Metriorhynchoidea

{{Short description|Extinct superfamily of reptiles}} {{Automatic taxobox | name = Metriorhynchoids | fossil_range = Early Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, {{fossil_range|Toarcian|Aptian}} | image = Teleidosaurus_BW.jpg | image_caption = Restoration of ''Teleidosaurus calvadosii'' | taxon = Metriorhynchoidea | authority = Fitzinger, 1843 | subdivision_ranks = Subgroups | subdivision = *{{extinct}}''Eoneustes'' *{{extinct}}''Magyarosuchus'' *{{extinct}}''Opisuchus'' *{{extinct}}''Pelagosaurus''? *{{extinct}}''Teleidosaurus'' *{{extinct}}'''Euthalattosuchia'''<ref name=Youngetal2024>{{cite journal |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165 |title=The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) |date=2024 |last1=Young |first1=Mark T. |last2=Wilberg |first2=Eric W. |last3=Johnson |first3=Michela M. |last4=Herrera |first4=Yanina |last5=De Andrade |first5=Marco Brandalise |last6=Brignon |first6=Arnaud |last7=Sachs |first7=Sven |last8=Abel |first8=Pascal |last9=Foffa |first9=Davide |last10=Fernández |first10=Marta S. |last11=Vignaud |first11=Patrick |last12=Cowgill |first12=Thomas |last13=Brusatte |first13=Stephen L. |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=200 |issue=2 |pages=547–617 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11820/a60965ed-4772-40be-9e95-fc09cfe646b1 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> **{{extinct}}''Zoneait'' **{{extinct}}Metriorhynchidae }}

'''Metriorhynchoidea''' is an extinct superfamily of thalattosuchian crocodyliforms from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous (Toarcian<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Attila Ősi |author2=Mark T. Young |author3=András Galácz |author4=Márton Rabi |year=2018 |title=A new large-bodied thalattosuchian crocodyliform from the Lower Jurassic (Toarcian) of Hungary, with further evidence of the mosaic acquisition of marine adaptations in Metriorhynchoidea |journal=PeerJ |volume=6 |article-number=e4668 |doi=10.7717/peerj.4668 |pmid=29761038 |pmc=5949208 |doi-access=free }}</ref> - Valanginian, possibly as late as early Aptian<ref>{{cite journal|author=Alfio A. Chiarenza |author2=Davide Foffa |author3=Mark T. Young |author4=Gianni Insacco |author5=Andrea Cau |author6=Giorgio Carnevale |author7=Rita Catanzariti |year=2015 |title=The youngest record of metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs, with implications for the extinction of Thalattosuchia |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=56 |pages=608–616 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.001 |bibcode=2015CrRes..56..608C |hdl=2318/1537833 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>) of Europe, North America and South America. Metriorhynchids are fully aquatic crocodyliforms.<ref name=Neptunidraco>{{cite journal |year=2011 |title=The oldest known metriorhynchid crocodylian from the Middle Jurassic of North-eastern Italy: ''Neptunidraco ammoniticus'' gen. et sp. nov |journal=Gondwana Research |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=550–565 |doi=10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.007|author1=Andrea Cau |author2=Federico Fanti |bibcode=2011GondR..19..550C }}</ref><ref name=Youngetal10>{{cite journal |year=2010 |title=The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |issue=4 |volume=158 |pages=801–859 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x|author1=Mark T. Young |author2=Stephen L. Brusatte |author3=Marcello Ruta |author4=Marco Brandalise de Andrade |doi-access= }}</ref> Named by Fitzinger, in 1843, it contains the basal taxa like ''Teleidosaurus'', ''Zoneait'' and ''Eoneustes'' and the family Metriorhynchidae. An unnamed taxon is known from Chile.<ref name=YoungAndrade09>{{cite journal |year=2009 |title=What is ''Geosaurus''? Redescription of ''Geosaurus giganteus'' (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Bayern, Germany |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=157 |issue=3 |pages=551–585 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00536.x|author1=Mark T. Young |author2=Marco Brandalise de Andrade |name-list-style=amp |doi-access=free }}</ref>

== Phylogeny == Metriorhynchoidea is a stem-based taxon defined in the ''PhyloCode'' by Mark T. Young and colleagues in 2024 as "the largest clade within Thalattosuchia containing ''Metriorhynchus brevirostris'', but not ''Teleosaurus cadomensis'' and ''Macrospondylus bollensis''".<ref name= Youngetal2024/> The more derived clade Euthalattosuchia was named by Young and colleagues in 2024 to contain those thalattosuchians with both cranial and postcranial adaptations to a fully marine lifestye. It is defined in the ''PhyloCode'' as the "smallest clade within Metriorhynchoidea containing ''Zoneait nargorum'' and ''Thalattosuchus superciliosus''.<ref name= Youngetal2024/> The cladogram below follows the topology from a 2011 analysis by Andrea Cau and Federico Fanti.<ref name=Neptunidraco/> Note that the same topology was obtained in Mark T. Young and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2009 and Mark T. Young, Stephen L. Brusatte, Marcello Ruta and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2010.<ref name=Youngetal10/><ref name=YoungAndrade09/>

{{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:85% |label1='''Metriorhynchoidea''' |1={{clade |1=''Teleidosaurus calvadosii'' 80px |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=''Eoneustes bathonicus'' |2=''Eoneustes gaudryi'' }} |2={{clade |1=Metriorhynchoidea indet. |2={{clade |1=''Zoneait'' |2={{clade |label1=Metriorhynchidae |1={{clade |1=Geosaurinae 80px |2=Metriorhynchinae 80px}} }} }} }} }} }} }}

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Vertebrate superfamilies Category:Prehistoric marine crocodylomorphs Category:Early Jurassic first appearances Category:Early Cretaceous extinctions Category:Thalattosuchia