Plocamium

{{Short description|Genus of algae}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Plocamium corallorhiza.jpg | image_caption= ''Plocamium corallorhiza'' from South Africa | taxon = Plocamium | authority = J.V. Lamouroux, 1813 | type_species = ''Fucus cartilagineus'' | type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1753 }} {{multiple image | direction = vertical | width = 220 | image1 =Plocamium sp.jpg | alt1 = | caption1 = | image2 =Red seaweed, Plocamium sp..jpg | alt2 = | caption2 =''Plocamium'' sp. from South Africa }}

'''''Plocamium''''' is a genus of red algae in the family Plocamiaceae. It contains around 40 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution in temperate seas, although it is most diverse in the Southern Hemisphere.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cremades |first1=Javier |last2=Barreiro |first2=Rodolfo |last3=Maneiro |first3=Isabel |last4=Saunders |first4=Gary W. |title=A new taxonomic interpretation of the type of Plocamium cartilagineum (Plocamiales, Florideophyceae) and its consequences |journal=European Journal of Phycology |date=2011 |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=125–142}}</ref> It is widely distributed in tropical and also warm-temperate and cold-temperate seas, such as northern Europe,<ref name=Saunders>{{cite journal |last1=Saunders |first1=Gary W. |last2=Lehmkuhl |first2=K. Virginia |title=Molecular divergence and morphological diversity among four cryptic species of Plocamium (Plocamiales, Florideophyceae) in northern Europe |journal=European Journal of Phycology |date=2005 |volume=40 |issue=3 |doi=10.1080/09670260500192935|doi-access=free }}</ref> the northern Arabian Sea and western Australia.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wynne |first1=Michael |date=November 2002 |title=A description of Plocamium fimbriatum sp. nov. (Plocamiales, Rhodophyta) from the Sultanate of Oman, with a census of currently recognized species in the genus |url= |journal=Nova Hedwigia |volume=75 |issue=3-4 |pages=333-356 |doi=10.1127/0029-5035/2002/0075-0333 |access-date=}}</ref> They are also found in the Antarctic regions of Admiralty Bay (maritime Antarctica, Antarctic Peninsula) and Terra Nova Bay (in the Ross Sea).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Majewska |first1=Roksana |last2=Kuklinski |first2=Piotr |last3=Balazy |first3=Piotr |last4=Yokoya |first4=Nair Sumie |last5=Martins |first5=Aline Paternostro |last6=De Stefano |first6=Mario |title=A comparison of epiphytic diatom communities on Plocamium cartilagineum (Plocamiales, Florideophyceae) from two Antarcticareas |journal=Polar Biology |date=2014 |doi=10.1007/s00300-014-1578-7}}</ref>

==Description== ''Plocamium'' has erect elliptical thalli that grow up to {{convert|50|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length. They are bright red in color with strongly flattened delicately branching fronds that further divide into two to five smaller branchlets.<ref name="mbari">{{cite web|url=http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/reds/eric/PHYS.HTM|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040712005424/http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/reds/eric/PHYS.HTM|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 12, 2004|title=''Plocamium'': the delicate beauty|publisher=MBARI, Phycological Society of America|accessdate=February 7, 2012}}</ref><ref name="ab">{{cite web |url=http://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=27&-session=abv4:CB54B42A050e816730vwh1B7FB79|title=''Plocamium'' J.V.Lamouroux, 1813: 137|author=M.D. Guiry|date=2012|work=AlgaeBase|publisher= National University of Ireland|accessdate=February 7, 2012}}</ref> Cystocarps (fruiting parts) are either scattered along the frond margins or found on special short fertile branches, and lack a specialized pore for carpospore release. Tetrasporangia are borne in specialized stichidia (branches of the thallus) of various morphologies.<ref name=Saunders/>

==Accepted species== Species classified under the genus include the following:<ref name="nilauro">{{cite web|url=http://www.nilauro.com/plocamium/biogeog.htm|title=World Distribution of ''Plocamium'' sp.|author1=Nilauro Markus |author2=Marla Ranelletti |author3=Christopher Loo |name-list-style=amp |date=1999|publisher=Plocamium pacificum|accessdate=February 7, 2012}}</ref><ref name="worms">{{cite WoRMS|author=M.D. Guiry|year=2012|id=144223 |title=''Plocamium'' J.V. Lamouroux, 1813 |db=algae|accessdate=February 7, 2012}}</ref> *''Plocamium affine'' Kützing, 1849 *''Plocamium angustum'' (J.Agardh) J.D.Hooker & Harvey, 1847 *''Plocamium beckeri'' F.Schmitz ex Simons, 1964 *''Plocamium brachiocarpum'' Kützing, 1849 *''Plocamium brasiliense'' (Greville) M.A.Howe & W.R.Taylor, 1931 *''Plocamium cartilagineum'' (Linnaeus) P.S.Dixon, 1967 *''Plocamium cirrhosum'' (Turner) M.J.Wynne, 2002 *''Plocamium corallorhiza'' (Turner) J.D.Hooker & Harvey, 1845 *''Plocamium cornutum'' (Turner) Harvey, 1849 *''Plocamium cruciferum'' Harvey, 1855 *''Plocamium delicatulum'' Baardseth, 1941 *''Plocamium dilatatum'' J.Agardh, 1876 *''Plocamium fimbriatum'' M.J.Wynne, 2002 *''Plocamium fuscorubrum'' Baardseth, 1941 *''Plocamium glomeratum'' J.Agardh, 1851 *''Plocamium hamatum'' J.Agardh, 1876 *''Plocamium hookeri'' Harvey, 1845 *''Plocamium leptophyllum'' Kützing, 1849 *''Plocamium maggsiae'' G.W.Saunders & K.V.Lehmkuhl, 2005 *''Plocamium maxillosum'' (Poiret) J.V.Lamouroux, 1813 *''Plocamium mertensii'' (Greville) Harvey, 1847 *''Plocamium microcladioides'' G.R.South & N.M.Adams, 1979 *''Plocamium minutum'' Levring, 1944 *''Plocamium nanum'' G.W.Saunders & K.V.Lehmkuhl, 2005 *''Plocamium oregonum'' Doty, 1947 *''Plocamium ovicornis'' Okamura, 1896 *''Plocamium patagiatum'' J.Agardh, 1894 *''Plocamium patens'' G.Martens, 1868 *''Plocamium preissianum'' Sonder, 1845 *''Plocamium raphelisianum'' P.J.L.Dangeard, 1949 *''Plocamium recurvatum'' Okamura, 1913 *''Plocamium rigidum'' Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1834 *''Plocamium sandvicense'' J.Agardh, 1892 *''Plocamium secundatum''(Kützing) Kützing, 1866 *''Plocamium serratulum'' Okamura *''Plocamium serrulatum''Okamura, 1932 *''Plocamium suhrii'' Kützing, 1849 *''Plocamium telfairiae'' (W.J.Hooker & Harvey) Harvey ex Kützing, 1849 *''Plocamium violaceum'' Farlow, 1877

;''Nomina dubia:'' *''Plocamium concinnum'' Areschoug *''Plocamium froelichianum'' Kützing *''Plocamium subtile'' Kützing, 1866

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Red algae genera Category:Florideophyceae

Plocamium

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