Imperial Russian Army. The Imperial Russian Army introduced this rank first in middle of the 17th century, by the Strelets so-called New Order Regiments {{clarify|date=October 2018}}, reflected in the Table of Ranks. A ''poruchik'' was normally assigned to assistant commanding officer of a company, later platoon. In 1798 this particular rank designation was replaced by lieutenant beginning with the Russian Guards, followed by other military units, and legalised by the Table of Ranks.
== Serbia == {{see also|Military ranks of Serbia}} The rank of ''poručnik'' was adopted by the Revolutionary Serbian Army at the end of the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13), alongside ''potporučnik'' and others.{{sfn|Bodrožić|2022|p=34}}
It was the third lowest commissioned officer rank in the Royal Serbian Army (1882–1918).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=Nigel |last2=Babac |first2=Dusan |title=Armies in the Balkans 1914–18 |series=Men-at-Arms |date=2001 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |isbn=978-1841761947 |page=39}}</ref>
It is today the second lowest commissioned officer rank in the Serbian Armed Forces.
==Insignia== <gallery class="center"> <!-- In alphabetic order of Country please --> File:Bosnia&Herzegovina-Army-OF-1b.svg|{{lang|bs|Poručnik}}<br />(Bosnian Ground Forces)<ref name="Bosnia&Herzegovina">{{cite web |title=OBILJEŽJA I ČINOVI OS BIH |url=http://os.mod.gov.ba/vojna-oprema-naoruzanje-i-simboli-os-bih/oznake-cinova-i-uniforme-u-os-bih/Obilje%c5%beja_i_cinovi_OS_BiH/default.aspx?id=1737&langTag=bs-BA&template_id=181&pageIndex=1 |website=os.mod.gov.ba |publisher=Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine |access-date=30 September 2019 |language=bs}}</ref> Army-HRV-OF-01b.svg|{{lang|hr|Poručnik}}<br />(Croatian Army)<ref name="Croatia">{{cite web |title=Oznake činova |url=http://www.osrh.hr/#rubData/HTML/HR/RAZNO/OZNAKE/20190401_Galerija_oznaka/Galerija_oznaka_HR.htm |website=osrh.hr |publisher=Republic of Croatia Armed Forces |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=hr |date=1 April 2019}}</ref> CzArmy 2011 OF1b-Poruchik shoulder.svg|{{lang|cs|Poručík}}<br />(Czech Land Forces)<ref name="Czech_Republic">{{cite web |title=Ranks |url=https://www.army.cz/scripts/detail.php?id=49065 |website=army.cz |publisher=Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic |date=2018 |access-date=26 May 2021}}</ref> File:North-Macedonia-Army-OF-1b.svg|{{lang|mk|Поручник}}<br />{{lang|mk-Latn|Poručnik}}<br />(North Macedonia Ground Forces)<ref name="NorthMacedonia">{{cite web |title=УРЕДБА ЗА ОЗНАКИТЕ ЗА УНИФОРМИТЕ НА АРМИЈАТА НА РЕПУБЛИКА СЕВЕРНА МАКЕДОНИЈА |trans-title=Regulation on the Markings for the Uniforms of the Army of the Republic Northern of Macedonia |url=https://dejure.mk/zakon/uredba-za-oznakite-za-uniformite-na-armijata-na-republika-severna-makedonija-1 |website=dejure.mk |access-date=24 May 2021 |language=mk |date=12 November 2020}}</ref> 11-Montenegro Army-1LT.svg| {{lang|sr-Latn|Poručnik}}<br />(Montenegrin Ground Army)<ref name="Montenegro">{{cite journal |title=IV. Izgled Činova u Vojsci |journal=Official Gazette of Montenegro |date=16 August 2010 |volume=50/10 |pages=22–28 |url=https://wapi.gov.me/download-preview/f21585eb-2399-4cf3-ab40-7f0e245093be?version=1.0 |access-date=17 September 2021 |language=cnr}}</ref> Army-POL-OF-01a.svg|{{lang|pl|Porucznik}}<br />(Polish Land Forces)<ref name="Poland_Army&AirForce">{{cite web |title=Sposób noszenia odznak stopni wojskowych na umundurowaniu wojsk Lądowych i sił Powietrznych |url=https://www.wojsko-polskie.pl/iwsp/u/14/fc/14fc23f7-28a0-4a42-9ac0-287d512ffcb9/08b_oznaki_stopni_wojskowych_na_umundurowaniu_wl_i_sp_ok.pdf |website=wojsko-polskie.pl |publisher=Armed Forces Support Inspectorate |access-date=7 June 2021 |language=pl}}</ref> 10-Serbian Army-LT.svg|{{lang|sr|Поручник}}<br />{{lang|sr-Latn|Poručnik}}<br />(Serbian Army)<ref name="Serbia">{{cite web |title=ЧИНОВИ У ВОЈСЦИ СРБИЈЕ |url=http://www.vs.rs/sr_cyr/o-vojsci/obelezja-i-oznake/cinovi-u-vojsci-srbije |website=vs.rs |publisher=Serbian Armed Forces |access-date=7 June 2021 |language=sr}}</ref> Army-SVK-OF-01b.svg|{{lang|sk|Poručík}}<br />(Slovak Ground Forces)<ref name="Slovakia">{{cite web |title=Označenie vojenských hodností príslušníkov Ozbrojených síl Slovenskej republiky od 1.1.2016 |trans-title=Designation of military ranks of members of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic from 1.1.2016 |url=http://www.vhu.sk/oznacenie-vojenskych-hodnosti-prislusnikov-ozbrojenych-sil-slovenskej-republiky-od-112016/ |website=vhu.sk |publisher=Military History Institute |access-date=12 April 2021 |language=sk}}</ref> 12-Slovenian Army-2LT.svg|{{lang|sl|Poročnik}}<br />(Slovenian Ground Force)<ref name="Slovenia">{{cite web |title=Čini in razredi |url=https://www.slovenskavojska.si/o-vojski/cini-in-razredi/ |website=slovenskavojska.si |publisher=Slovenian Armed Forces |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=sl}}</ref> </gallery>
== See also == * Podporuchik * Lieutenant * Lieutenant colonel (Eastern Europe) * Colonel (Eastern Europe) * Lieutenant colonel general * Comparative army officer ranks of Europe * Ranks and insignia of the Russian armed forces until 1917
== References == {{reflist}} ==Sources== {{refbegin}} * {{cite journal|last=Bodrožić|first=Đuro|title=Vojska i država: počeci moderne srpske vojske|journal=Nacionalni interes|volume=44|issue=2|year=2022|pp=29-46}} {{refend}}
Category:Military ranks of Poland Category:Military ranks of Russia Category:Military ranks of the Soviet Union