{{Short description|American physician and author (born 1959)}} {{use mdy dates|date=May 2024}} {{Infobox person | name = Mark Hyman | image = Mark Hyman M.D., Co-Founder and Chief Medical Officer Function Health.png | caption = | birth_name = Mark Adam Hyman | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1959|11|22|mf=y}} | occupation = Physician, author | known_for = Functional medicine advocacy, pegan diet | website = {{URL|drhyman.com}} }}
'''Mark Adam Hyman''' (born November 22, 1959)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Leikvoll |first=Vanessa |title=Dr. Mark Hyman |url=https://leaders.com/rankings/person/dr-mark-hyman/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Leaders.com |language=en-us}}</ref> is an American physician and author.<ref name="CBS">{{cite web |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=6108550n |publisher=CBS |access-date=17 September 2013 |date=17 January 2010 |title=Haiti Relief Aid Unfurls}}</ref><ref name="NYTBS1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/best-sellers-books/2012-04-08/hardcover-advice/list.html?date=2012-04-08&category=hardcover-advice&pagewanted=print |title=HARDCOVER ADVICE & MISC. |journal=The New York Times |access-date=17 September 2013 |date=8 April 2012}}</ref><ref name="NYTBS2">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/best-sellers-books/2009-03-29/hardcover-advice/list.html?date=2009-03-29&category=hardcover-advice&pagewanted=print |date=29 March 2009 |access-date=17 September 2013 |title=Hardcover Advice & Misc|journal=The New York Times }}</ref> He is the founder and medical director of The UltraWellness Center.<ref name="Senate1">{{cite web |title=Testimony of Mark Hyman, M.D. |url=http://www.help.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Hyman.pdf |access-date=17 September 2013 |publisher=Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions |author=Mark Hyman |date=26 February 2009}}</ref> Hyman was a regular contributor to the ''Katie Couric Show'' until the show's cancellation in 2013.<ref name="Katie1">{{cite web |url=http://katiecouric.com/author/drmarkhyman/ |title=Dr. Mark Hyman |access-date=17 September 2013 |publisher=KAC Productions |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925061131/http://katiecouric.com/author/drmarkhyman/ |archive-date=September 25, 2013}}</ref> He hosts an eponymous podcast, ''The Dr. Hyman Show,'' which examines many topics related to human health. He is the author of several books on nutrition and longevity, of which 15 have become ''New York Times'' bestsellers, including ''Food Fix, Eat Fat, Get Thin,'' and ''Young Forever''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-13 |title=Dr. Mark Hyman Is Hosting a Virtual Event Tonight You Won't Want to Miss |url=https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/entertainment/a60776536/young-forever-cookbook-dr-mark-hyman/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=Good Housekeeping |language=en-US}}</ref>
Hyman is a proponent of the pseudoscientific functional medicine,<ref name="independent2018"/> a form of alternative medicine.<ref name=gor1 /><ref name=bel1 /> He is the board president of clinical affairs of the Institute for Functional Medicine and is the founder of and senior adviser to the Center for Functional Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic.<ref name="Katie1" /><ref name="BOD">{{cite web |url=https://www.functionalmedicine.org/AboutFM/ourteam/board-directors/ |title=Board of Directors |access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="PBS">{{cite web |title=Physician-author Mark Hyman |publisher=PBS |url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/tavissmiley/interviews/physician-author-mark-hyman/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130921184202/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/tavissmiley/interviews/physician-author-mark-hyman/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |date=27 March 2012 |access-date=17 September 2013}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Stephan |first=Katcy |date=2024-06-20 |title=Dr. Mark Hyman Signs With WME (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2024/biz/news/dr-mark-hyman-wme-1236041934/ |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> Hyman promotes the pegan diet, which has been characterized as a fad diet.<ref name="Dennett 2019"/><ref name="Health 24"/>
==Early life== Hyman was born in New York<ref name="NY-Times-2014">{{cite news|author=Amy Chozick|date=April 11, 2014|title=He Tells the Clintons How to Lose a Little|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/13/fashion/dr-mark-hyman-clintons-health.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&_r=2|access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> to Ruth Sidransky. He is Jewish.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Markoe |first=Lauren |date=2024-11-20 |title=Who is Dr. Mark Hyman, the Jewish doctor who promoted RFK Jr.? |url=https://forward.com/fast-forward/676648/dr-mark-hyman-rfk-trump-hhs/ |access-date=2026-05-30 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-04-20 |title=Can Social Networks Cure Disease? Part II |url=https://drhyman.com/blogs/content/can-social-networks-cure-disease-part-ii |access-date=2026-05-30 |website=Mark Hyman, MD |language=en}}</ref> He graduated from Cornell University with a bachelor's degree in Asian Studies.<ref name="AlternativeTherapies3">{{cite journal |journal=Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine |date=July 2004 |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=82–89|pmid=15285279 |last1=Hyman |first1=M. |title=Mark Hyman, MD practicing medicine for the future}}</ref> He received his Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Ottawa and completed his training at the Community Hospital of Santa Rosa in family medicine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/staff/19048-mark-hyman|title=Mark Hyman, MD|website=Cleveland Clinic}}</ref>
==Career==
=== Early career === Hyman started his medical career as a family physician in rural Idaho and later as an emergency department physician in Massachusetts.<ref name="AlternativeTherapies3" /><ref name="Kripalu">{{cite web |access-date=17 September 2013 |url=http://kripalu.org/blog/thrive/2012/04/07/turning-point-qa-with-mark-hyman-md/ |title=Turning Point: Q&A with Mark Hyman, MD |date=7 April 2012 |publisher=Kripalu}}</ref><ref name="ABC">{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Books/story?id=6639773&page=2 |access-date=17 September 2013 |date=14 January 2008 |title=Excerpt:The UltraMind Solution' |publisher=ABC}}</ref> He was the co-medical director at Canyon Ranch in Lenox, Massachusetts, from 1996 to 2004.<ref name="AlternativeTherapies3" /><ref name="CanyonRanchGuide">{{cite book |last=Sherman |first=Len |author-link=Len Sherman |date=2 October 2001 |title=The Canyon Ranch Guide to Living Younger Longer: A Complete Program for Optimal Health for Body, Mind, and Spirit |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-0684871363}}</ref> He opened The UltraWellness Center in Lenox after leaving Canyon Ranch.<ref name="BerkshireEagle2">{{cite news |newspaper=The Berkshire Eagle |location=Pittsfield, Massachusetts |date=26 January 2010 |title=Local couple provides medical relief for grieving Haitians|url=http://www.berkshireeagle.com/news/ci_14275051 |author=Derek Gentile}}</ref>
Hyman is one of the most prominent proponents of functional medicine,<ref name="independent2018">{{Cite web|last=McHale|first=Fionnuala|date=October 23, 2018|title=Functional medicine: Is it the future of healthcare or just another wellness trend?|url=https://www.independent.ie/life/health-wellbeing/functional-medicine-is-it-the-future-of-healthcare-or-just-another-wellness-trend-37437566.html|access-date=|website=Irish Independent|language=en}}</ref> a controversial form of alternative medicine;<ref name=gor1>{{cite web |publisher=Science-Based-Medicine |author=Gorski D |title=Functional medicine: The ultimate misnomer in the world of integrative medicine |url=https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/functional-medicine-the-ultimate-misnomer-in-the-world-of-integrative-medicine/ |date=27 September 2018}}</ref><ref name=bel1>{{cite web |publisher=Science-Based-Medicine |author=Bellamy J |title=AAFP: Functional Medicine lacks supporting evidence; includes "harmful" and "dangerous" treatments |url=https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/aafp-functional-medicine-lacks-supporting-evidence-includes-harmful-and-dangerous-treatments/ |date=26 October 2017}}</ref> there is no definitive clinical evidence of its effectiveness.<ref name=quackademic>{{cite web |website=Science–Based Medicine |url= http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/quackademia-update-2014/ |last= Gorski |first=David |author-link=David Gorski |title=Quackademia update: The Cleveland Clinic, George Washington University, and the continued infiltration of quackery into medical academia |access-date= 2016-12-02 |date= September 29, 2014}}</ref> He is a contributing editor to the journal ''Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine'' and was editor-in-chief until 2008.<ref name="AlternativeTherapies2">{{cite web |title=Editorial Board |url=http://www.alternative-therapies.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/Content.Main/id/67 |access-date=17 September 2013 |publisher=Alternative Therapies}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-02-11 |title=Integrative Medicine - A Clinician's Journal - Press Room |url=http://www.imjournal.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/Content.Main/id/43/pressroom |access-date=2025-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211130106/http://www.imjournal.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/Content.Main/id/43/pressroom |archive-date=February 11, 2009 }}</ref>
In 2009, Hyman testified before the United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions about integrative medical care.<ref name="Senate1" /><ref name="Senate2">{{cite web |url=http://www.help.senate.gov/hearings/hearing/?id=03629575-0924-cb2e-13cb-68a8065ababb |publisher=US Senate Committee |title=Full Committee Hearing — Integrative Care: A Pathway to a Healthier Nation |date=26 February 2009 |access-date=17 September 2013}}</ref> That same year, he won the Linus Pauling award from the Institute for Functional Medicine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linus Pauling Award {{!}} The Institute for Functional Medicine |url=https://www.ifm.org/functional-medicine/linus-pauling-award |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=www.ifm.org}}</ref>
=== 2010-2020 === Hyman participated in a Partners In Health program to bring medical care to Haiti following the 2010 Haiti earthquake.<ref name="CBS" /><ref name="BerkshireEagle3">{{cite news |newspaper=The Berkshire Eagle |location=Pittsfield, Massachusetts |date=11 January 2011 |title=Berkshire volunteers reflect on Haiti's road ahead |author=Jenn Smith}}</ref> In 2011, Hyman presented at The Nantucket Project on the root causes of disease.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tamny |first=John |date=Oct 14, 2011 |title=Can The Nantucket Project Change Who We Are? |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/johntamny/2011/10/09/can-the-nantucket-project-change-who-we-are/ |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref>
In December 2013, ''The Daniel Plan'', a book Hyman co-authored with Pastor Rick Warren and Daniel Amen, became number one on the New York Times Best Seller list and was awarded Christian Book of the Year in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Charles |first=Ron |date=2016-02-17 |title=Rick Warren's weight-loss plan named Christian Book of the Year - The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2015/05/05/place-holder/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217072257/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2015/05/05/place-holder/ |archive-date=Feb 17, 2016 |access-date=2025-01-13 |newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref><ref name="christian">{{cite news|url=http://www.christianpost.com/news/rick-warrens-bestseller-daniel-plan-seeks-to-change-lives-not-just-food-habits-112043/|title=Rick Warren's Bestseller 'Daniel Plan' Seeks to Change Lives, Not Just Food Habits|author=Anugrah Kumar|newspaper=Christian Post|access-date=31 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/rick-warren-co-authors-on-their-diet-program-the-daniel-plan/|title=Rick Warren, co-authors discuss their diet program, "The Daniel Plan"|date=4 December 2013 |publisher=CBS News|access-date=31 January 2014}}</ref> Hyman is the author of several books on nutrition and health, such as ''10 Day Detox Diet.''<ref>{{Cite news|url = http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/dr-mark-hyman-shows-deadly-sugar-addiction-article-1.1608553|title = '10 Day Detox Diet' author Mark Hyman tells how to end sugar addiction and clean up your diet|last = Pesce|first = Nicole Lyn|date = Feb 11, 2014|work = New York Daily News}}</ref> In 2014, Hyman founded Center for Functional Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.cleveland.com/healthfit/index.ssf/2014/09/cleveland_clinic_to_open_cente.html|title=Cleveland Clinic to open Center for Functional Medicine; Dr. Mark Hyman to be director|publisher=Cleveland.com|date=22 September 2014|access-date=29 November 2014|author=Townsend, Angela}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Stone |first=Abbey |date=2024-02-13 |title=The Real Life Diet of Longevity Doctor Mark Hyman, Who Developed a Six-Pack in His 60s |url=https://www.gq.com/story/mark-hyman-real-life-diet |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=GQ |language=en-US}}</ref> He appeared as a featured expert in the 2014 documentary film ''Fed Up.<ref name=":0" />''<ref name="NY-Times-2014" /> He was previously an unpaid contributing blogger for ''The Huffington Post'' through their contributors program.<ref name="HuffPo">{{cite news |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dr-mark-hyman/ |title=Mark Hyman |work=The Huffington Post |access-date=17 September 2013}}</ref> The same year, Hyman spoke at the World Economic Forum in Davos.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Townsend |first=Angela |date=2014-09-22 |title=Cleveland Clinic to open Center for Functional Medicine; Dr. Mark Hyman to be director |url=https://www.cleveland.com/healthfit/2014/09/cleveland_clinic_to_open_cente.html |access-date=2025-01-15 |website=The Plain Dealer |language=en}}</ref>
He collaborated with Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s 2014 book ''Thimerosal: Let the Science Speak'', writing the preface in which he advocates for the removal of thimerosal from vaccines as a precautionary measure.<ref name="Cracked31">{{cite AV media |title=Functional Medicine (CS31) - YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3EDW_upV3ZU |website=YouTube |access-date=18 April 2019 |publisher=McGill Office for Science and Society|date=13 April 2019 | time =6:18}}</ref> Hyman convinced Kennedy to remove controversial chapters incorrectly linking thimerosal to autism.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kloor|first=Keith|authorlink=Keith Kloor|date=July 18, 2014|title=Robert Kennedy Jr.'s new book raises questions, but are the answers clear?|language=en-US|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/robert-kennedy-jrs-belief-in-autism-vaccine-connection-and-its-political-peril/2014/07/16/f21c01ee-f70b-11e3-a606-946fd632f9f1_story.html|access-date=|issn=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Kaplan|first=Sarah|date=January 10, 2017|title=The truth about vaccines, autism and Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s conspiracy theory|language=en-US|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2017/01/10/the-facts-about-vaccines-autism-and-robert-f-kennedy-jr-s-conspiracy-theory/|access-date=|issn=}}</ref> In 2016, Hyman joined environmentalists and civil rights leaders in calling for federal investigations into U.S. fluoridation policy, writing that communities of color are at particular risk of adverse health impacts.<ref>SWIS News. Ref: 615 (April 2016). http://safewaterinformation.org/2016-2/april-2016/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202035144/http://safewaterinformation.org/2016-2/april-2016/ |date=February 2, 2017 }} Retrieved 22 Jan 2017</ref> In an episode of ''The Diary of a CEO'' podcast, Hyman claimed that autism could be caused by eating gluten or by childhood vaccines, contrary to widely accepted scientific evidence.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wilson |first=Clare |date=2024-12-13 |title=Four wildest health claims in Steven Bartlett's Diary of a CEO podcast debunked |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/wildest-claims-steven-bartlett-podcast-debunked-3431291 |access-date=2024-12-13 |website=The i Paper |language=en-US}}</ref>
A 2014 ''New York Times'' article described Hyman's relationship as a medical adviser to Bill and Hillary Clinton.<ref name="NY-Times-2014" />
Quackwatch lists Hyman's 2003 book ''Ultraprevention: The 6-Week Plan That Will Make You Healthy for Life'' as one of their non-recommended books due to promoting misinformation and containing unsubstantiated advice.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.quackwatch.org/04ConsumerEducation/nonrecbooks.html |title=Nonrecommended Books |website=Quackwatch |access-date=6 March 2014}}</ref>
In 2020, Hyman founded Food Fix Campaign, a nonprofit organization addressing the food system's impact on health and the environment through policy change.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nierenberg |first=Danielle |date=2023-02-24 |title=Activating Our Body's Own Innate Healing System |url=https://foodtank.com/news/2023/02/dr-mark-hyman-tells-us-how-to-activate-our-bodys-own-innate-healing-system/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Food Tank |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Casey Means |first=M. D. |date=2022-08-31 |title=A great meal may save America |url=https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/3620287-a-great-meal-may-save-america/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=The Hill |language=en-US}}</ref> Hyman was director of the Center for Functional Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic until some point in 2023, when cardiologist Dr. James E. Carter stepped into the position.<ref name=":5" />
=== 2021-present === In 2021, Hyman co-founded Function Health, a membership-based diagnostic health platform company that offers direct-to-consumer lab tests, including ones for organ health, hormone, nutrient, metabolic and cancer signal tests.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Gupta |first=Shalene |date=2024-03-19 |title=How Function Health is arming patients with extensive test results |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/91040051/function-health-most-innovative-companies-2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422012134/https://www.fastcompany.com/91040051/function-health-most-innovative-companies-2024 |archive-date=2024-04-22 |access-date=2025-01-13 |work=Fast Company |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Burns |first=Emily |date=2024-06-25 |title=Dr. Mark Hyman's Function Raises $53 Million Series A With Participation From Matt Damon, Zac Efron and More |url=https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/wellness/dr-mark-hyman-function-series-a-zac-efron-matt-damon-1236456498/ |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=WWD |language=en-US}}</ref> Hyman co-founded the company to deal with "an overburdened health system" that he claimed led to increases in chronic illness and misdiagnoses, and that the company "removed barriers around extensive lab testing."<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=Function raises Series A funding to provide access to over 100 lab tests |url=https://vator.tv/news/2024-06-25-function-raises-series-a-funding-to-provide-access-to-over-100-lab-tests |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=VatorNews}}</ref>
Since its founding in 2021, Hyman has acted as the chief medical officer of the company.<ref name=":1" /> As of 2023, Function Health has completed more than 3 million lab tests; as of 2024, the company had at least 100,000 members.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |last=Borrell |first=Brendan |date=2024-12-18 |title=He Built a Wellness Empire While Adventuring With Robert F. Kennedy Jr. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/18/health/mark-hyman-rfk-jr-functional-medicine.html |access-date=2025-01-13 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The company has raised $53 million in seed and series A fundraising rounds from Andreessen Horowitz, Wisdom.vc, Draft Ventures, K5 and G9 Ventures, among others.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3" /> The company partnered with health club Equinox Group to offer a personalized nutrition, sleep, and fitness coaching program.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Dana G. |date=2024-05-07 |title=Could Equinox's New $40,000 Membership Really Help You Live Longer? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/07/well/live/equinox-40000-optimize-longevity-membership.html |access-date=2025-01-15 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
In June 2024, Hyman launched a podcast called "Health Hacks."<ref name=":1" /> That same month, he signed with talent agency WME, also known as Endeavor.<ref name=":1" /> In September 2024, Hyman testified before the House Ways and Means health subcommittee about the root causes of disease.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Four Key Moments: Hearing on Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment – Ways and Means |url=https://waysandmeans.house.gov/2024/09/20/four-key-moments-hearing-on-chronic-disease-prevention-and-treatment/ |access-date=2025-01-13 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ogles |first=Jacob |date=2024-09-12 |title=Vern Buchanan to lead congressional hearing on chronic health care costs |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/695685-vern-buchanan-to-lead-congressional-hearing-on-chronic-health-care-costs/ |access-date=2025-01-15 |website=Florida Politics |language=en-US}}</ref> In October 2024, Thrive Global partnered with Hyman's Function Health to improve employee health, according to Thrive founder Arianna Huffington.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paulise |first=Luciana |title=AI-Powered Wellness: Thrive Global And Function Health's New Synergy |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/lucianapaulise/2024/10/30/ai-powered-wellness-thrive-global--function-healths-new-synergy/ |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> That month, Function Health also partnered with Grail to provide to early cancer detection tests.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gil |first=Bruce |date=2024-12-04 |title=This startup says it can screen for over 50 cancers with one simple blood draw |url=https://qz.com/ |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=Quartz |language=en}}</ref>
As of January 2025, he is the board president of clinical affairs of the Institute for Functional Medicine.<ref name="Katie1" /><ref name="BOD" /><ref name="PBS" /> In May 2025 Hyman was named to the Time 100 Health list.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Haupt |first=Angela |date=2025-05-08 |title=TIME100 Health: Mark Hyman |url=https://time.com/collections/time100-health-2025/7279625/mark-hyman/ |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=TIME |language=en}}</ref> That month, Function Health acquired Magnetic resonance imaging scanning company Ezra.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Capoot |first=Ashley |date=2025-05-05 |title=Function Health buys Ezra, launches full-body scan for a third of the price |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2025/05/05/function-health-mri-ezra.html |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref>
Hyman was hired as a contributor to CBS News by Bari Weiss in January 2026.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wilson |first=Jason |date=2026-01-29 |title=Bari Weiss’s new CBS hires include ‘germ theory denialist’ doctor |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/jan/29/bari-weiss-cbs-mark-hyman |access-date=2026-01-29 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
==Pegan diet== Hyman endorsed a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet in his books ''Eat Fat Get Thin'' and ''The Eat Fat, Get Thin Cookbook'', published in 2016. In these books, Hyman disputes commonly held ideas about consuming dietary fat.<ref name="O'Connor 2016">O'Connor, Anahad. (2016). [https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/03/04/making-the-case-for-eating-fat/ "Making a Case for Eating Fat"]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref> He says that saturated fat does not cause heart disease and obesity; processed carbohydrates do.<ref name="O'Connor 2016"/><ref name="Review">[https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-316-31750-4 "The Eat Fat, Get Thin Cookbook: More than 175 Delicious Recipes for Sustained Weight Loss and Vibrant Health"]. ''Publishers Weekly''. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref><ref>Owen, Jordan. (2016). [https://archive.today/20201109205321/https://chicago.suntimes.com/2016/11/14/18335262/dr-mark-hyman-s-new-cookbook-advises-we-can-eat-fat-get-thin "Dr. Mark Hyman's New cookbook advises we can 'Eat Fat, Get Thin'"]. ''Chicago Sun Times''. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref> Hyman recommends his readers transition to a pegan diet.<ref name="O'Connor 2016"/><ref name="Review"/>
Hyman promoted the pegan diet, a plant-rich diet that combines principles of the paleo and vegan diets.<ref name="Dennett 2019">Dennett, Carrie. (February 4, 2019). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/wellness/paleo-and-veganism-have-given-birth-to-peganism-but-is-this-new-diet-any-good-for-you/2019/02/01/fd023a4a-2331-11e9-81fd-b7b05d5bed90_story.html "Paleo and veganism have given birth to peganism. But is this new diet any good for you?"]. Washington Post. Retrieved 10 November 2020.</ref><ref>Rear, Jack. (2019). [https://archive.today/20201108210833/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/health-fitness/nutrition/introducing-pegan-diet-like-veganism-added-meat/ "Introducing the 'pegan diet' – like veganism, with added meat"]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref> The pegan diet is gluten-free and encourages consumption of nonstarchy vegetables with grass-fed organic meats and low-mercury fish. The diet consists of 75% plant foods and limits fruits to low-glycemic berries.<ref name="Dennett 2019"/> The pegan diet opposes refined sugar and foods that can spike insulin production. The diet also opposes cow's milk but is not dairy free. Hyman allows the occasional organic goat or sheep milk, yogurt, kefir, grass-fed butter, ghee or cheese.<ref name="Dennett 2019"/> Hyman has stated that the pegan diet can be defined by one simple rule: "If God made it, eat it; if man made it, leave it."<ref name="Dennett 2019"/>
Hyman first wrote about the pegan diet in 2014 and outlined it in his book ''Food: What the Heck Should I Eat?'', published in 2018.<ref>[https://drhyman.com/blog/2014/11/07/pegan-paleo-vegan/ "Why I am a Pegan – or Paleo-Vegan – and Why You Should Be Too!"]. Drhyman.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref><ref>[https://experiencelife.com/article/mark-hyman-peganism/ "The 13 Pillars of the Pegan Diet"]. Experiencelife.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref>
===Reception=== The pegan diet has been termed by some dietitians as a fad diet.<ref name="Dennett 2019"/><ref name="Health 24">[https://archive.today/20201108223833/https://www.health24.com/Diet-and-nutrition/News/heres-the-latest-diet-fad-called-peganism-20190208 "Here’s the latest diet fad called 'peganism'"]. Health24.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref> The diet's emphasis on vegetables and omega-3 fats is in accord to mainstream nutrition advice but has been criticized for limiting the consumption of beans and whole grains, which are associated with multiple health benefits such as reducing cardiovascular disease and cancer risk and supporting weight management.<ref name="Dennett 2019"/><ref name="Thalheimer 2015">[https://www.todaysdietitian.com/newarchives/1015p20.shtml "For Your Information: Understanding the Pegan Diet By Judith C. Thalheimer, RD, LDN Today's Dietitian Vol. 17 No. 10 P. 20"]. Todaysdietitian.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref> The pegan diet has been called restrictive and it has been suggested that it may cause magnesium, iron or calcium deficiency.<ref>[https://www.abbeyskitchen.com/the-pegan-diet-paleo-vegan/ "The Pegan Diet (Paleo Vegan) | A Dietitian’s Guide to Risks vs Benefits"]. Abbeyskitchen.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref>
A review in ''Publishers Weekly'' commented that "''Pegan'' is a silly, paradoxical misnomer: no diet can be simultaneously paleo (meat, fats, and few vegetables/fruit) and vegan (with no animal products whatsoever). However, the diet’s recommendations are basically sound: fresh, locally sourced, preferably organic food; nothing refined or processed; and a focus on not raising blood sugar."<ref>[https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-316-33886-8 "Food: What the Heck Should I Eat? The No-nonsense Guide to Achieving Optimal Weight and Lifelong Health"]. ''Publishers Weekly''. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref>
Dietitian Carrie Dennett has written that "while the pegan diet is more moderate - and potentially easier to follow - than either of its dietary parents, it does restrict many nutritious foods for reasons that aren't quite supported by science."<ref name="Dennett 2019"/> A downside to the diet is that it can be costly for those with low incomes who cannot afford the expensive "grass-fed" and "pasture-raised" animal source foods that Hyman recommends.<ref name="Dennett 2019"/> Aisling Pigott, a dietitian and spokesperson for the British Dietetic Association, has suggested that the pegan diet is too restrictive to maintain and although some of its principles such as eating more plant-based foods and fewer processed foods are recommended for good health, "labeling this as a 'diet' is unethical and potentially dangerous and difficult to follow."<ref>Muzaffar, Maroosha. (2019). [https://www.ozy.com/the-new-and-the-next/new-millennial-diet-vegan-paleo-peganism/92943/ "New Millennial Diet: Vegan + Palo = Peganism"]. Ozy.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref>
Dietitian Alyssa Pike has disputed Hyman's claim that gluten should be avoided by people without a gluten allergy or intolerance and concluded that "the concept of this diet, combined with its number of restrictive rules, will likely make it hard to follow long-term and add to confusion about what to eat and why."<ref>[https://foodinsight.org/what-is-the-pegan-diet-vegan-paleo-mashup/ "What is the Pegan Diet?"]. Foodinsight.org. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref>
Oncologist Adil Akhtar has commented that "the pegan diet has taken good things from the vegan diet and attached it to some of the good things from the paleo diet. Both of them emphasize eating whole, natural foods, and avoiding eating anything processed or anything artificial. If you look at the pegan diet, it's about 75% vegan. The only difference is the source of protein in the vegan diet. Vegans get protein from beans and legumes. On the pegan diet, you're allowed to tap into grass-fed, healthy animal meat".<ref name=USNWR>{{cite news |last1=Howley |first1=Elaine K. |title=What is the Pegan Diet? |url=https://health.usnews.com/wellness/food/articles/what-is-the-pegan-diet |work=U.S. News & World Report |date=July 3, 2019}}</ref> Akhtar has noted that the pegan diet "looks quite close to the Mediterranean diet" and may be helpful to those who want to reduce their risk of developing cancer.<ref name=USNWR/>
==Publications == * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2005 |title=Ultraprevention: The 6-Week Plan that Will Make You Healthy for Life |publisher=Atria Books |location=New York |isbn=978-0-7434-4883-3 |oclc=57448242 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/ultraprevention00mark }} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2007 |title=The Ultrametabolism Cookbook: 200 Delicious Recipes that Will Turn on Your Fat-Burning DNA |publisher=Scribner |location=New York |isbn=978-1-4165-4959-8 |oclc=156902321}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2008 |title=The UltraMind Solution: Fix Your Broken Brain by Healing Your Body First: The Simple Way to Defeat Depression, Overcome Anxiety and Sharpen Your Mind |url=https://archive.org/details/ultramindsolutio01hyma |url-access=registration |publisher=Scribner |location=New York |isbn=978-1-4165-4971-0 |oclc=297439691}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2008 |title=Ultrametabolism: The Simple Plan for Automatic Weight Loss: Awakening the Fat-Burning DNA Hidden in Your Body |publisher=Atria Books |location=New York |isbn=978-0-7432-7256-8 |oclc=213354732}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2009 |title=The Ultrasimple Diet: Kick-Start Your Metabolism and Safely Lose Up to 10 Pounds in 7 Days |publisher=Pocket Books |location=New York |isbn=978-1-4391-7131-8 |oclc=351316362}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2012 |title=The Blood Sugar Solution: The Ultrahealthy Program for Losing Weight, Preventing Disease, and Feeling Great Now |publisher=Little, Brown and Co |location=New York, NY |isbn=978-0-316-12737-0 |oclc=639167583}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |title=The Blood Sugar Solution Cookbook: More Than 175 Ultra-Tasty Recipes for Total Health and Weight Loss |publisher=Little, Brown |location= |isbn=9780316248174 |oclc= |url-access=registration |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MRo3AQAAQBAJ |date=February 26, 2013}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2014 |title=The Blood Sugar Solution 10-Day Detox Diet: Activate Your Body's Natural Ability to Burn Fat and Lose Weight Fast |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=New York, NY |isbn=978-0-316-23002-5 |oclc=843858725}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2015 |title=The Blood Sugar Solution 10-Day Detox Diet Cookbook: More Than 150 Recipes to Help You Lose Weight and Stay Healthy for Life |publisher=Little, Brown |location= |isbn=9780316338806 |oclc= |url-access=registration |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G_l9BAAAQBAJ }} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2016 |title=Eat Fat, Get Thin: Why the Fat We Eat is the Key to Sustained Weight Loss and Vibrant Health |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=New York |isbn=978-0-316-33883-7 |oclc=911070119}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2017 |title=The Eat Fat, Get Thin Cookbook: More Than 175 Delicious Recipes for Sustained Weight Loss and Vibrant Health |publisher=Little, Brown |location= |isbn=9780316317498 |oclc= |url-access=registration |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G_l9BAAAQBAJ }} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2018 |title=Food: What the Heck Should I Eat? The No-nonsense Guide to Achieving Optimal Weight and Lifelong Health|publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=New York |isbn=978-0-316-33886-8 }} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2019 |title=Food: What the Heck Should I Cook?|publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=New York |isbn=978-0-316-45313-4}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2020 |title=Food Fix: How to Save our Health, Our Economy, Our Communities, and Our Planet - One Bite at a Time |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=New York |isbn=978-0-316-45317-2 |oclc=1105151559}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2023 |title=Young Forever. |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=New York |isbn=978-0316453189}} * {{cite book |last=Hyman |first=Mark |author-mask=1 |year=2024 |title=The Young Forever Cookbook. |publisher=Little, Brown Spark |location=New York |isbn=978-0316571623}}
== References == {{reflist|30em}}
== Further reading == *{{cite web |last= Gorski |first= David |author-link=David Gorski |date=14 April 2014 |title= Bill and Hillary Clinton go woo with Dr. Mark Hyman and 'functional medicine' |url= http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/bill-and-hillary-clinton-go-woo-with-mark-hyman-and-functional-medicine/ |website=Science-Based Medicine}}
{{Low-carbohydrate diets}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hyman, Mark}} Category:1959 births Category:20th-century American male writers Category:20th-century American non-fiction writers Category:20th-century American medical doctors Category:21st-century American male writers Category:21st-century American medical doctors Category:21st-century American non-fiction writers Category:American cookbook writers Category:American health and wellness writers Category:American male non-fiction writers Category:American medical writers Category:American primary care physicians Category:Cornell University alumni Category:Living people Category:Low-carbohydrate cookbook writers Category:Low-carbohydrate diet advocates Category:Pseudoscientific diet advocates Category:University of Ottawa alumni