{{Short description|Genus of fishes}} {{Italic title}} {{Automatic taxobox | name = Nases | image = Chondrostoma nasus (aka).jpg | image_upright = 1.2 | image_caption = Common nase, ''C. nasus''.<br/>Note mouth to the lower left of eye. | display_parents = 2 | taxon = Chondrostoma | authority = Agassiz, 1832<ref name = "Cof family/> | type_species = ''Cyprinus nasus'' | type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758<ref name = "Cof family/> | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text | synonyms = {{Genus list | Chondrochilus | Heckel, 1843 | Chondrorhynchus | Heckel, 1843 | Machaerochilus | Fitzinger, 1873 | Nasus | Basilewsky, 1855 }} | synonyms_ref = <ref name = "Cof family">{{Cof family|family=Leuciscinae|access-date=27 March 2025}}</ref> }}
'''''<span lang="fr" dir="ltr">Chondrostoma</span>''''' (from the Ancient Greek roots {{lang|grc|χόνδρος}} (''khondros'') 'lump' + {{lang|grc|στόμα}} (''stoma'') 'mouth' = 'lump-mouth') is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Leuciscidae. They are commonly known as '''nases,''' although this term is also used locally to denote particular species, most frequently the common nase (''C. nasus''). The common name refers to the protruding upper jaw of these fishes; it is derived from the German term ''Nase'' 'nose'.
Several species have a very restricted range. Some of these endemics are very rare nowadays, and at least one species is globally extinct.
== Systematics == In 2007 it was determined that the presumed monophyletic group consisted of six at least partly independent lineages of Leuciscinae, meaning that the rasping feeding apparatus evolved more than once. It was proposed to split the genus in six in consequence: ''Achondrostoma'', ''Chondrostoma'', ''Iberochondrostoma'', ''Pseudochondrostoma'', ''Protochondrostoma'' and ''Parachondrostoma''. But at least ''Achondrostoma'' and ''Iberochondrostoma'' may not be separable.<ref>Gante ''et al.'' (2007), Robalo ''et al.'' (2008)</ref>
== Species == These are the currently recognized species in this genus:<ref>{{FishBase genus | genus = Chondrostoma| month = December | year = 2012}}</ref><ref name =jim>{{Cite journal|last1=Küçük|first1=Fahrettin|last2=Çiftçi|first2=Yılmaz|last3=Güçlü|first3=Salim Serkan|last4=Turan|first4=Davut|date=2021-07-04|title=Chondrostoma smyrnae, a new nase from the Tahtalı reservoir drainage in the Aegean Sea basin (Teleostei, Leuciscidae)|url=https://zse.pensoft.net/article/63691/|journal=Zoosystematics and Evolution|language=en|volume=97|issue=1|pages=235–248|doi=10.3897/zse.97.63691|issn=1860-0743|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name = "Cof genus">{{Cof genus|genus=Chondrostoma|access-date=27 March 2025}}</ref> * ''Chondrostoma angorense'' <small>Elvira, 1987</small> (Ankara nase) * ''Chondrostoma beysehirense'' <small>Bogutskaya, 1997</small> (Beysehir nase) * ''Chondrostoma ceyhanense'' <small>Küçük, Turan, Güçlü, Mutlu & Çiftci, 2017</small> * ''Chondrostoma colchicum'' <small>Derjugin, 1899</small> (Colchic nase) * ''Chondrostoma cyri'' <small>Kessler, 1877</small> (Kura nase) * ''Chondrostoma esmaeilii'' <small>Eagderi, Jouladeh-Roudbar, Birecikligil, Çiçek & Coad 2017</small> * ''Chondrostoma holmwoodii'' <small>(Boulenger 1896)</small> (Izmir nase) * ''Chondrostoma kinzelbachi'' <small>Krupp, 1985</small> (Orontes nase) * ''Chondrostoma knerii'' <small>Heckel, 1843</small> (Neretvan nase) * ''Chondrostoma kubanicum'' <small>Berg, 1914</small> (Kuban nase) * ''Chondrostoma meandrense'' <small>Elvira, 1987</small> (Menderes nase) * ''Chondrostoma nasus'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> (Common nase) * ''Chondrostoma ohridanum'' <small>Karaman, 1924</small> * ''Chondrostoma orientale'' <small>Bianco & Bănărescu, 1982</small> (Iranian nase) * ''Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum'' <small>Kessler, 1877</small> (Terek nase) * ''Chondrostoma phoxinus'' <small>Heckel, 1843</small> (Minnow nase) * ''Chondrostoma prespense'' <small>Karaman, 1924</small> (Prespa nase) * ''Chondrostoma regium'' <small>(Heckel, 1843)</small> (Mesopotamian nase) * {{extinct}}''Chondrostoma scodrense'' <small>Elvira, 1987</small> (Skadar nase) * ''Chondrostoma smyrnae'' <small>Küçük, Çiftçi, Güçlü & Turan, 2021</small> * ''Chondrostoma soetta'' <small>Bonaparte, 1840</small> (Italian nase) * ''Chondrostoma toros'' <small>Küçük, Turan, Güçlü, Mutlu & Çiftci, 2017</small> * ''Chondrostoma turnai'' <small>Güçlü, Küçük, Turan, Çiftçi & Mutlu, 2018</small> * ''Chondrostoma vardarense'' <small>Karaman, 1928</small> (Vardar nase) * ''Chondrostoma variabile'' <small>Yakovlev, 1870</small> (Volga undermouth)
== References == {{Reflist}} * {{cite journal|author=Gante, Hugo F.|author2= Santos, Carlos D. |author3=Alves, Maria Judite|year=2007 |title=A new species of ''Chondrostoma'' Agassiz, 1832 (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) with sexual dimorphism from the lower Rio Tejo Basin|journal=Zootaxa|volume=1616|pages=23–35 |doi= 10.11646/zootaxa.1616.1.2 |url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/z01616p035f.pdf}} * {{cite journal|author=Robalo, J.I|author2= Doadrio, I.|author3= Valente, A. |author4= Almada, V.C. |title= Insights on speciation patterns in the genus ''Iberochondrostoma'' (Cyprinidae): Evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear data|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=46|issue=1 |date=January 2008|pages=155–166|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2007.07.010|pmid= 17904872|bibcode= 2008MolPE..46..155R|hdl= 10400.12/1401|hdl-access=free}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q141255}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Chondrostoma Category:Leuciscinae Category:Taxa named by Louis Agassiz Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot