Perlative case

{{Short description|Grammatical case}} In grammar, the '''perlative case''' (abbreviated {{sc|'''per'''}}), also known as '''pergressive''',<ref name="a350">{{cite book | last=Blake | first=Barry | title=Australian Aboriginal Grammar | publisher=Routledge Library Editions: Li | date=2016-02-28 | isbn=978-1-138-96417-4 | page=}}</ref> is a grammatical case which expresses that something moved "through", "across", or "along" the referent of the noun that is marked.<ref>[http://wiki.linguistlist.org/ontowiki/GOLDRevisions/Perlative_Case Article "Perlative Case"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025201414/http://wiki.linguistlist.org/ontowiki/GOLDRevisions/Perlative_Case |date=2007-10-25 }} on the [http://linguistlist.org/ Linguist list] [http://wiki.linguistlist.org/ wiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916153629/http://wiki.linguistlist.org/ |date=2008-09-16 }}</ref> The case is found in a number of Australian Aboriginal languages such as Kuku-Yalanji,<ref>Robert Malcolm Ward Dixon, ''Australian Languages: their nature and development'', page 532, [https://books.google.com/books?id=g1Q4jNdoEVoC&dq=%22perlative+case%22+noun&pg=PA532 Google books search] 2002, 776 pages</ref> Kaurna, Kamu<ref name="Harvey 1989">{{Citation|last=Harvey|first=Mark|year=1989|title=A Sketch Grammar of Kamu.|url=https://www.dalylanguages.org/files/Kamu%20Grammar.pdf|access-date=September 5, 2024}}</ref> and Ngan'gi,<ref name="i422">{{cite journal | last=Palmer | first=Bill | last2=Hoffmann | first2=Dorothea | last3=Blythe | first3=Joe | last4=Gaby | first4=Alice | last5=Pascoe | first5=Bill | last6=Ponsonnet | first6=Maïa | title=Frames of spatial reference in five Australian languages | journal=Spatial Cognition & Computation | volume=22 | issue=3-4 | date=2022-10-02 | issn=1387-5868 | doi=10.1080/13875868.2021.1929239}}</ref> as well as in Aymara, Inuktitut, and the extinct Tocharian languages.

In some languages, like Warluwara, it marks the nouns that accompanies motion. For example, in a sentence meaning ''I'm going with this man'', the noun ''man'' would be in perlative. Other languages, like Nunggubuyu, have the retrospective pergressive, which indicates the sense of ''back with'' or ''back among''.<ref name="a350"/>

In Kamu, the case is marked with the -ba suffix.<ref name="Harvey 1989"/>

==See also== * Prolative case

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== *{{wti|perlative}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Perlative Case}} Category:Grammatical cases