{{Short description|Comparison of a wide range of temperatures}} {{more citations needed|date=February 2025}} {{Incomplete list|temperatures above 1000 K|date=August 2024}}[[File:Temperature in eV.svg|thumb|upright=0.5|right|Temperature in °C compared to the thermodynamic scale in electron volts, which are also used as a unit of temperature]]
==List of orders of magnitude for temperature== {{see also|Order of magnitude|Temperature}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right" !Factor!!Multiple!!Item |- |0||0 K||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Absolute zero: A temperature so low that it cannot be reached, because of the third law of thermodynamics<ref name=Barton>{{cite book |last1= Barton |first1=Allan F.M.|year=1997 |chapter=5 Thermodynamic Matter |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0qM_EAAAQBAJ&dq=States+of+Matter++Allan+F.M.Barton+absolute+zero&pg=PA110 |title=States of Matter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FIM_EAAAQBAJ&q=States+of+Matter++Allan+F.M.Barton |page=110 |language=en |publication-place=Bristol and Philadelphia |publisher=Institute of Physics Publishing|isbn=978-0-7503-0418-4|access-date=17 February 2025 |via=Google Books }}</ref><ref name=Angelo>{{cite book |last1=Angelo Jnr.|first1=Joseph A.|date=April 2020 |chapter=Very Cold Matter |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gWmLEAAAQBAJ&dq=States+of+Matter+absolute+zero&pg=PA112 |page=112|title=Extreme States of Matter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gWmLEAAAQBAJ |language=en|publication-place=New York |publisher=Infobase |isbn=978-1-4381-9583-4 |access-date=17 February 2025 |via=Google Books }}</ref> }} |- |10<sup>−12</sup><div id="pK"></div>||1 pK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *{{val|38|6|7}} pK, lowest laboratory-produced temperature, achieved through matter-wave lensing of rubidium Bose-Einstein condensates.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Deppner|first1=Christian|last2=Herr|first2=Waldemar|last3=Cornelius|first3=Merle|last4=Stromberger|first4=Peter|last5=Sternke|first5=Tammo|last6=Grzeschik|first6=Christoph|last7=Grote|first7=Alexander|last8=Rudolph|first8=Jan|last9=Herrmann|first9=Sven|last10=Krutzik|first10=Markus|last11=Wenzlawski|first11=André|date=2021-08-30|title=Collective-Mode Enhanced Matter-Wave Optics|url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.100401|journal=Physical Review Letters|language=en|volume=127|issue=10|article-number=100401|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.100401|pmid=34533345|bibcode=2021PhRvL.127j0401D|s2cid=237396804|issn=0031-9007}}</ref> *450 pK, lowest temperature sodium Bose–Einstein condensate gas ever achieved in the laboratory, at MIT<ref>{{cite web|url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/18214|title=Bose-Einstein condensates break temperature record|access-date=2010-09-27|archive-date=2012-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402094614/http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/18214}}</ref>}} |- |10<sup>−9</sup><div id="nK"></div>||1 nK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *50 nK, Fermi temperature of potassium-40 *Critical temperature of alkali Bose–Einstein condensates}} |- |10<sup>−6</sup><div id="μK"></div>||1 μK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Nuclear demagnetization *Doppler-cooled refrigerants in laser cooling and magneto-optical traps}} |- |10<sup>−3</sup><div id="mK"></div>||1 mK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *1.7 mK, temperature record for helium-3/helium-4 dilution refrigeration, and the lowest temperature which may be sustained for arbitrarily long time with known techniques. *2.5 mK, Fermi melting point of helium-3 *60 mK adiabatic demagnetization of paramagnetic molecules *300 mK in evaporative cooling of helium-3 *700 mK, helium-3/helium-4 mixtures begin phase separation *950 mK, melting point of helium at 2.5 megapascals of pressure. All 118 elements are solid at or below this temperature. * Energy equivalent to a microwave photon}} |- |1<div id="K"></div>||1 K||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *1 K at the Boomerang Nebula, the coldest natural environment known *1.5 K, melting point of overbound helium *2.19 K, lambda point of overbound superfluid helium *2.725 K, cosmic microwave background *4.1 K, superconductivity point of mercury *4.22 K, boiling point of bound helium *5.19 K, critical temperature of helium *7.2 K, superconductivity point of lead *9.3 K, superconductivity point of niobium}} |- |10<sup>1</sup>||10 K||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Fermi melting point of valence electrons for superconductivity *14.01 K, melting point of bound hydrogen *20.28 K, boiling point of bound hydrogen *33 K, critical temperature of hydrogen *44 K mean on Pluto *53 K mean of Neptune *63 K, melting point of bound nitrogen *68 K mean of Uranus *77.35 K, boiling point of bound nitrogen *90.19 K, boiling point of bound oxygen *92 K, superconductivity point of Y–Ba–Cu–oxide (YBCO) *}} |- |10<sup>2</sup>||100 K||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *134 K, highest-temperature superconductor at ambient pressure, mercury barium calcium copper oxide *165 K, glass transition temperature of supercooled water *184.0 K (–89.2 °C), coldest air recorded on Earth *192 K, Debye temperature of ice *273.15 K (0 °C), melting point of bound water *273.16 K (0.01 °C), temperature of triple point of water *c. 293 K, room temperature *373.15 K (100 °C), boiling point of bound water at sea level *647 K, critical point of superheated water *737.5 K, mean on Venus}} ''See detailed list below'' |- |10<sup>3</sup><div id="kK"></div>||1 kK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *500–2200 K on brown dwarfs (photosphere) *1043 K Curie temperature of iron (point at which iron transitions from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic behavior and loses any permanent magnetism) *1170 K at wood fire *1300 K in lava flows, open flames *1500 K in basalt lava flows *c. 1670 K at blue candle flame *1811 K, melting point of iron (lower for steel) *1830 K in Bunsen burner flame *1900 K at the Space Shuttle orbiter hull in 8 km/s dive *2022 K, boiling point of lead *2074 K, surface temperature of the coolest star, 2MASS J0523-1403 *2230 K, Debye temperature of carbon *2320 K at open hydrogen flame *2150–2450 K at open hydrocarbon flame *2900 K, color temperature of halogen lamps, black-body radiation maximum at 1000 nm *3695 K, melting point of tungsten *3915 K, sublimation point of carbon *4231 K, melting point of hafnium carbide *4800 K, 10 MPa, triple point of carbon<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1070/PU2003v046n12ABEH001699 |title=Melting point of graphite and liquid carbon (Concerning the paper 'Experimental investigation of the thermal properties of carbon at high temperatures and moderate pressures' by E. I. Asinovskii, A. V. Kirillin, and A. V. Kostanovskii) |year=2003 |last1=Savvatimskii |first1=Aleksandr I |journal=Physics-Uspekhi |volume=46 |issue=12 |pages=1295–1303|bibcode = 2003PhyU...46.1295S |s2cid=250746507 }}</ref> *5000 K, 12 GPa melting point of diamond<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1021/jp076049+ |title=Size-Dependent Temperature-Pressure Phase Diagram of Carbon |year=2008 |last1=Yang |first1=C. C. |last2=Li |first2=S. |journal=Journal of Physical Chemistry C |volume=112 |issue=5 |pages=1423–1426}}</ref> *5100 K in cyanogen–dioxygen flame *5516 K at dicyanoacetylene (carbon subnitride)–ozone flame *5650 K at Earth's Inner Core Boundary *5780 K on surface of the Sun *5933 K, boiling point of tungsten *6000 K, mean of the Universe 300,000 years after the Big Bang *7445 K, 850 GPa;<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1073/pnas.0510489103 |title=Carbon under extreme conditions: Phase boundaries and electronic properties from first-principles theory |year=2006 |last1=Correa |first1=A. A. |last2=Bonev |first2=S. A. |last3=Galli |first3=G. |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=103 |issue=5 |pages=1204–1208 |pmid=16432191 |pmc=1345714|bibcode = 2006PNAS..103.1204C |doi-access=free }}</ref> 8750 K, 520 GPa;<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.185701 |pmid=16383918 |title=Carbon Phase Diagram from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics |year=2005 |last1=Wang |first1=Xiaofei |last2=Scandolo |first2=Sandro |last3=Car |first3=Roberto |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=95 |issue=18 |article-number=185701 |bibcode=2005PhRvL..95r5701W|s2cid=15373344 }}</ref> 5400 K, 220 GPa,<ref>Gerald I. Kerley and Lalit Chhabildas, "[http://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2001/012619.pdf Multicomponent-Multiphase Equation of State for Carbon]", Sandia National Laboratories (2001)</ref> critical point of diamond/solid III *7735 K, a monatomic ideal gas has one electron volt of kinetic energy *8000 K, routinely sustainable temperature in an analytical inductively coupled plasma *8801 K, 10.56 GPa;<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.4659 |title=Liquid-Liquid Phase Transformation in Carbon |year=1999 |last1=Glosli |first1=James |last2=Ree |first2=Francis |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=82 |issue=23 |pages=4659–4662 |bibcode=1999PhRvL..82.4659G|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1233915 }}</ref> 7020.5 K, 797 MPa,<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/0008-6223(85)90083-1 |title=Thermodynamic properties of liquid carbon |year=1985 |last1=Man Chai Chang |last2=Ryong |first2=Ryoo |last3=Mu Shik Jhon |journal=Carbon |volume=23 |issue=5 |pages=481–485|bibcode=1985Carbo..23..481M }}</ref> critical point of carbon *Anionic sparks}} |- |10<sup>4</sup>||10 kK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *10 kK on Sirius A *10–15 kK in mononitrogen recombination *15.5 kK, critical point of tungsten *25 kK, mean temperature of the universe 10,000 years after the Big Bang *26 kK on the white dwarf Sirius B *28 kK in record cationic lightning over Earth *29 kK on surface of Alnitak (easternmost star of Orion's belt) *4–8–40–160 kK{{clarify|date=September 2024}} on white dwarfs *30–400 kK on a planetary nebula's asymptotic giant helium star *36 kK boundary between inner and outer core within Jupiter *37 kK in proton–electron reactions *38 kK on Eta Carinae *46 kK on Wolf–Rayet star R136a1<ref name=bestenlehner2020>{{cite journal |bibcode=2020MNRAS.499.1918B |title=The R136 star cluster dissected with Hubble Space Telescope/STIS. II. Physical properties of the most massive stars in R136 |last1=Bestenlehner |first1=Joachim M. |last2=Crowther |first2=Paul A. |last3=Caballero-Nieves |first3=Saida M. |last4=Schneider |first4=Fabian R. N. |last5=Simón-Díaz |first5=Sergio |last6=Brands |first6=Sarah A. |last7=De Koter |first7=Alex |last8=Gräfener |first8=Götz |last9=Herrero |first9=Artemio |last10=Langer |first10=Norbert |last11=Lennon |first11=Daniel J. |last12=Maíz Apellániz |first12=Jesus |last13=Puls |first13=Joachim |last14=Vink |first14=Jorick S. |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |year=2020 |volume=499 |issue=2 |page=1918 |doi=10.1093/mnras/staa2801 |doi-access=free |arxiv=2009.05136 }}</ref> *50 kK at protostar (core) *54.5 kK on ON2 III(f*) star LH64-16<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1086/420766 |title=The Physical Properties and Effective Temperature Scale of O-Type Stars as a Function of Metallicity. I. A Sample of 20 Stars in the Magellanic Clouds |year=2004 |last1=Massey |first1=Philip |last2=Bresolin |first2=Fabio |last3=Kudritzki |first3=Rolf P. |last4=Puls |first4=Joachim |last5=Pauldrach |first5=A. W. A. |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=608 |issue=2 |pages=1001–1027 |bibcode=2004ApJ...608.1001M|arxiv = astro-ph/0402633 |s2cid=119373878 }}</ref> *>200 kK in Butterfly Nebula *Fermi boiling point of valence electrons}} |- |10<sup>6</sup><div id="MK"></div>||1 MK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *0.8 MK in solar wind *1 MK inside old neutron stars, brown dwarfs, and at gravital deuterium fusion range *1–3–10 MK{{clarify|date=September 2024}} above Sun (corona) *2.4 MK at T Tauri stars and gravital lithium-6 fusion range *2.5 MK at red dwarfs and gravital protium fusion range *10 MK at orange dwarfs and gravital helium-3 fusion range *15.6 MK at Sun's core *10–30–100{{clarify|date=September 2024}} MK in stellar flares *20 MK in novae *23 MK, beryllium-7 fusion range *60 MK above Eta Carinae *85 MK (15 keV) in a magnetic confinement fusion plasma *200 MK at helium star and gravital helium-4 fusion range *230 MK, gravital carbon-12 fusion range *460 MK, gravital neon fusion–disproportionation range *5–530 MK in Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor's plasma *750 MK, gravital oxygen fusion range}} |- |10<sup>9</sup><div id="GK"></div>||1 GK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *1 GK, everything 100 seconds after the Big Bang *1.3–1.7 GK, gravital silicon fusion range *3 GK in electron–positron reactions *10 GK in supernovae *10 GK, everything 1 second after the Big Bang *700 GK in quasars' accretion discs *740 GK, Hagedorn temperature or Fermi melting point of pions}} |- |10<sup>12</sup><div id="TK"></div>||1 TK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *0.1–1 TK at new neutron star *~1 TK, critical temperature to form quark–gluon plasma<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schukraft |first=J. |date=2012-02-28 |title=Heavy-ion physics with the ALICE experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsta.2011.0469 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |volume=370 |issue=1961 |pages=917–932 |doi=10.1098/rsta.2011.0469|pmid=22253244 |arxiv=1109.4291 |bibcode=2012RSPTA.370..917S }}</ref> *3–5 TK in proton–antiproton reactions *5.5 TK, highest man-made temperature, in a quark–gluon plasma from LHC collisions<ref>{{cite web|title=Highest man-made temperature|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/highest-man-made-temperature|website=Guinness World Records|publisher=Jim Pattison Group|access-date=16 August 2015}}</ref> *10 TK, 100 microseconds after the Big Bang *45–67 TK at collapsar of a gamma-ray burst *300–900 TK at proton–nickel conversions in the Tevatron's Main Injector{{clarify|date=August 2015}}}} |- |10<sup>15</sup><div id="PK"></div>||1 PK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *0.3–2.2 PK at proton–antiproton collisions *2.8 PK within an electroweak star}} |- |10<sup>18</sup><div id="EK"></div>||1 EK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist|Temperature of the universe a split second after the Big Bang}} |- |10<sup>21</sup><div id="ZK"></div>||1 ZK||style="text-align:left"|{{ indented plainlist|Temperature of the universe 100 nanoseconds after the Big Bang}} |- |10<sup>24</sup><div id="YK"></div>||1 YK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *0.5–7 YK at ultra-high-energy cosmic ray collisions}} |- |10<sup>27</sup><div id="RK"></div>||1 RK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Everything 10<sup>−35</sup> seconds after the Big Bang}} |- |10<sup>30</sup><div id="QK"></div>||1 QK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Hagedorn temperature of strings}} |- |10<sup>32</sup><div id="QK"></div>||100 QK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *142 QK, Planck temperature}} |- |10<sup>290</sup><div id="QK"></div>||10<sup>260</sup> QK||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Landau pole of quantum electrodynamics}} |}
==Detailed list for 100 K to 1000 K== Most ordinary human activity takes place at temperatures of this order of magnitude. Circumstances where water naturally occurs in liquid form are shown in light grey. {| class="wikitable" style="align:right" |- ! Kelvin !! Degrees<br />Celsius !! Degrees<br />Fahrenheit !! Condition |- |100 K||−173.15 °C||−279.67 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist|Temperature used for cryotechnics}} |- |133 K|| −140 °C||−220 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Mean on Saturn<ref name="science.nasa.gov">{{Cite web |title=Solar System Temperatures - NASA Science |url=https://science.nasa.gov/resource/solar-system-temperatures/ |access-date=2023-10-20 |website=science.nasa.gov |date=15 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref>}} |- |133 K to 163 K||−140 to −110 °C||−220 to −160 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Typical temperature of a whole-body cryotherapy chamber<ref>{{cite web|url=https://coynemedical.com/whole-body-cryotherapy-faqs/|title=Whole-Body Cryotherapy FAQs|date=9 December 2020 |publisher=Coyne Medical|access-date=2023-10-11}}</ref>}} |- |163 K|| −110 °C||−166 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Mean on Jupiter<ref name="science.nasa.gov"/>}} |- |165 K||−108 °C||−163 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Glass transition temperature of supercooled water (Debatable)<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdOZDgAAQBAJ&q=Glass+point+of+water+165K&pg=PA148|title=A Journey Through Water: A Scientific Exploration of The Most Anomalous Liquid on Earth|author=Jestin Baby Mandumpal|publisher=Bentham Science Publishers|year=2017|page=148|isbn=978-1-68108-423-7}}</ref>}} |- |175.4 K||−97.8 °C||−144 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Coldest luminance temperature recorded on Earth (measured remotely by satellite), in Antarctica<ref>{{cite web |title=New study explains Antarctica's coldest temperature |url=https://nsidc.org/news/newsroom/new-study-explains-antarctica-coldest-temperatures |website=National Snow and Ice Data Center |access-date=5 May 2021 |date=25 June 2018}}</ref>}} |- |183.7 K||−89.5 °C||−129.1 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of isopropyl alcohol<ref name="rubalc">{{Cite book |url=https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/690/chapter/12 |title=Read "Emergency and Continuous Exposure Limits for Selected Airborne Contaminants: Volume 2" at NAP.edu |date=1984 |doi=10.17226/690 |pmid=25032441 |isbn=978-0-309-07774-3 |language=en |author1=National Research Council (US) Committee on Toxicology }}</ref>}} |- |183.9 K||−89.2 °C||−128.6 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Coldest officially recorded air temperature on Earth, at Vostok Station, Antarctica on 1983-07-21 01:45 UTC}} |- |192 K||−81 °C||−114 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Debye temperature of ice}} |- |193 to 203 K||−80 to −70 °C||−112 to −94 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Typical temperature of a ULT freezer}} |- |194.6 K||−78.5 °C||−109.3 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Sublimation point of carbon dioxide (dry ice)}} |- |203.55 K||−69.6 °C||−93.3 °F|| align="left" |Coldest officially recorded air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere at Klinck AWS, Greenland (Denmark) on 1991-12-22<ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Hemisphere: Lowest Temperature|website=World Weather & Climate Extremes Archive |date=21 June 2023 |url=https://wmo.asu.edu/content/northern-hemisphere-lowest-temperature |access-date=2024-01-06 |publisher=World Meteorological Organization|language=en}}</ref> |- |205.5 K||−67.7 °C||−89.9 °F|| align="left" |Coldest officially recorded air temperature on the Eurasian continent at Oymyakon, USSR on 1933-02-06<ref name="coldplaces">[http://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/the-coldest-places-on-earth Weather Underground – Coldest Places on Earth]</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}} |- |210 K||−63 °C||−80 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Mean on Mars}} |- |214.9 K||–58.3 °C||–72.9 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Coldest annual mean temperature on Earth, at Dome Argus, Antarctica<ref name="current">http://www.currentresults.com/Weather-Extremes/ Current Results – Worlds Hottest and Coldest Places</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- |223.15 K||−50 °C||−58 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Mean on Earth during Snowball Earth period<ref>[http://www.space.com/9461-snowball-earth-scenario-plunged-planet-million-year-winters.html 'Snowball Earth' Scenario Plunged Our Planet Into Million-Year Winters]</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}} around 650 million years ago}} |- |224.8 K||−48.4 °C||−55.0 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Coldest temperature that water can remain a liquid (see Supercooling)}} |- |225 K||−48 °C||−55 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of cottonseed oil<ref name="vegbak"/>}} |- |233.15 K||−40 °C||−40 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Point of coincidence of the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales *Skin may freeze almost instantly at or below this temperature<ref>http://www.weathernotebook.org/transcripts/2001/02/07.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106113445/http://www.weathernotebook.org/transcripts/2001/02/07.html |date=2013-11-06 }} The Weather Notebook – 40 Below</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- |234.3 K||−38.83 °C||−37.89 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of mercury}} |- |240.4 K||−32.8 °C||−27.0 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Coldest air temperature recorded in South America, at Sarmiento, Argentina on 1907-06-01<ref name="continentasu"/>}} |- |246 K||−27 °C||−17 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Approximate average yearly temperature on Mount Everest<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.himalayanwonders.com/blog/mount-everest-base-camp-weather-climate.html|title=Temperature Everest Summit|date=30 July 2014 |publisher=Himalayan Wonders|access-date=2023-10-11}} (Temperature calculated by averaging monthly temperatures given in graph)</ref>}} |- |249 K||–24 °C||–11 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of flax seed oil<ref name="vegbak"/>}} |- |249.3 K||–23.9 °C||–11.0 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Coldest air temperature recorded in Africa, at Ifrane, Morocco on 1935-02-11<ref name="continentasu"/>}} |- |250 K||–23 °C||–9 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Coldest air temperature recorded in Australia, at Charlotte Pass, New South Wales, Australia on 1994-06-29<ref name="continentasu"/>}} |- |255.37 K||–{{frac|17|7|9}} °C||0 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Coldest brine–ice solution found by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit}} |- |255 K||–18 °C||0 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of almond oil<ref name="vegbak"/> *Typical temperature of a household freezer<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/freezing-and-food-safety |title = Freezing and food safety |publisher = USDA |access-date = 6 August 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130918190328/http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/freezing-and-food-safety |archive-date = 18 September 2013 }}</ref>}} |- |256 K||–17 °C||1 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of sunflower oil<ref name="vegbak"/>}} |- |256 K||–17 °C||2 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of safflower oil<ref name="vegbak"/>}} |- |257 K||–16 °C||3 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of soybean oil<ref name="vegbak">Veganbaking.net – Fat and Oil Melt Point Temperatures http://www.veganbaking.net/tools/fat-and-oil-melt-point-temperatures</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- |262 K||−11 °C||12 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of corn oil<ref name="vegbak"/>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- |263.15 K||–10 °C||14 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of canola oil<ref name="vegbak" /> *Freezing/melting point of grape seed oil<ref name="vegbak"/>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- |265 K||–8 °C||18 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *White frost can form below this temperature *Freezing/melting point of hemp seed oil<ref name="vegbak"/>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- |265.8 K||–7.2 °C ||19 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of bromine}} |- |267 K||–6 °C||21 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of olive oil<ref name="vegbak" /> *Freezing/melting point of sesame oil<ref name="vegbak"/>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |271.15 K||−2 °C||28.4 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Average freezing/melting point of oceans, the salinity is around 3.47%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/oceanfreeze.html|title=Can the ocean freeze? Ocean water freezes at a lower temperature than freshwater|work=NOAA|access-date=January 2, 2019|archive-date=July 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706161806/https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/oceanfreeze.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Chester |first1=Roy |last2=Jickells |first2=Tim |title=Marine Geochemistry |date=2012 |publisher=Blackwell |isbn=978-1-118-34907-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TcuoAr_wUaQC }}</ref>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |273.14 K||-0.01 °C||31.98 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Maximum temperature of an object causing frostbite}} |- bgcolor=#C0C0C0 align=right |273.15 K||0.00 °C||32.00 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of fresh water (at 1 atm pressure)}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |273.16 K||0.01 °C||32.02 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Triple point of fresh water}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |276 K||3 °C||37 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of peanut oil<ref>http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/chem03/chem03265.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226223304/http://newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/chem03/chem03265.htm |date=2015-02-26 }} U.S. Dept. of Energy – Office of Science – Oils and Low Temperature</ref>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |277 K||3.85 °C||39 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Typical temperature of a household refrigerator}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |277.13 K||3.98 °C||39.16 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Water is at maximum density<ref>http://www.esf.edu/efb/schulz/Limnology/mixing.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823171437/http://www.esf.edu/efb/schulz/Limnology/Mixing.html |date=2018-08-23 }} College of Environmental Science and Forestry – Thermal Stratification</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |279.8 K||6.67 °C||44 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Threshold of skin numbness if skin reaches this temperature}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |283.2 K||10 °C||50 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Minimum temperature for most plant growth (see Growing degree-day)}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |286.9 K||12.7 °C||54.9 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Coldest body temperature of a human that survived accidental hypothermia (a 2-year-old boy in Racławice, Poland, on 2014-11-30)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/04/doctors-toddler-freezing-pyjamas-miracle-poland |title=Doctors hail miracle as toddler survives freezing conditions in pyjamas |work=The Guardian |author=Agence France Presse |location=Warsaw |date=2014-12-05 |access-date=2015-02-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polskieradio.pl/5/3/Artykul/1310654,2letni-Adas-wyprowadzony-z-hipotermii-Swiatowe-media-donosza-o-cudownym-dziecku-z-Polski |title=2-letni Adaś wyprowadzony z hipotermii. Światowe media donoszą o cudownym dziecku z Polski |date=2015-12-05 |access-date=2015-02-03 |work=Polskie Radio}}</ref>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |287.6 K||14.44 °C||58 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Cold threshold of pain if skin reaches this temperature}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |288 K||15 °C||59 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Mean on Earth}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |291.6 K||18.4 °C||65.1 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Hottest temperature in Antarctica, recorded on 2020-02-06 at the Esperanza Base<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wmo.int/media/news/new-record-antarctic-continent-reported |title=New record for Antarctic continent reported |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |access-date=7 February 2020}}</ref>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |294 K||21 °C||70 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Commonly defined value for room temperature}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |296 K||23 °C||73 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Mean on Earth during the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140814225901/http://www.climate.gov/news-features/climate-qa/whats-hottest-earths-ever-been climate.gov] What's the hottest Earth's ever been?</ref> about 55.8 million years ago{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |297 K||24 °C||75 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Melting/freezing point of palm kernel oil<ref name="vegbak"/>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |298 K||25 °C||77 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Melting/freezing point of coconut oil<ref name="vegbak"/>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |300 K||27 °C||81 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Thermoneutral temperature of an unclothed human at rest<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rintamäki |first1=Hannu |title=Human responses to cold |journal=Alaska Medicine |date=2007 |volume=49 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=29–31 |pmid=17929604 }}</ref><ref>https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/cold-out-why-you-need-to-wear-a-hat Harvard Health Publishing - Cold out? Why you need to wear a hat!</ref> *Estimated melting/freezing point of francium}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |302.9 K||29.8 °C||85.6 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Melting/freezing point of gallium}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |303.15 K||30 °C||86 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *The rate of plant growth is typically no greater above this temperature than at this temperature. (see Growing degree-day)}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |304 K||31 °C||88 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Melting/freezing point of butter, critical point for carbon dioxide}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |307 K||34 °C||93 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Autoignition temperature of white phosphorus}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |307.6 K||34.4 °C||93.9 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Hottest annual mean temperature on Earth, at Dallol, Ethiopia<ref name="current"/>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |308 K||35 °C||95 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Hypothermic body temperature for humans (see Hypothermia) *Warmest sea measured, at the Red Sea *Melting/freezing point of palm oil<ref name="vegbak"/>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |309.5 K||36.4 °C||97.5 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Average body temperature for a human<ref name="Redefine">Harvard Health Publishing - Time to redefine normal body temperature? https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/time-to-redefine-normal-body-temperature-2020031319173</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |311.03 K||37.87 °C||100.2 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Beginnings of a fever for humans}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |311.8 K||38.6 °C||101.5 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Average body temperature for a cat<ref>http://people.rit.edu/hmm5837/320/project2/page4.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112202451/http://people.rit.edu/hmm5837/320/project2/page4.html |date=2013-11-12 }} Rochester Institute for Technology – Random Cat Facts</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |313.15 K||40 °C||104 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Maximum standard temperature recommended for hot tub users<ref>http://www.jacuzzi.com/hot-tubs/hot-tub-blog/ideal-hot-tub-water-temperature/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126014724/http://www.jacuzzi.com/hot-tubs/hot-tub-blog/ideal-hot-tub-water-temperature/ |date=2017-01-26 }}. Finding The Ideal Hot Tub Temperature. Jacuzzi</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |315 K||42 °C||108 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Usually fatal human fever}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |317.6 K||44.44 °C||112 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Hot threshold of pain if skin reaches this temperature}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |319.7 K||46.5 °C||115.7 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Highest human fever survived (Willie Jones)<ref>http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/clock.html Biological Rhythums</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- bgcolor="#E0E0E0" align="right" |321.45 K||48.3 °C||119 °F|| align="left" |World's hottest air temperature recorded while raining, at Imperial, California, USA on 2018-07-24<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hottest Rain on Record? Rain Falls at 119 °F in Imperial, California |url=https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/Hottest-Rain-Record-Rain-falls-119F-Imperial-California |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=www.wunderground.com |language=en}}</ref> |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |322.1 K||48.9 °C||120.0 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Hottest air temperature recorded in South America, at Rivadavia, Argentina on 1905-12-11<ref name="continentasu"/> *Maximum safe temperature for hot water according to numeric U.S. plumbing codes<ref name="antiscald.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.antiscald.com/prevention/general_info/table.php |title=Antiscald Inc |access-date=2014-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913012501/http://www.antiscald.com/prevention/general_info/table.php |archive-date=2014-09-13 }}</ref> *Water will cause a second-degree burn after 8 minutes and a third-degree burn after 10 minutes<ref name="antiscald.com"/>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |323.9 K||50.7 °C||123.3 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Hottest air temperature recorded in the Southern Hemisphere, at Oodnadatta, Australia on 1960-02-01<ref name="continentasu">http://wmo.asu.edu/ ASU World Meteorological Organization – Global Weather & Climate Extremes</ref>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |329.87 K||56.7 °C||134.1 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Hottest measured air temperature on Earth, in Death Valley at Furnace Creek, Inyo County, California, United States of America on 1913-07-10.<ref name="GWR">{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/highest-recorded-temperature/|title=Highest recorded temperature|date=10 July 1913 |publisher=Guinness World Records|access-date=20 August 2018}}</ref>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |333.15 K||60 °C||140 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Water will cause a second-degree burn in 3 seconds and a third-degree burn in 5 seconds<ref name="antiscald.com"/> *Average temperature of a hair dryer}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |336 K||63 °C||145.4 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Milk pasteurization}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |342 K||69 °C||157 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Boiling point of water on the summit of Mount Everest<ref>http://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/chemistry-terms/boiling-info.htm HowStuffWorks – Boiling</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |343.15 K||70 °C||158 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Food is well done *Hot springs at which some bacteria thrive<ref>{{cite book |first=Joseph |last=Seckbach |display-authors=etal |title=Polyextremophiles – life under multiple forms of stress |publisher=Springer |location=Dordrecht |year=2013 |isbn=978-94-007-6487-3 |at=preface |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vRGvZmALC3YC&dq=thomas+brock+1965+thermophiles+polyextremophiles&pg=PT3}}</ref>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |350 K||77 °C||170 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Poaching of food}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |351.52 K||78.37 °C||173.07 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Boiling point of ethanol}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |353.15 K||80 °C||176 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| * Average temperature of a sauna}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |355 K||82 °C||180 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Recommended final rinse temperature in industrial-grade commercial dishwashers<ref>"Residential Dishwashers". National Sanitation Foundation. Retrieved on 26 May 2017. http://www.nsf.org/consumer-resources/health-and-safety-tips/home-product-appliance-tips/sanitizing-dishwasher/</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |355.6 K||82.4 °C||180.3 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Boiling point of isopropyl alcohol<ref name="rubalc"/>}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |366 K||93 °C||200 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Simmering of food}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |367 K||94 °C||201 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Hottest ground temperature recorded on Earth at Furnace Creek, Death Valley, California, USA on 1972-07-15<ref>[https://home.nps.gov/deva/learn/nature/weather-and-climate.htm nps.gov] National Park Service – Death Valley – Weather and Climate</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align=right |371 K||98 °C||209 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Freezing/melting point of sodium}} |- bgcolor=#C0C0C0 align=right |373.13 K||99.98 °C||211.97 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Boiling point of water at 1 atm pressure (see Celsius)}} |- |380 K||107 °C||225 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Smoke point of raw safflower oil *Syrup{{vague|date=September 2024}} is concentrated to 75% sugar}} |- |388 K||115 °C||239 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Melting/freezing point of sulfur}} |- |400 K||127 °C||260 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Concorde nose tip during supersonic flight *Coldest known stars in space (approximate temperature)<ref>http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/research/Stars.shtml University of Hawaii – Institute for Astronomy</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- |433.15 K||160 °C||320 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Syrup{{vague|date=September 2024}} is concentrated to 100% sugar *Sucrose (table sugar) caramelizes{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- |450 K||177 °C||350 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Mean on Mercury *Smoke point of butter *Deep frying}} |- |453.15 K||180 °C||356 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Popcorn pops}} |- |483 K||210 °C||410 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Autoignition (kindling) point of diesel fuel}} |- |491 K||218 °C||425 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Kindling point of paper}} |- |519 K||246 °C||475 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Kindling point of automotive gasoline}} |- |522 K||249 °C||480 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Kindling point of jet fuel (Jet A/Jet A-1)<ref name="aviation-fuels">[http://www.iftcentre.com/IFTC/media/MediaLibrary/Pre%20Study%20Guidance/FFR-Aviation-Fuels-Fuel-Tanks.pdf International Fire Training Centre: Firefighter initial: aviation fuels and fuel tanks] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219144721/http://www.iftcentre.com/IFTC/media/MediaLibrary/Pre%20Study%20Guidance/FFR-Aviation-Fuels-Fuel-Tanks.pdf |date=2018-02-19 }} - International Fire Training Centre</ref>{{full citation needed|date=September 2024}}}} |- |525 K||252 °C||485 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Smoke point of milkfat *Kindling point of jet fuel (Jet B)<ref name="aviation-fuels" />}} |- |538 K||265 °C||510 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Smoke point of refined safflower oil}} |- |574.5875 K||301.4375 °C||574.5875 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Point of coincidence of the Fahrenheit and Kelvin temperature scales}} |- |600.65 K||327.5 °C||621.5 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Melting/freezing point of lead}} |- |647 K||374 °C||705 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Critical point of superheated water}} |- |693 K||419 °C||787 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Melting/freezing point of zinc}} |- |723.15 K||450 °C||842 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Kindling point of aviation gasoline<ref name="aviation-fuels" />}} |- |738 K||465 °C||870 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Mean on Venus}} |- |749 K||476 °C||889 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Kindling point of magnesium}} |- |773.15 K||500 °C||932 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Oven on self-cleaning mode}} |- |798 K||525 °C||977 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Draper point (the point at which nearly all objects start to glow dim red)<ref>{{cite journal | title = On the production of light by heat | first1 = John William|last1= Draper | journal = The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science | publisher = Taylor & Francis | year = 1847 | pages = 345–359 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VEgEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA345 |doi=10.1080/14786444708647190 |volume=30 | issue = 202}}</ref>}} |- |858 K||585 °C||1085 °F|| align="left" |Kindling point of hydrogen<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=Spontaneous ignition of hydrogen |url=https://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr615.pdf |publisher=Health and Safety Executive}}</ref> |- |933.47 K||660.32 °C||1220.58 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist| *Melting/freezing point of aluminium}} |- |1000 K||726.85 °C||1340.33 °F||style="text-align:left"|{{indented plainlist|Temperature of cherry-red ember, a phase in which solid bodies glow visibly}} |}
==SI multiples== {{SI multiples|unit=kelvin|symbol=K}}
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *[http://www.cleavebooks.co.uk/scol/cctemp.htm Online Temperature Conversion]
{{Orders of magnitude}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Orders Of Magnitude (Temperature)}} Temperature Category:Threshold temperatures