{{Short description|Pharmaceutical drug}} {{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} {{Infobox drug | Verifiedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 458268975 | image = Pegaspargasa.png | alt =
<!-- Clinical data --> | tradename = Oncaspar | Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|pegaspargase}} | pronounce = {{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|ɡ|æ|s|p|ər|ɡ|eɪ|z}} | MedlinePlus = a695031 | DailyMedID = Pegaspargase | pregnancy_AU = D | pregnancy_category = | routes_of_administration = Intramuscular, intravenous | ATC_prefix = L01 | ATC_suffix = XX24 | ATC_supplemental =
| legal_AU = S4 | legal_AU_comment = <ref>{{cite web | title=Prescription medicines: registration of new chemical entities in Australia, 2017 | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | date=21 June 2022 | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/publication/publications/prescription-medicines-registration-new-chemical-entities-australia-2017 | access-date=9 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Prescription medicines and biologicals: TGA annual summary 2017 | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | date=21 June 2022 | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/publication/publications/prescription-medicines-and-biologicals-tga-annual-summary-2017 | access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref> | legal_CA = Rx-only | legal_CA_comment = <ref>{{cite web | title=Cancer therapies | website=Health Canada | date=8 May 2018 | url=https://www.canada.ca/en/services/health/drug-health-products/drug-medical-device-highlights-2017/approved-drugs/cancer-therapies.html | access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> | legal_UK = <!-- GSL / P / POM / CD --> | legal_US = Rx-only | legal_EU = Rx-only | legal_EU_comment = <ref>{{cite web | title=Oncaspar EPAR | website=European Medicines Agency (EMA) | date=27 March 2018 | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/oncaspar | access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref> | legal_status =
<!-- Pharmacokinetic data --> | bioavailability = | protein_bound = | metabolism = | elimination_half-life = | excretion =
<!-- Identifiers --> | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CAS_number = 130167-69-0 | PubChem = | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = DB00059 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = none | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = 7D96IR0PPM | KEGG = D05387 | ChEMBL = 2108546
<!-- Chemical data --> | IUPAC_name = Pegylated E. coli L-asparagine amidohydrolase | C=1377 | H=2208 | N=382 | O=442 | S=17 }}
<!-- Definition and medical uses --> '''Pegaspargase''', sold under the brand name '''Oncaspar''', is a medication used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).<ref name=Gra2003>{{cite journal | vauthors = Graham ML | title = Pegaspargase: a review of clinical studies | journal = Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews | volume = 55 | issue = 10 | pages = 1293–1302 | date = September 2003 | pmid = 14499708 | doi = 10.1016/S0169-409X(03)00110-8 }}</ref> Often it is used together with anthracycline, vincristine, and corticosteroids (for example prednisone and dexamethasone).<ref name=AHFS2019/> Pegaspargase can be administered either via an intravenous infusion or a intramuscular injection.<ref name=AHFS2019/>
<!-- Side effects and mechanism --> Known side effects include allergic reactions, coagulopathy, high blood sugar, affecting liver function, pancreas inflammation, and blood clots in the brain.<ref name=AHFS2019/> There is no data regarding the usage of pegaspargase during pregnancy.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegaspargase (Oncaspar) Use During Pregnancy |url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/pegaspargase.html |website=Drugs.com |access-date=11 October 2019 }}</ref> Therefore, caution should be observed and pegaspargase should only be used during pregnancy when the benefits outweigh the possible risks.
Pegaspargase is a modified version of the enzyme asparaginase which has undergone PEGylation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cancer.unm.edu/drug_dictionary.aspx?id=818 |title=UNM Cancer Center |access-date=2007-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060903055152/http://cancer.unm.edu/drug_dictionary.aspx?id=818 |archive-date=September 3, 2006 }}</ref><ref name="AHFS2019" /> It works by breaking down the amino acid asparagine that are circulating in the bloodstream.<ref name="AHFS2019" /> The circulating asparagine is essential for the cancer cells to enable growth since they can't produce their own, in contrast to normal cells.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DailyMed - oncaspar- pegaspargase injection, solution for intramuscular and intravenous use |url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d046ec54-9ac8-4c9f-87a7-69e9900d8016 |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=dailymed.nlm.nih.gov}}</ref> The normal cells are therefore less affected by pegaspargase.
<!-- History and culture --> Pegaspargase was approved for medical use in the United States in 1994.<ref name=AHFS2019>{{cite web |title=Pegaspargase Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/pegaspargase.html |website=Drugs.com |access-date=11 October 2019 }}</ref> It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO21st">{{cite book | year = 2019 | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 | publisher = World Health Organization | hdl = 10665/325771 | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO | hdl-access = free }}</ref> It is made by Sigma-Tau.<ref name=AHFS2019/>
== References == {{Reflist}}
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Category:Antineoplastic drugs Category:Drugs developed by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Category:World Health Organization essential medicines Category:Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate