{{Redirect-distinguish|Plane fire|Jet fire}} {{Short description|Aviation accident involving fire}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}} [[File:Air Canada 797 aft lavatory.jpg|thumb|The aftermath of the fire onboard Air Canada Flight 797]] In aviation, an '''in-flight fire''' is a type of aviation accident where an aircraft catches on fire in-flight. They are considered one of the most dangerous hazards in aviation, with a report from the British Civil Aviation Authority showing that after a fire on an aircraft starts, flight crews only have on average 17 minutes to land their aircraft before it becomes uncontrollable.<ref name="SkyBrary">{{cite web |title=Fire in the Air |url=https://skybrary.aero/articles/fire-air |publisher=SkyBrary |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> Between 1981 and 1990, approximately 20% of all fatalities on US airlines were caused by in-flight fires.<ref name="FAA">{{cite web |title=Fire Research |url=https://www.fire.tc.faa.gov/Research/Background |publisher=Federal Aviation Administration Fire Safety |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref>
== Types == *Cabin fire – A fire in the passenger cabin.<ref name="Cabin">{{cite web |title=Passenger Cabin Fire |url=https://skybrary.aero/articles/passenger-cabin-fire |publisher=SkyBrary |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> **Includes related areas like lavatories, galleys, overhead compartments, and items on passengers.<ref name="Cabin" /> *Cargo fire – A fire inside the cargo hold.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cargo Fire Safety – Cargo Hazards, Risks, and Mitigations |url=https://www.fire.tc.faa.gov/CargoSafety/ |publisher=Federal Aviation Administration Fire Safety |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> *Cockpit fire – A fire in the cockpit.<ref name="Cockpit">{{cite web |last1=Simon |first1=Jeff |title=AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE: FIGHTING A COCKPIT FIRE |url=https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2020/february/24/aircraft-maintenance-fighting-a-cockpit-fire |publisher=Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association |access-date=2 March 2024 |date=24 February 2020}}</ref> *Electrical fire – A fire occurring from electrical wires or other electrical systems.<ref name="ASM">{{cite web |title=Fire in Flight |url=https://www.aviationsafetymagazine.com/features/fire-in-flight/ |website=Aviation Safety Magazine |publisher=Aviation Safety Staff |access-date=2 March 2024 |date=29 May 2002}}</ref> *Engine fire – A fire inside of an aircraft engine.<ref name="ASM" />
== Causes and spread == [[File:Lithium-Ion Cell cylindric.JPG|thumb|A lithium-ion battery]] Electrical fires are often the result of rogue sparks or the overheating of electronic components. If there are flammable materials around the source of the fire, an electrical fire can quickly spread.<ref name="AOPA" /> Cockpit fires are often related to electrical fires as there many electrical components inside the cockpit that can produce sparks. If a cockpit fire is not extinguished in time, the smoke and fire on the controls could make controlling the aircraft harder.<ref name="Cockpit" />
Fires in the cabin can be caused by items that the passengers bring on board, like personal electronic devices, lithium batteries, cigarettes, and can be exacerbated by improper waste management. Electrical fires can also occur in the cabin area from wires that run through the cabin, like those for in-flight entertainment systems.<ref>{{cite web |author=Rebekah |title=How common are commercial airplane fires? |url=https://firesystems.net/2019/12/08/how-common-are-commercial-airplane-fires/ |website=FireSystems.neet |access-date=3 March 2024 |date=8 December 2019}}</ref>
Depending on the contents of the cargo hold of an aircraft, a cargo fire can quickly spread. For example, lithium batteries can undergo a process called thermal runaway, where the battery is able to serve as a source of heat, fuel, and an oxidizing agent.<ref name="HPB">{{cite web |title=Hazard: Passenger Baggage |url=https://www.fire.tc.faa.gov/CargoSafety/Hazards/1001-Passenger_Baggage |publisher=Federal Aviation Administration Fire Safety |access-date=3 March 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=What Is Thermal Runaway? |url=https://ul.org/research/electrochemical-safety/getting-started-electrochemical-safety/what-thermal-runaway |publisher=UL Research Institute |access-date=3 March 2024 |date=24 August 2021}}</ref> Other hazardous cargo include items that can serve as an oxidizing agent, like oxygen bottles and cleaning products.<ref name="HPB" />
Engines failures, mainly from loss of engine oil and uncontained engine failures, are the main cause of engine fires.<ref name="ASM" /> In these scenarios, the excess heat produced could ignite the jet fuel or jet fuel vapors inside the engine.<ref name="AOPA">{{cite web |last1=Rossier |first1=Robert N. |title=AIRCRAFT FIRES |date=4 February 2016 |url=https://www.aopa.org/training-and-safety/students/flighttestprep/skills/aircraft-fires |publisher=Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association |access-date=3 March 2024}}</ref>
In cases where a fire burns for a sufficient time, an event called a flashover can occur. A flashover is the near simultaneous ignition of any combustible material within an enclosed area. As more flammable gasses are released when materials burn and the temperature rises, the autoignition temperature is eventually reached, causing everything in the enclosed space to ignite.<ref>{{cite web |title=Flashover |url=https://skybrary.aero/articles/flashover |publisher=SkyBrary |access-date=5 March 2024}}</ref> Temperatures of flashovers can reach {{cvt|480–650|C|F|-1}}, making them unsurvivable for more than a few seconds.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pennington |first1=Ryan |title=Three Lessons from the Fire Behavior Lab |url=https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/CFPC/files/NEW-ITEMS-2019/Uploaded-Files/Instructor-Lesson-Plans/Uploaded-Files/Unit-CFA/CFA-1/SS-CFA-12-Flashover-Instructor-Reference-Material.pdf#:~:text=The%20heat%20produced%20by%20flashover%20is%20not%20survivable,such%20an%20event%2C%20you%E2%80%99ll%20likely%20be%20severely%20burned. |publisher=Connecticut Fire Academy |access-date=5 March 2024}}</ref> === Prevention === {{see also|Fire safety}} Since 1985, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has mandated more fire-resistant materials to be used in aircraft to lengthen the amount of time until a flashover occurs.<ref name="FactSheet">{{cite web |title=FAA Fact Sheet: Improvements to Aircraft Survivability |url=https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/2022-07/FAA-FactSheet-Aircraft-Survivability.pdf |publisher=Federal Aviation Administration |access-date=5 March 2024}}</ref> A kerosene burner test for aircraft seats is used to validate their resistance to the type of fuel fire most commonly encountered; developments in fire-resistant foam and fire-blocking layers have adding 40 to 60 seconds of time for passengers to escape the aircraft.<ref name="FAA" /> Since 1986, aircraft cargo compartments have been required to have more fire-resistant lining and in 1998, the compartments were to have fire detection and suppression systems.<ref name="SF">{{cite web |title=Protecting Aircraft and Passengers from Cargo Fires |url=https://skybrary.aero/sites/default/files/bookshelf/4418.pdf |website=SkyBrary |publisher=Safety First |access-date=5 March 2024}}</ref> Halon fire extinguishers, generally using Halon 1301, are used widely throughout the aviation industry because of their high performance to weight ratio.<ref name="Halon">{{cite web |title=Halon Fire Extinguishers |url=https://skybrary.aero/articles/halon-fire-extinguishers |publisher=SkyBrary |access-date=5 March 2024}}</ref> Due to its ozone depleting nature,<ref name="Halon" /> aviation fire-suppression systems are one of the last remain permitted uses of halon.<ref>{{cite web |title=What is the Halon fire extinguisher and its use? |work=Industrialsafetyguide |date=24 October 2023 |url=https://industrialsafetyguide.com/halon-fire-extinguisher/ |publisher=Industrial Safety Guide |access-date=5 March 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522053120/https://industrialsafetyguide.com/halon-fire-extinguisher/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
== Notable examples == {{expand list|date=March 2024}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Event ! Date ! Aircraft ! Site ! Fatalities/Occupants ! Type{{efn|This represents where the fire first started, even if it ended up elsewhere in the aircraft}} ! Cause ! Ref |- |Northwest Airlines Flight 1 |13 January 1939 |Lockheed 14H Super Electra |Miles City, Montana, United States |4/4 |Cockpit fire |Undetermined, possible fuel leak |- |TWA Flight 513 |11 July 1946 |Lockheed L-049 Constellation |Bern Township, Pennsylvania, United States |5/6 |Cargo hold fire |Wire arcing |- |United Air Lines Flight 608 |24 October 1947 |Douglas DC-6 |Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah, United States |52/52 |Cargo fire |Fuel entering cabin heater air intake scoop during transfer of fuel |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=Accident Douglas DC-6 NC37510, Friday 24 October 1947 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/336865 |access-date=2025-01-22 |website=asn.flightsafety.org}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=United Airlines Flight 608 accident report |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/reports/1947/19471024_DC6_NC37510.pdf |access-date=January 22, 2025 |website=asn.flightsafety.org}}</ref>{{Rp|page=1}} |- |1951 Miami Airlines C-46 crash |16 December 1951 |Curtiss C-46F-1-CU Commando |Elizabeth, New Jersey, United States |56/56 |Engine fire |The No. 10 cylinder in the right engine failed |- |American Airlines Flight 476 |4 August 1955 |Convair CV-240-0 |Fort Leaonard Wood, Missouri, United States |30/30 |Engine/wing fire | The No. 12 cylinder in the right engine failed |- |Swissair Flight 306 |4 September 1963 |Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle III |Dürrenäsch, Aargau, Switzerland |80/80 |Landing-gear fire |Overheated tires from excessive braking |<ref>{{cite report |date=10 March 1965 |title=Schlussbericht der Eidgenössischen Flugunfall-Untersuchungskommission über den Unfall des Swissair-Flugzeuges SE-210 Caravelle III HB-ICV am 4. September 1963 bei Dürrenäsch AG Sitzung der Kommission 10. März 1965 |url=https://www.sust.admin.ch/inhalte/AV-berichte/229.pdf |language=German|trans-title=Final report of the Federal Aircraft Accident Investigation Commission on the accident of the Swissair aircraft SE-210 Caravelle III HB-ICV on September 4, 1963 near Dürrenäsch AG - Commission meeting March 10, 1965" |publisher=Swiss Transportation Safety Investigation Board |id=1963/37 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408215233/https://www.sust.admin.ch/inhalte/AV-berichte/229.pdf |archive-date=8 April 2023 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Mohawk Airlines Flight 40 |23 June 1967 |BAC 1-11 204AF |Blossburg, Pennsylvania, United States |34/34 |Tail section fire |Complete valve failure in APU spreading fire to the tail section |<ref>{{cite report |date=18 April 1968 |title=Aircraft Accident Report. Mohawk Airlines Inc. BAC 1-11, N1116J Near Blossberg, Pennsylvania June 23, 1967 |url=https://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/ntsb/aircraft-accident-reports/AAR68-AG.pdf |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board |id=AAR68-AG |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302054008/https://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/ntsb/aircraft-accident-reports/AAR68-AG.pdf |archive-date=2 March 2012 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |BOAC Flight 712 |8 April 1968 |Boeing 707-465 |Hounslow, United Kingdom |5/127 |Engine/wing fire |Engine failure due to metal fatigue, failure to close fuel shut off valve |<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ranter |first1=Harro |title=Accident Boeing 707-465 G-ARWE, Monday 8 April 1968 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/331877 |website=Aviation Safety Network |publisher=Flight Safety Foundation |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> |- |Interflug Flight 450 |14 August 1972 |Ilyushin Il-62 |Königs Wusterhausen, Bezirk Potsdam, East Germany |156/156 |Cargo fire |Hot-air tube leak |<ref>{{ASN accident |id=19720814-0 |type=Accident |title=DM-SEA |accessdate=9 March 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Denes |first1=Benjamin |last2=Spaeth |first2=Andreas |date=13 August 2022 |title="Mayday! Kurs 90 Grad, unmöglich Höhe zu halten." |trans-title=Mayday! Course 90 degrees, impossible to maintain altitude. |url=https://www.rbb24.de/panorama/beitrag/2022/08/flugzeugunglueck-1972-interflug-koenigs-wusterhausen-schoenefeld.html |access-date=9 March 2024 |website=Berlin-Brandenburg Broadcasting |language=de}}</ref> |- |Varig Flight 820 |11 July 1973 |Boeing 707-320C |Near Orly Airport, Île-de-France, France |123/134 |Cabin fire |Undetermined, potential electrical fault or lit cigarette |<ref>{{cite report |date=6 April 1976 |title=RAPPORT FINAL de la Commission d'Enquête sur l'accident survenu au Boeing 707 PP-VJZ de la Compagnie Varig à SAULX-les-CHARTREUX, le 11 juillet 1973 |url=http://www.bea-fr.org/docspa/1973/pp-z730711/pdf/pp-z730711.pdf |language=French |trans-title=FINAL REPORT of the Commission of Inquiry into the accident to the Boeing 707 PP-VJZ of the Varig Company in SAULX-les-CHARTREUX, on July 11, 1973 |publisher=French Secretariat of Transportation |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724121729/http://www.bea-fr.org/docspa/1973/pp-z730711/pdf/pp-z730711.pdf |archive-date=24 July 2011 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Pakistan International Airlines Flight 740 |26 November 1979 |Boeing 707-340C |Near Taif, Mecca Province, Saudi Arabia |156/156 |Cabin fire |Undetermined, potential electrical fault or gasoline leak |<ref>{{ASN accident |id=19791126-0 |type=Accident |title=AP-AWZ |accessdate=9 March 2024}}</ref> |- |Saudia Flight 163 |19 August 1980 |Lockheed L-1011-200 TriStar |Riyadh International Airport, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia |301/301 |Cargo Fire |Undetermined |<ref>{{cite report |date=16 January 1982 |title=Aircraft Accident Report Saudi Arabian Airlines Lockheed L-1011, HZ -AHK Riyadh, Saudi Arabia August 19th 1980 |url=http://lessonslearned.faa.gov/Saudi163/AircraftAccidentReportSAA.pdf |publisher=Presidency of Civil Aviation |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101170608/http://lessonslearned.faa.gov/Saudi163/AircraftAccidentReportSAA.pdf |archive-date=1 January 2014 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Pilgrim Airlines Flight 458 |21 February 1982 |de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter |Scituate Reservoir, Rhode Island, United States |1/12 |Cockpit fire |Ignition of the windshield washer/deicer fluid, exact ignition source undetermined |<ref>{{cite report |date=20 July 1982 |title=Aircraft Accident Report—Pilgrim Airlines Flight 458, deHavilland DHC-6-100, N127PM, Near Providence, Rhode Island, February 21, 1982 |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR8207.pdf |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board |id=NTSB-AAR-82-7 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329233758/http://ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR8207.pdf |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Air Canada Flight 797 |2 June 1983 |McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 |Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, Kentucky, United States |23/46 |Cabin fire |Undetermined, potential electrical fault |<ref>{{cite report |date=31 January 1986 |title=Aircraft Accident Report: Air Canada Flight 797, McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32, C-FTLU, Greater Cincinnati International Airport, Covington, Kentucky, June 2, 1983 (Supersedes NTSB/AAR-84/09) |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR8602.pdf |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board |id=NTSB/AAR-86/02 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250109110309/https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/accidentreports/reports/aar8602.pdf |archive-date=9 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Mexicana de Aviación Flight 940 |31 March 1986 |Boeing 727-264 |Near Maravatío, Michoacán, Mexico |167/167 |Landing-gear fire |Under-inflated and overheated tires being filled with air, chemical reaction |<ref>{{cite report |title=INFORME Y DICTAMEN DE ACCIDENTE – 31 DE MARZO DE 1986 – AERONAVE BOEING 727-200 MATRICULA XA-MEM – CERRO DE SAN MIGUEL EL ALTO, MUNICIPIO DE MARAVATIO, ESTADO DE MICHOACAN |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/reports/1986/19860331_B722_XA-MEM.pdf |language=Spanish |trans-title=ACCIDENT REPORT AND FINDINGS - 31 MARCH 1986 - AIRCRAFT BOEING 727-200 REGISTRATION XA-MEM - CERRO DE SAN MIGUEL EL ALTO, MUNICIPALITY OF MARAVATIO, STATE OF MICHOACAN |publisher=General Directorate of Civil Aeronautics Aviation Accident Investigation and Determination Commission |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204110235/https://asn.flightsafety.org/reports/1986/19860331_B722_XA-MEM.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2024 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |LOT Polish Airlines Flight 5055 |9 May 1987 |Ilyushin Il-62 |Kabaty Woods, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland |183/183 |Engine fire |Disintegration of engine bearings from improper maintenance |<ref>{{ASN accident |id=19870509-0 |type=Accident |title=SP-LBG |accessdate=13 March 2024}}</ref> |- |South African Airways Flight 295 |28 November 1987 |Boeing 747-244BM Combi |Indian Ocean, 225 km NE of Flacq, Mauritius |159/159 |Cargo fire |Disputed; undetermined (Official investigation), military fuel (alternate theories) |<ref>{{cite report |date=14 May 1990 |title=Report of the Board of Inquiry into the loss of South African Airways Boeing 747-22B Combi Aircraft "Helderberg" in the Indian Ocean on November 28th 1987 |url=http://caa.co.za/Accidents%20and%20Incidents%20Reports/Final%20Report%20ZS-SAS.pdf |publisher=Mango Commission |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303082815/http://caa.co.za/Accidents%20and%20Incidents%20Reports/Final%20Report%20ZS-SAS.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2022 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.withmaliceandforethought.com/Carte_Blanche_June04_2000.pdf|type=PDF|title=Helderberg Conspiracy|date=4 June 2000|series=Carte Blanche}}</ref> |- |American Airlines Flight 132 |3 February 1988 |McDonnell Douglas MD-83 |Nashville International Airport,Tennessee, United States |0/126 |Cargo fire |Hazardous materials in cargo hold weren't properly stored |- |Horizon Air Flight 2658 |15 April 1988 |de Havilland Canada DHC-8-102 |Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, Washington, United States |0/40 |Engine fire |Improperly installed fuel filter |<ref name="NTSB">{{cite report|url=https://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/ntsb/aircraft-accident-reports/AAR89-02.pdf |title=Horizon Air, Inc., de Havilland DHC-8, Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, Seattle, Washington, April 15, 1988 |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board|id=NTSB/AAR-89/02|date=6 March 1989 |access-date=5 April 2025}}</ref> |- |British Midland Airways Flight 092 |8 January 1989 |Boeing 737-4Y0 |East Midlands Airport, Kegworth, England |47/126 |Engine fire |The left engine experienced an excessive vibration of its LP Stage 1 compressor causing a fire which led to smoke entering the cockpit, the pilots in response mistakenly shut off the right engine which eventually caused the left engine to fail. |- |Nigeria Airways Flight 2120 |11 July 1991 |Douglas DC-8-61 |Near King Abdulaziz International Airport, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |261/261 |Landing-gear fire |Under-inflated and overheated tires bursting on takeoff |<ref>{{cite report |title=McDonnell-Douglas DC-8-61, C-GMXQ, accident at King Abdulaziz International Airport, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, on 11 July 1991 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/reports/1991/19910711_DC86_C-GMXQ.pdf |publisher=Presidency of Civil Aviation |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911202046/https://reports.aviation-safety.net/1991/19910711-0_DC86_C-GMXQ.pdf |archive-date=11 September 2021 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Zambia national football team plane crash |27 April 1993 |de Havilland Canada DHC-5D Buffalo |Gulf of Guinea, near Akanda, Estuaire Province, Gabon |30/30 |Engine fire |Engine defects, carbon contamination in gearbox |<ref>{{ASN accident |id=19930427-2 |type=Accident |title=AF-319 |accessdate=9 March 2024}}</ref> |- |Baikal Airlines Flight 130 |3 January 1994 |Tupolev Tu-154M |Mamony, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia |124/124{{efn|A total of 125 people were killed as one person was killed on the ground}} |Engine fire |Uncontained engine failure from foreign object damage |<ref>{{ASN accident |id=19940103-2 |type=Accident |title=RA-85656 |accessdate=13 March 2024}}</ref> |- |ValuJet Flight 592 |11 May 1996 |McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 |Everglades, Florida, United States |110/110 |Cargo fire |Improperly packaged oxygen generators activating, excessive heat |<ref>{{cite report |date=19 August 1997 |title=In-Flight Fire and Impact with Terrain, ValuJet Airlines Flight 592, DC-9-32, N904VJ, Everglades, Near Miami, Florida, May 11, 1996 |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR9706.pdf |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board |id=NTSB/AAR-97/06 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250110191332/https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR9706.pdf |archive-date=10 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |FedEx Express Flight 1406 |5 September 1996 |McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10CF |Stewart International Airport, New York, United States |0/5 |Cargo fire |Undetermined |<ref>{{cite report |date=22 July 1998 |title=In-flight Fire/Emergency Landing, Federal Express Flight 1406, Stewart International Airport, Newburgh, New York, September 5, 1996 |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR9803.pdf |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board |id=NTSB/AAR-98/03 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424080036/http://ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR9803.pdf|archive-date=24 April 2016 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Propair Flight 420 |18 June 1998 |Fairchild Metroliner SA226 |Montréal–Mirabel International Airport, Quebec, Canada |11/11 |Landing-gear fire |Overheated dragged tires |<ref>{{cite report |title=IN-FLIGHT FIRE—LANDING GEAR WELL PROPAIR INC. SWEARINGEN SA226-TC C-GQAL MIRABEL / MONTRÉAL INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, QUEBEC 18 JUNE 1998 |url=https://tsb.gc.ca/sites/default/files/rapports-reports/aviation/a98q0087/eng/a98q0087.pdf |publisher=Transportation Safety Board of Canada |id=A98Q0087 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131121171904/https://www.bst-tsb.gc.ca/eng/rapports-reports/aviation/1998/a98q0087/a98q0087.pdf |archive-date=21 November 2013 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Swissair Flight 111 |2 September 1998 |McDonnell Douglas MD-11 |10 km SW of Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia, Canada |229/229 |Electrical fire |Flammable materials around in-flight entertainment wires |<ref>{{cite report |title= Aviation Investigation Report In-Flight Fire Leading to Collision with Water Swissair Transport Limited McDonnell Douglas MD-11 HB-IWF Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia 5 nm SW 2 September 1999 Report Number A98H0003 |url=https://tsb.gc.ca/sites/default/files/rapports-reports/aviation/a98h0003/eng/a98h0003.pdf |publisher=Transportation Safety Board of Canada |id=A98H0003 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017094917/http://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/rapports-reports/aviation/1998/a98h0003/a98h0003.pdf |archive-date=17 October 2013 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Air France Flight 4590 |25 July 2000 |Concorde |Gonesse, Île-de-France, France |109/109{{efn|A total of 113 people were killed as four people were killed on the ground}} |Fuel tank/Engine fire |Foreign object damage on landing gear |<ref>{{cite report |title=Accident on 25 July 2000 at La Patte d'Oie in Gonesse (95) to the Concorde registered F-BTSC operated by Air France |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/reports/2000/20000725_CONC_F-BTSC.pdf |publisher=Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety |id=f-sc000725a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909180147/https://asn.flightsafety.org/reports/2000/20000725_CONC_F-BTSC.pdf |archive-date=9 September 2024 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |China Northern Airlines Flight 6136 |7 May 2002 |McDonnell Douglas MD-82 |Bohai Bay, near Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport, Liaoning, China |112/112 |Cabin fire |Intentional gasoline fire, attempted insurance fraud |<ref>{{ASN accident |id=20020507-1 |type= Criminal occurrence |title= B-2138|accessdate=8 March 2024}}</ref> |- |UPS Airlines Flight 6 |3 September 2010 |Boeing 747-400F |Near Nad Al Sheba, Dubai, United Arab Emirates |2/2 |Cargo fire |Autoignition of cargo pallet with lithium batteries |<ref>{{cite report |date=24 July 2013 |title=Air Accident Investigation Report - Uncontained Cargo Fire Leading to Loss of Control Inflight and Uncontrolled Descent Into Terrain |url=https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/departments/airaccidentinvestigation/Lists/Incidents%20Investigation%20Reports/Attachments/56/2010-2010%20-%20Final%20Report%20-%20Boeing%20747-44AF%20-%20N571UP%20-%20Report%2013%202010.pdf |publisher=General Civil Aviation Authority |id=13/2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241124032923/https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/departments/airaccidentinvestigation/Lists/Incidents%20Investigation%20Reports/Attachments/56/2010-2010%20-%20Final%20Report%20-%20Boeing%20747-44AF%20-%20N571UP%20-%20Report%2013%202010.pdf |archive-date=24 November 2024 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Asiana Airlines Flight 991 |28 July 2011 |Boeing 747-400F |East China Sea, {{cvt|160|km|mi}} W of Jeju City, Jeju Province, South Korea |2/2 |Cargo fire |Undetermined |<ref>{{cite report |date=24 July 2015 |title=Aircraft Accident Report Crash Into The Sea After An In-Flight Fire Asiana Airlines Boeing 747-400F, HL7604 International Waters 130 km West Of Jeju Int'l Airport 28 July 2011 |url=https://skybrary.aero/sites/default/files/bookshelf/2143.pdf |publisher=Aviation and Railway Accident Investigation Board |id=ARAIB/AAR1105 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241220075008/https://skybrary.aero/sites/default/files/bookshelf/2143.pdf |archive-date=20 December 2024 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |EgyptAir Flight 804 |19 May 2016 |Airbus A320-232 |Mediterranean Sea, {{cvt|280|km|mi}} N of Alexandria |66/66 |Cabin/Cockpit fire{{efn|The ECAA claimed that the fire started in the forward galley while the BEA claimed that the fire started in the cockpit}} |Disputed; bombing (ECAA), leaking oxygen mask (BEA) |<ref>{{cite report |date=30 October 2024 |title=Final Report EgyptAir A320 Aircraft crash in the Mediterranean, registered SU-GCC, flight number MSR804, from Charles De-Gaulle Airport, Paris to Cairo International Airport, on 19/05/2016 |url=https://www.civilaviation.gov.eg/Accident_GenDownloadRes?id=b9cb54f0-408d-40c7-94cb-1ad356e04623%5C20241029_174141038_0.pdf&name=Accident_Report&fileName=%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB_2024-10-30_A320-232%20-%20AIRBUS |publisher=Ministry of Civil Aviation (Egypt) |id=EGAI2016-01 |url-status=live |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=18 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |date=December 2023 |title=Oxygen fire in cockpit study - Accident to the A320 registered SU_GCC on 19 May 2016 |url=https://bea.aero/fileadmin/documents/etudes/feucockpitEN/BEA2016-0293_OXYGEN-FIRE_study.pdf |publisher=Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety |id=BEA2016-0093 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250109020344/https://bea.aero/fileadmin/documents/etudes/feucockpitEN/BEA2016-0293_OXYGEN-FIRE_study.pdf |archive-date=9 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> |- |Alaska Air Fuel Douglas C-54 crash |23 April 2024 |Douglas C-54D Skymaster |Tanana River, Alaska, United States |2/2 |Fuel tank/engine fire |Ignition of leaking fuel after exposure to hot oil, improper maintenance |<ref>{{cite report |last=Ward |first=Mark |date=1 April 2025 |title=Aviation Investigation Final Report |url=https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/194141/pdf |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board |id=ANC24FA029 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250404045622/https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/194141/pdf |archive-date=4 April 2025 |access-date=18 May 2025}}</ref> |- |Total Linhas Aéreas Flight 5682 |9 November 2024 |Boeing 737-4Q8 (SF) |São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport, São Paulo, Brazil |0/2 |Cargo fire |Under investigation |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Accident Boeing 737-4Q8 (SF) PS-TLB, Saturday 9 November 2024 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/459686 |access-date=2024-11-13 |website=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref> |}
== Notes == {{notelist}}
== References == {{reflist}}
Category:Types of fire Category:Aviation accidents and incidents Category:Aviation risks Category:Aircraft fires Category:Airliner accidents and incidents caused by in-flight fires
== External links == *[https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/cat/FII List of in-flight fire accidents on the Aviation Safety Network] {{In-flight fires}}