Lungo

thumb|Lungo '''Lungo''' ({{literally|long}}), known in full in Italian as '''{{lang|it|caffè lungo}}''', is a coffee made by using an espresso machine to make an Italian-style coffee—short black (a single espresso shot) with more water (generally twice as much), resulting in a larger coffee ("lungo").

A normal serving of espresso takes from 18 to 30 seconds to pull, and fills {{convert|25-30| ml|1}}, while a lungo may take up to a minute to pull, and might fill {{convert|50-70|ml|1}}. Extraction time of the dose is determined by the variety of coffee beans (usually a blend of Arabica and robusta), their grind, and the pressure of the machine. It is usually brewed using an espresso machine, but with twice the amount of water to the same weight of coffee, to make a much-longer drink.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Smith|first=Krisi|title=World Atlas of Tea|publisher=Mitchell Beazley|year=2016|isbn=978-1-78472-124-4|location=Great Britain|pages=112|language=English}}</ref>

In French, it is called {{lang|fr|café allongé}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.juraworld.com/fr/home_jura_world_of_coffee/about-coffee_jwoc/recipes-jwoc/recipes_detail.htm?reference=34809&checkSum=F05F9E23F575059A14EAEB10F80DFD0F |title=Jura world of coffee: Lungo |access-date=2007-05-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927033924/http://www.juraworld.com/fr/home_jura_world_of_coffee/about-coffee_jwoc/recipes-jwoc/recipes_detail.htm?reference=34809&checkSum=F05F9E23F575059A14EAEB10F80DFD0F |archive-date=2007-09-27 }}</ref> and is popular in the Canadian province of Quebec.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-11-16 |title=A Montreal Coffee Crawl: Why You Should Head North for Your Caffeine Fix |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/best-coffee-in-montreal-guide |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=Vogue |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Clayton |first=Liz |title=Coffee Methods: Reasons to Love a Longer Espresso Shot |url=https://www.seriouseats.com/cafe-allonge-long-shot-espresso-new-coffee-trend-quebec |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=Serious Eats |language=en}}</ref>

==Flavour== As the amount of water increases or decreases relative to a normal shot, the composition of the shot changes because the flavour components of coffee dissolve at varying rates. For this reason, a long or short shot will not contain the same ratio of components that a normal shot contains. Therefore, a ristretto is not simply twice as "strong" as a regular shot, nor is a lungo simply half the strength. Moreover, since espresso is brewed under pressure, a lungo does not have the same taste or composition as coffee produced by other methods, even when made with the same ratio of water and ground coffee.

==Brewing== Ristretto, {{lang|it|normale}}, and lungo are relative terms without exact measurements.<ref name="hbbr">{{cite web|url=http://www.home-barista.com/tips/brewing-ratios-for-espresso-beverages-t2402.html|title=Brewing ratios for espresso beverages - Home-Barista.com|work=home-barista.com|date=13 November 2006 |access-date=26 August 2015}}</ref> Nevertheless, a rough guide is a grounds-to-liquid brewing ratio of 1:1 for ristretto, 1:2 for {{lang|it|normale}}, and 1:4 for lungo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://whichnespresso.com/the-difference-between-an-espresso-ristretto-and-a-lungo/|title=The Difference Between an Espresso, Ristretto and a Lungo|work=whichnespresso.com|access-date=26 August 2015}}</ref>

==See also== {{Commons category-inline}} {{Portal|Italy|Drink|Coffee}} * List of coffee drinks * ''Caffè americano'' – hot water added to espresso (in that order) * Long black – espresso added to hot water (in that order); famous in Australia * Ristretto – half-length extraction; the opposite of a lungo

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Coffee in Italy Category:Coffee drinks Category:Espresso