{{Short description|Species of mammal}} {{Speciesbox | name = Large treeshrew | image = Tupaia tana - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC02515.JPG | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |title=''Tupaia tana'' |author=Cassola, F. |date=2016 |article-number=e.T41501A22279356 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T41501A22279356.en |access-date=26 January 2022}}</ref> | status2 = CITES_A2 | status2_system = CITES | status2_ref = <ref name=iucn/> | genus = Tupaia | species = tana<ref name=msw3/> | authority = Raffles, 1821 | synonyms = | range_map = Large Treeshrew area.png | range_map_caption = Large treeshrew range }} {{Commons category|Tupaia tana}}
The '''large treeshrew''' ('''''Tupaia tana''''') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae.<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Helgen |id=11900050 |page=108 |heading=''Tupaia tana''}}</ref> It is native to Sumatra and adjacent small islands, as well as in the lowlands and hills of Borneo.<ref name="Payne">Payne, J., Francis, C. M., Phillipps, K. (1985). ''Field guide to mammals of Borneo''. The Sabah Society with World Wildlife Fund Malaysia.</ref>
==Habitat== Large treeshrews are the most predominantly terrestrial of all treeshrew species. They are usually on the forest floor, the primary location for their foraging, although they spend part of their time in trees.<ref name="Yasuma">Yasuma, S., Andau, M., Apin, L., Yu, F.T.Y., and Kimsui, L. (2003). ''Identification keys to the mammals of Borneo: Insectivora, Scandentia, Rodentia and Chiroptera''. Park Management Component BBEC Programme, Sabah.</ref> ''T. tana'' has been described as mainly terrestrial based on field observations and their morphological traits.<ref>Emmon, L. (2000). ''Tupai: a Field Study of Bornean Treeshrews''. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles.</ref><ref name="Wells">Wells, K., Pfeiffer, M., Lakim, M. B., and Kalko, E. K. V. (2006). ''Movement trajectories and habitat partitioning of small mammals in logged and unlogged rain forest on Borneo''. Journal of Animal Ecology 75(5): 1212–1223.</ref><ref name="Sargis">Sargis, E. J. (2001). ''A preliminary qualitative analysis of the axial skeleton of tupaiids (Mammalia, Scandentia): functional morphology and phylogenetic implications''. Journal of Zoology 253(4): 473–483.</ref> Large treeshrews are most abundant in primary tropical rainforest, but are also found in swamp forest and secondary growth forest. ''T. tana'' has many potential predators such as the marbled cat, leopard, and clouded leopard.
Large treeshrews contribute to the maintenance of their lowland rainforest ecosystem by dispersing seeds.
==Description== ''Tupaia tana'' is slightly larger than the common treeshrew (''T. glis'').<ref name="Yasuma"/> The dorsal fur is reddish brown, shading to nearly black at the rear. There is a black stripe running from the neck half to two-thirds of the way down the back until it disappears in the darker posterior fur.
The body size measurements of this species are: * Head and body: {{convert|165|–|321|mm|abbr=on}} * Tail: {{convert|130|–|220|mm|abbr=on}} * Hind foot: {{convert|43|–|57|mm|abbr=on}} * Weight: {{convert|154|–|305|g|abbr=on}} The snout is long: the distance from the center of the eye to the tip of the muzzle is more than {{convert|37|mm|abbr=on}} in adults.<ref name="Payne"/>
''Tupaia tana'' has sensitive hearing and large eyes that give it acute night vision<ref>{{cite web |url=http://facweb.bhc.edu/academics/science/harwoodr/geol102/Study/humans.htm |author=Harwood, R. |title=Geology 102: Humans |access-date=2009-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625060406/http://facweb.bhc.edu/academics/science/harwoodr/Geol102/Study/humans.htm |archive-date=2010-06-25 }}</ref> but poor daylight vision.
==Diet== Their diet consists of earthworms and arthropods such as centipedes, millipedes, and beetle larvae, with some fruit.<ref name="Payne"/> Less favored arthropods include ants, beetles, spiders, cockroaches, and crickets.
==Reproduction== The average age of reproductive maturity for both males and females is around one year of age. The female almost always gives birth to two altricial young. The fecundity of females is reduced in poor-quality territories or during periods of resource scarcity.<ref name="Munshi">{{cite journal |last=Munshi-South |first=J. |year=2008 |title=Female-biased dispersal and gene flow in a behaviorally monogamous mammal, the large treeshrew (''Tupaia tana'') |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=3 |issue=9 |article-number=e3228 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0003228 |pmid=18797506 |pmc=2528962 |bibcode=2008PLoSO...3.3228M |df=dmy-all|doi-access=free}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Scandentia}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q657384}}
Category:Treeshrews Category:Mammals of Brunei Category:Mammals of Indonesia Category:Mammals of Malaysia Category:Mammals of Borneo Category:Mammals described in 1821 Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Category:Taxa named by Thomas Stamford Raffles