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'''Pleuran''' is an insoluble polysaccharide (β-(1,3/1,6)-D-glucan), isolated from ''Pleurotus ostreatus''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Karácsonyi |first=S. |last2=Kuniak |first2=L. |year=1994 |title=Polysaccharides of ''Pleurotus ostreatus'': Isolation and structure of pleuran, an alkali-insoluble β-glucan |journal=Carbohydrate Polymers |publisher=Elsevier |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=107–111 |doi=10.1016/0144-8617(94)90019-1}}</ref>
Pleuran belongs to a group of glucose polymers commonly called beta-glucans demonstrating biological response modifier properties. These immunomodulating properties render the host more resistant to infections and neoplasms.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Di Luzi |first=N. R. |year=1985 |title=Update on the immunomodulating activities of glucans |journal=Springer Seminars in Immunopathology |location=Germany |publisher=Springer Verlag |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=387–400 |doi=10.1007/BF01857392 |pmid=4089757 |s2cid=24803241 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
In a study published in December 2010, pleuran demonstrated to have a protective effect against exercise-induced suppression of immune cell activity (NK cells) in subjects taking 100 mg per day.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bobovčák |first=M |last2=Kuniaková |first2=R |last3=Gabriž |first3=J |last4=Majtán |first4=J |date=December 2010 |title=Effect of Pleuran (β-glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus) supplementation on cellular immune response after intensive exercise in elite athletes. |journal=Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism |volume=35 |issue=6 |pages=755–62 |doi=10.1139/h10-070 |pmid=21164546}}</ref>
In another study published in 2011, pleuran reduced the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections and increased the number of circulating NK cells.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bergendiova |first=K |last2=Tibenska |first2=E |last3=Majtan |first3=J |date=2011-01-20 |title=Pleuran (β-glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus) supplementation, cellular immune response and respiratory tract infections in athletes. |journal=European Journal of Applied Physiology |volume=111 |issue=9 |pages=2033–40 |doi=10.1007/s00421-011-1837-z |pmid=21249381 |s2cid=25411018}}</ref>
Pleuran is also being studied as a potential immunologic adjuvant.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Vogel |first=F R |title=Vaccine Design |last2=Powell |first2=M F |last3=Alving |first3=C R |publisher=National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases |year=1998 |isbn=978-1-4613-5737-7 |edition=2nd |series=Pharmaceutical Biotechnology |volume=6 |pages=141–228 |chapter=A Compendium of Vaccine Adjuvants and Excipients |doi=10.1007/978-1-4615-1823-5_7 |pmid=7551218 |chapter-url=http://www.niaid.nih.gov/hivvaccines/pdf/compendium.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715043825/http://www.niaid.nih.gov/hivvaccines/pdf/compendium.pdf |archive-date=2007-07-15 |url-status=live |accessdate=2008-05-08}}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
Category:Polysaccharides
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