{{Short description|Growth in the navel}}{{Infobox medical condition | name = Omphalolith | synonym = umbolith, omphalith, navel stone, umbilical concretion | image = Omphalolith by hariadhi.svg | specialty = Dermatology, General Medicine | onset = Elderly | causes = Poor hygiene | risks = Age, obesity | differential = Melanoma, keloids, endometriosis, dermatofibroma, cholesteatoma, foreign bodies, persistent omphalomesenteric duct. | treatment = Removal | complications = Irritation, bleeding, infection | ICD-9 CM = 789.9 | ICD-10 CM = R19.8 }} An '''omphalolith''', also known as a '''umbolith''', '''omphalith''',<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Omphalith|first1=Y.|last1=Ichiki|first2=Y.|last2=Kitajima|date=April 17, 2009|journal=Clinical and Experimental Dermatology|volume=34|issue=3|pages=420–421|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.02959.x|pmid=19120385|s2cid=221545259 }}</ref> '''navel stone''',<ref name="plewig">{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59715-2_72|title=ACNE and ROSACEA|first1=Gerd|last1=Plewig|first2=Albert M.|last2=Kligman|chapter=Omphalolith: The Ugly Navel Stone|editor-first1=Gerd|editor-last1=Plewig|editor-first2=Albert M.|editor-last2=Kligman|date=April 17, 2000|publisher=Springer|page=553|via=Springer Link|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-59715-2_72|isbn=978-3-642-59715-2}}</ref> '''omphalokeratolith''',<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Jouini |first=Wafa |last2=Litaiem |first2=Noureddine |last3=Zaimi |first3=Yosra |last4=Mouelhi |first4=Leila |last5=Debbeche |first5=Radhouane |last6=Zeglaoui |first6=Faten |date=October 11, 2022 |title=Omphalolith: An underdiagnosed entity |url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9552982/ |journal=Clinical Case Reports |volume=10 |issue=10 |article-number=e6443 |doi=10.1002/ccr3.6443 |issn=2050-0904 |pmc=9552982 |pmid=36245467}}</ref> or '''umbilical concretion'''<ref name="Mihara"/> is a periumbilical mass that may form due to the accumulation of sebum and keratin.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Omphalolith|first1=Sampath K. L.|last1=Kumar|first2=C. Obula|last2=Reddy|first3=Keertinmayee|last3=Reddy|date=June 17, 2011|journal=The Indian Journal of Surgery|volume=73|issue=3|pages=238–239|doi=10.1007/s12262-010-0143-z|pmid=22654343|pmc=3087053}}</ref> The colour is black or brown, and may be related to the skin type of the patient.<ref name="plewig" /> It may be caused by poor hygiene,<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Houghton|first1=Andrew R.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qn06DwAAQBAJ&q=%22Omphalolith%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA121|title=Chamberlain's Symptoms and Signs in Clinical Medicine, An Introduction to Medical Diagnosis|last2=Gray|first2=David|date=2010-05-28|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4822-1378-2|language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|121}} and may form in retracted navels in obese people.<ref name="Mihara"/> It is more common in the elderly and may persist for years.<ref name=":0" />
Omphaloliths can be diagnosed by clinical examination and should be distinguished from metastatic malignancy, malignant melanoma, keloids, umbilical endometriosis, dermatofibroma, cholesteatoma, foreign bodies like terminal hairs (trichobezoar), and persistent omphalomesenteric duct. They may be complicated by irritation, erosions, bleeding, and infection. Removal can be accomplished by forceps, perhaps with a lubricant such as petroleum jelly.<ref name=":0" />
== Etymology == The name was derived from the Greek words ''omphalos'' ({{lang|el|ομφαλός}}) 'navel' and ''lithos'' ({{lang|el|λίθος}}) 'stone'.<ref name="Mihara">{{Cite journal|title=Omphalolith: An Umbilical Concretion to Recognize|first=Kip|last=Mihara|date=November 17, 2016|journal=Journal of General Internal Medicine|volume=31|issue=11|page=1396|doi=10.1007/s11606-016-3708-0|pmid=27114363|pmc=5071274}}</ref>
== References == {{Reflist}}
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Category:Cutaneous conditions Category:Nephrology