{{Short description|Breed of goldfish}} {{about|the breed of goldfish}} {{More citations needed|date=June 2024}}{{Infobox goldfish breed | name = Oranda | image = Orange Oranda.jpg | country = China | type = Veiltailed | aga = | bas = https://www.goldfish-types.info/goldfish-types/oranda/oranda.htm }} The '''oranda''' is a breed of goldfish characterized by a prominent bubble-like "hood" on the head. The headgrowth or hood (also known as a "wen" or "crown") may be a prominent growth on the top of the head (cranial region) or may encase the entire face except the mouth.<ref>[http://www.bristol-aquarists.org.uk/goldfish/oranda/oranda.htm BAS: Oranda]</ref><ref name=Andrews>Andrews, Chris. An Interpet Guide to Fancy Goldfish, Interpet Publishing, 2002. - {{ISBN|1-902389-64-6}}</ref><ref name=Johnson>Johnson, Dr. Erik L., D.V.M. and Richard E. Hess. Fancy Goldfish: A Complete Guide to Care and Collecting, Weatherhill, Shambala Publications, Inc., 2006. - {{ISBN|0-8348-0448-4}}</ref>
The name comes from the Japanese ''Oranda-shishi-gashira'', meaning "Dutch lionhead". The breed is in fact of Chinese origin, but it may have been introduced to Japan via the Dutch trading post at Dejima. Alternatively, "Dutch" may simply mean "exotic" or "foreign" in this context.<ref>{{cite OED|Oranda|9156916530}}</ref>
==Description== thumb|left|Orange oranda with a white full-faced cap ("wen") thumb|right|Common colors in orandas. The top one possessed a ''Tancho'' coloration while the bottom is orange. thumb|right|A pair of red-cap oranda goldfish. The one on the left has red-colored lips. Due to the fleshy outgrowth on the upper half of its head and sides of its face, the oranda has become one of the most popular goldfish.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}} The headgrowth is described as a "wen" by Chinese aquarists.{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
The oranda is a metallic or matte scaled goldfish that is similar in appearance to the veiltail. It has a large, long and deep body accompanied by a long quadruple tail. This four-lobed and contracted tail normally spreads out broadly when the oranda stops swimming. The back does not rise up to form a ryukin-like hump.<ref name="Andrews" /><ref name="Johnson" />
Orandas are available in a variety of colors, most often orange, red, red-and-white, red-and-black, black, blue, chocolate, bronze, white or silver, black-and-white (panda-colored), red-black-and-white (tricolor), and calico colors.<ref name=Koko>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20040818052753/http://kokosgoldfish.com/ORANDAM.html Koko's Goldfish World: Oranda, KokosGoldfishWorld.com]}}, retrieved on: 3 June 2007.</ref><ref name=Andrews/><ref name=Johnson/>
The headgrowth of young fry may take one to two years to develop.<ref name=Koko/><ref name=Andrews/> The oranda can reach {{convert|20|to|31|cm|in|abbr=off|sp=us}} in length.<ref name=Andrews/><ref name=Johnson/> Sometimes the wen grows enormously, covering the eyes of the goldfish. Due to this, the fish may have only limited eyesight or even become blind. Special care should be given to the wen because it is prone to bacterial infections. The Oranda can tolerate temperatures from {{convert|17|to|28|C|F}}. More recently blue scale oranda have been developed but these fish are very rare.
==Variants== *The '''azuma nishiki''' is an attractive nacreous-colored form of the oranda.<ref name=Andrews/> *The '''red-cap oranda''' has a silverish white body with a prominent red headgrowth on the forehead.<ref name=Andrews/> *Chinese breeders have developed '''telescope eyed''' orandas, a cross-breeding of the telescope eye and oranda goldfish.<ref name=Johnson/> *The '''hana fusa''' or ''' pompom oranda''' is a pompom with a dorsal fin and headgrowth like an oranda. It is a cross between the oranda and a dorsal formed pompom.<ref name=Andrews/> *The '''nagate oranda''' is a long body oranda developed in Shikoku, south west area of Japan. *The '''Apache oranda''' is a form of oranda that bears both red and black together. Fish cannot be named Apaches if the blackness only exists on the fin/s. {{citation needed|date=October 2018}} *The '''panda oranda''' is a variety of oranda that is bi-colored or tri-colored, most identifiable by the black-and-white coloration for which it is named. *The '''Ingot oranda''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Ingot Oranda |url=http://www.goldfishnet.com/goldfish-varieties.php?listid=33 |website=goldfishnet.com |access-date=18 October 2018}}</ref> also known as the '''Yuan-Bao oranda''', is a new Chinese variety of oranda that was crossed from a ryukin with a Ranchu. Its large, short round body has the characteristics of a Ranchu, with its box shaped face containing wen. Its tail is somewhat equal as to the ryukin, though generally short-finned ingots are very popular and widely produced today. *The '''Chakin''' (チャキン), also named the '''chocolate oranda''', is a colored variant of an oranda. It has brownish scales with a color like that of chocolate. Its actual name means Tea fish or Tea goldfish in Japanese.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chocolate Oranda |url=http://www.samurai-goldfish.net/kingyocatalog/chakin.html |website=Japanese Goldfish Catalog}}</ref> *The Seibungyo (成分魚) or Seibun is a blue oranda, named for its bluish grey silver coloration. The "blue" is combined with both black areas on the outside skin, and black from the inside layers, to form a blue-like sheen.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seibun |url=http://www.samurai-goldfish.net/kingyocatalog/seibungyo.html |website=Japanese Goldfish Catalog |access-date=18 October 2018}}</ref> *The '''black oranda''' is a currently developed color variety that is crossed from the black moor. {{citation needed|date=October 2018}} *The '''jade seal oranda''' is a type of color pattern that consists of a white, clear cap on its head, while the rest of the body is red or orange. {{citation needed|date=October 2018}}
==Special care== Orandas are sensitive to low water temperatures and can be kept with other goldfish.<ref name=Andrews/> If their wen grows too much, it may hinder vision, so it is advised to keep them with other goldfish with similarly poor vision in order to make sure that they do not starve because of the able-sighted competition. Some aquarists prefer to trim the wen off of the goldfish by using scissors to prevent blindness and dousing with peroxide to prevent damaging essential areas around the face or body.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rand |first1=Brenda |title=Wen Trim or Removal |url=https://goldfish-emergency.com/gfe-knowledge-base/goldfish-koi-health/wen-trim-or-removal/ |website=Goldfish Emergency |date=13 September 2015 |access-date=18 October 2018}}</ref> Their wen is also susceptible to injury from rough objects placed in their residence.
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons}} * [http://www.samurai-goldfish.net/kingyocatalog/orandashishigashira.html Varieties of Goldfish -About Oranda] * [http://www.samurai-goldfish.net/kingyocatalog/azumanishiki.html Varieties of Goldfish -About Calico Oranda] * [http://www.samurai-goldfish.net/kingyocatalog/seibungyo.html Varieties of Goldfish -About Blue Oranda(Seibun)] * [http://www.samurai-goldfish.net/kingyocatalog/chakin.html Varieties of Goldfish -About Chocolate Oranda] * [http://www.samurai-goldfish.net/kingyocatalog/tanchou.html Varieties of Goldfish -About Redcap Oranda] * [https://ctplapps.in/regal-oranda-goldfish-secrets About Oranda goldfish]
{{Goldfish breeds}}
Category:Japanese words and phrases