{{Short description|Malformation of the skull in which the head appears tall and thin}} {{Infobox medical condition (new) | synonyms = Oxycephaly,<ref name="Mosby">{{cite book|title=Mosby's Medical Dictionary|year=2009|publisher=Elsevier|url=http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oxycephaly|edition=8th|access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> Acrocephaly, Hypsicephaly,<ref name="Mosby" /> Oxycephalia,<ref name="Mosby" /> Steeple head,<ref name="Mosby" /> Tower head,<ref name="Mosby" /> Tower skull, High-head syndrome, Turmschädel<ref name="pmid15415226">{{cite journal|last=Bodian|first=Martin|title=Oxycephaly.|journal=Journal of the American Medical Association|date=May 6, 1950|volume=143|issue=1|pages=15–8|doi=10.1001/jama.1950.02910360017006|pmid=15415226}}</ref> | name = Turricephaly | image = File:Turricephaly.jpg | caption = | | pronounce = | field = dysmorphology | symptoms = reduced head length and width for age | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} '''Turricephaly''' is a type of cephalic disorder where the head appears tall with a small length and width.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Turricephaly |url=https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=b1c6362251bad427 |access-date=2022-10-29 |website=Elements of Morphology |publisher=National Human Genome Research Institute}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Allanson |first1=Judith E. |last2=Cunniff |first2=Christopher |last3=Hoyme |first3=H. Eugene |last4=McGaughran |first4=Julie |last5=Muenke |first5=Max |last6=Neri |first6=Giovanni |date=January 2009 |title=Elements of morphology: standard terminology for the head and face |journal=American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A |volume=149A |issue=1 |pages=6–28 |doi=10.1002/ajmg.a.32612 |issn=1552-4833 |pmc=2778021 |pmid=19125436}}</ref> It is due to premature closure of the coronal suture plus any other suture, like the lambdoid,<ref name=TheFreeDictionary>{{cite web|title=oxycephaly|url=http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oxycephaly|publisher=TheFreeDictionary|access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> or it may be used to describe the premature fusion of all sutures.<ref name="pmid15415226" /> It should be differentiated from Crouzon syndrome. Oxycephaly (or acrocephaly) is a form of turricephaly where the head is cone-shaped, and is the most severe of the craniosynostoses.<ref name=":0" />
==Presentation== ===Common associations=== It may be associated with:<ref name="Radiopaedia.org">{{cite web|last=Weerakkody|first=Yuranga|title=Oxycephaly|url=http://radiopaedia.org/articles/oxycephaly|publisher=Radiopaedia.org|access-date=24 August 2013|author2=Goel, Ayush}}</ref> * 8th cranial nerve lesion * Optic nerve compression * Intellectual disability * Syndactyly ===Conditions with turricephaly=== Conditions with turricephaly include:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Turricephaly (Concept Id: C5399823) |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/1726910 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxycephaly (Concept Id: C4551646) |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/1634950 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref> * Achondrogenesis, type IA * Acrocephalopolydactyly * Acrocephalosyndactyly type V (Goodman syndrome) * Acrocraniofacial dysostosis * Alopecia - contractures - dwarfism - intellectual disability syndrome * CEBALID syndrome * Chromosome 1q21.1 deletion syndrome * Chromosome 4q32.1-q32.2 triplication syndrome * Chromosome 5p13 duplication syndrome * Cole-Carpenter syndrome 2 * Craniorhiny * Craniosynostosis (nonsyndromic) 6 * Craniosynostosis, Boston-type (nonsyndromic) * Craniosynostosis and dental anomalies * Fontaine progeroid syndrome * Gomez Lopez Hernandez syndrome * Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 65 * MEGF8-related Carpenter syndrome * Mosaic trisomy 12<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mosaic trisomy 12 (Concept Id: CN073989) |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/449311 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}{{dead link|date=July 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> * Myopathy, epilepsy, and progressive cerebral atrophy * Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 2A (Zellweger) * Potocki-Shaffer syndrome * Saethre-Chotzen syndrome * Spondyloenchondrodysplasia with immune dysregulation * Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Sedaghatian type * Summitt syndrome * Teebi-Shaltout syndrome * Tolchin-Le Caignec syndrome * TWIST1-related craniosynostosis * Usmani-Riazuddin syndrome, autosomal dominant
<gallery> File:Acrocephalie 1.jpg|Carpenter syndrome File:Syphilis and Marriage 5 (Acrocephalus).jpg|Congenital syphilis File:Oxyhydrocephalus.jpg|Hydrocephalus File:Turricephalus (microcephalic type).jpg|Microcephaly File:Lewin Acrocephaly 1.jpg|Pfeiffer syndrome File:Merlini 9.jpg|Saethre-Chotzen syndrome </gallery>
==Diagnosis== {{Empty section|date=February 2018}}
==Treatment== {{Empty section|date=February 2018}}
==See also== * Acrocephalosyndactylia
==References== {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} {{reflist}}
==Further reading== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080920160408/http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cephalic_disorders/detail_cephalic_disorders.htm NINDS Overview] * {{cite journal|last=Ebenezer|first=Roy|title=Craniostenosis or oxycephaly|journal=Indian Journal of Ophthalmology|year=1960|volume=8|issue=3|pages=77–80|pmid=13819157|url=http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=1960;volume=8;issue=3;spage=77;epage=80;aulast=Ebenezer|issn=0301-4738}}
== External links == {{wiktionary|oxycephaly}} {{Medical resources | ICD11 = {{ICD11|LB70.0Y}} | ICD10 = {{ICD10|Q|75|0|q|65}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|756.0}} | ICDO = | OMIM = 123100 | OMIM_mult = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | DiseasesDB = | Orphanet = 63440 }} {{Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system}}
Category:Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system Category:Rare diseases