Particle acceleration

{{short description|none}} {{About|small-scale particle acceleration in acoustics|acceleration of charged particles to very high energies|particle accelerator}} {{Multiple issues| {{expert|physics|date=July 2024||reason=Generally unclear; also specifically not clear if referring to sound particles or matter particles. Unreferenced}} {{One source|date=July 2024}} {{Confusing|date=July 2018}} }} In acoustics, '''particle acceleration''' is the acceleration (rate of change in speed and direction) of particles{{clarify|date=July 2024}} in a sound transmission medium. When sound passes through a medium it causes particle displacement<ref>{{cite book | author= Arthur Schuster | title=An Introduction to the Theory of Optics | publisher=London: Edward Arnold | year=1904 | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Zb4KAAAAIAAJ | quote= An Introduction to the Theory of Optics By Arthur Schuster. }}</ref> and as such causes changes in their acceleration.

The acceleration of the air{{dubious|date=July 2024}} particles of a plane sound wave is given by: <math display="block"> a = \delta \cdot \omega^2 = v \cdot \omega = \frac{p \cdot \omega}{Z} = \omega \sqrt \frac{J}{Z} = \omega \sqrt \frac{E}{\rho} = \omega \sqrt \frac{P_\text{ac}}{Z \cdot A} </math> {| class="wikitable" ! Symbol !! Units !! Meaning |- ! ''a'' | m/s2 || particle acceleration |- ! ''v'' | m/s || particle velocity |- ! ''δ'' | m, meters || particle displacement |- ! ''ω'' = 2''πf'' | radians/s || angular frequency |- ! ''f'' | Hz, hertz || frequency |- ! ''p'' | Pa, pascals || sound pressure |- ! ''Z'' | N·s/m3 || acoustic impedance |- ! ''J'' | W/m2 || sound intensity |- ! ''E'' | W·s/m3 || sound energy density |- ! ''P''ac | W, watts || sound power or acoustic power |- ! ''A'' | m2 || area |}

==References== {{reflist}}

== External links == *[http://www.sengpielaudio.com/RelationshipsOfAcousticQuantities.pdf Relationships of acoustic quantities associated with a plane progressive acoustic sound wave - pdf]

Category:Acoustics