{{Short description|Fulcrum shovel used by the Jola (Diola) people of Senegal, The Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau}} thumb|upright=0.7|alt=The base of a ''kayendo'' with a tree trunk and various wicker products in the background|The lower part of a ''kayendo'' ends in a sharp wrought iron blade. thumb|The tool in use, tilling a rice field '''Kajandu''' (also written '''kayendo''', '''kajendo''', '''kadiendo''', or '''kadiandou''') is a long-handled fulcrum shovel used by the Jola (Diola) people of Senegal, Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau to till and prepare rice paddy fields. It is also used to make dikes and furrows. It consists of a long wooden shaft, 1.6–3.5 metres long, and a large flat or concave wooden blade with iron edges. The long shaft rests on the knee and is used to lift up pieces of earth. Typically men use the kajandu while women sow, replant, spread manure and harvest.<ref name="Carney">{{cite book|last=Carney|first=Judith Ann|title=Black rice: the African origins of rice cultivation in the Americas|publisher=Harvard University Press|date=2001|pages=19, 27–28, 55–56, 65–66|isbn=0-674-00834-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YXWkwXHFWf0C|accessdate=2009-11-21}}</ref><ref name="Nyerges">{{cite book|last=Nyerges|first=A. Endre|title=The ecology of practice: studies of food crop production in Sub-Saharan West Africa|publisher=Routledge|year=1997|pages=48, 56–59|isbn=90-5699-573-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DpbgyaZ9o2wC&pg=PA48|accessdate=2009-11-21}}</ref><ref name="Sarró" />
Use of the Kajandu was recorded in 1455<ref name="Carney" /> and was described in detail in 1685 by Sieur de la Courbe.<ref name="Linares2002">{{cite journal|last=Linares|first=Olga F.|authorlink=Olga F. Linares|date=December 2, 2002|title=African rice (Oryza glaberrima): History and future potential |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=99|issue=25|pages=16360–16365 |doi=10.1073/pnas.252604599|pmid=12461173 |pmc=138616|bibcode=2002PNAS...9916360L|doi-access=free}}</ref> It is similar to the ''kop'' or ''cop'' used by the Baga people.<ref name="Sarró">{{cite book|last=Sarró|first=Ramon|title=The Politics of Religious Change on the Upper Guinea Coast: Iconoclasm Done and Undone|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2009|page=26|isbn=978-0-7486-3515-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9PE2T2a5fDYC&pg=PT46|accessdate=2009-11-21}}</ref>
== See also == * Carabane#Rice cultivation
== References == {{reflist}}
== External links == * [http://www.pnas.org/content/99/25/16360/F2.expansion.html Picture] from Linares 2002.
Category:Mechanical hand tools Category:Agriculture in Senegal Category:Farming tools Category:Rice production