{{one source|date=March 2013}} {{short description|Runic alphabet letter}} {{infobox rune | lang1 = pg | lang2 = oe | lang3 = on | name1 = '''*Naudiz''' | name2 = '''Nýd''' | name3 = '''Nauðr''' | meaning13 = "need, hardship" | shape12 = x50px|class=skin-invert-image | shape3a = x50px|class=skin-invert-image | shape3b = x50px|class=skin-invert-image | unicode hex12 = 16BE | unicode hex3a = 16BE | unicode hex3b = 16BF | transliteration13 = '''n''' | transcription13 = ''n'' | IPA13 = {{IPA|[n]}} | position12 = 10 | position3 = 8 }} {{Contains special characters|Runic|width=30em}} '''*Naudiz''' is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of the ''n''-rune {{runic|ᚾ}}, meaning "need, distress". In the Anglo-Saxon futhorc, it is continued as {{runic|ᚾ}} ''nyd'', in the Younger Futhark as {{runic|ᚾ}}, Icelandic ''naud'' and Old Norse ''nauðr''. The corresponding Gothic letter is 𐌽 ''n'', named ''nauþs''.
The rune may have been an original innovation, or it may have been adapted from the Rhaetic's alphabet's ''N''.<ref>{{Citation | publisher = Uni Frankfurt | last = Gippert | first = Jost | url = http://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/didact/idg/germ/runealph.htm | title = The Development of Old Germanic Alphabets | access-date = 2007-03-21 | archive-date = 2021-02-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210225051327/http://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/didact/idg/germ/runealph.htm | url-status = live }}.</ref>
The valkyrie Sigrdrífa in Sigrdrífumál talks (to Sigurd) about the rune as a beer-rune and that "You should learn beer-runes if you don’t want another man’s wife to abuse your trust if you have a tryst. Carve them on the drinking-horn and on the back of your hand, and carve the rune ᚾ on your fingernail."
The rune is recorded in all three rune poems:
{| class="wikitable" | '''Rune Poem:'''<ref>Original poems and translation from the [http://www.ragweedforge.com/poems.html Rune Poem Page] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990501094729/http://www.ragweedforge.com/poems.html |date=1999-05-01 }}.</ref> | '''English Translation:''' |- | '''Old Norwegian''' <br />{{runic|ᚾ}} Nauðr gerer næppa koste; <br />nøktan kælr í froste. | <br />Constraint gives scant choice; <br />a naked man is chilled by the frost. |- | '''Old Icelandic''' <br />{{runic|ᚾ}} Nauð er Þýjar þrá <br />ok þungr kostr <br />ok vássamlig verk. <br />''opera'' niflungr. | <br />Constraint is grief of the bond-maid <br />and state of oppression <br />and toilsome work. |- | '''Old English''' <br />{{runic|ᚾ}} Nẏd bẏþ nearu on breostan; <br /> ƿeorþeþ hi þeah oft niþa bearnum <br />to helpe and to hæle gehƿæþre, <br />gif hi his hlẏstaþ æror. | <br />Trouble is oppressive to the heart; <br />yet often it proves a source of help and salvation <br />to the children of men, to everyone who heeds it betimes. |}
==See also== *Elder Futhark *Younger Futhark *Rune poem
== References == {{reflist|2}}
{{Runes}}
Category:Runes
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