{{Short description|High protein concentration in the blood}} {{Infobox medical condition | name = Hyperproteinemia | synonyms = High blood protein | image = Serum protein electrophoresis normal results.jpg | alt = | caption = Serum protein electrophoresis normal results (study performed at a hospital laboratory). | pronounce = | synonym = | field = Hematology | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }}
'''Hyperproteinemia''' is the state of having overly high levels of protein in the blood. This can occur due to monoclonal gammopathies such as multiple myeloma and after intravenous immunoglobulin has been given.<ref name=Fil2016/> It can result in a falsely low appearing sodium level (hyponatremia).<ref name=Fil2016>{{cite journal|last1=Filippatos|first1=TD|last2=Liamis|first2=G |last3=Christopoulou |first3=F |last4=Elisaf |first4=MS |title=Ten common pitfalls in the evaluation of patients with hyponatremia.|journal=European Journal of Internal Medicine|date=April 2016|volume=29|pages=22–5|pmid=26706473|doi=10.1016/j.ejim.2015.11.022|doi-access=free}}</ref>
==Causes== Increases in certain proteins that are typically present in relatively low concentrations, such as acute phase reactants and polyclonal immunoglobulins caused by inflammation, late-stage liver disease, and infections, can result in mild hyperproteinemia. Normal total protein levels are not sufficient to rule out multiple myeloma or other malignant paraproteinemias, but they may also be the cause of moderate-to-marked hyperproteinemia. To determine the reason behind the elevated serum total protein, a serum protein electrophoresis should be carried out.<ref name="Endocrinology Catalog o663">{{cite web | title=Protein, Total, Serum | website=Endocrinology Catalog |url=https://endocrinology.testcatalog.org/show/TP | access-date=December 28, 2023}}</ref>
The plasma protein level may increase due to dehydration from blood loss of fluids (severe vomiting and diarrhea).{{Citation needed|date=June 2025}}
1. Physiological causes:{{Citation needed|date=June 2025}}
* Standing position * Vigorous exercise * Excessive stasis while withdrawing blood
2. Pathological causes:{{Citation needed|date=June 2025}}
* Infective disease like tuberculosis * Multiple myeloma
Reduced production (hypogammaglobulinemia), as well as increased protein loss (nephrotic syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy), can cause hypoproteinemia. To determine the reason behind the lower serum total protein, a serum protein electrophoresis ought to be carried out. Urine protein electrophoresis needs to be carried out if a nephrotic pattern is found.<ref name="Endocrinology Catalog o663"/>
==See also==
* Hypoproteinemia * Plasma protein
==References== {{reflist}}
==Further reading== * {{cite journal | last1=Wang | first1=Guang | last2=Wang | first2=Yong-Feng | last3=Li | first3=Jiang-Lan | last4=Peng | first4=Ru-Ji | last5=Liang | first5=Xin-Yin | last6=Chen | first6=Xue-Dong | last7=Jiang | first7=Gui-Hua | last8=Shi | first8=Jin-Fang | last9=Si-Ma | first9=Yang-Hu | last10=Xu | first10=Shi-Qing | title=Mechanism of hyperproteinemia-induced blood cell homeostasis imbalance in an animal model | journal=Zoological Research | publisher=Editorial Office of Zoological Research, Kunming Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences | volume=43 | issue=3 | date=May 5, 2022 | pages=301–318 | pmid=35312240 | doi=10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.397 | ref=none | doi-access=free| pmc=9113973 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Leonard |first1=Cardon |last2=Donald H |first2=Atlas |title=Incidence and causes of hyperproteinemia a study of 4,390 cases |journal=Arch Intern Med |date=1943 |volume=71 |issue=3 |pages=377–390 |doi=10.1001/archinte.1943.00210030078007 |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/549218 |access-date=28 December 2023 | ref=none |url-access=subscription }}
==External links== * [https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21025-high-blood-protein-hyperproteinemia Cleveland Clinic] * [https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/high-blood-protein/basics/definition/sym-20050599 Mayo Clinic]
{{Medical resources | ICD11 = {{ICD11|5D0Y}} | ICD10 = {{ICD10|E88.0}} | ICD10CM = {{ICD10CM|E88.09}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|273.8}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MeshID = | DiseasesDB = | SNOMED CT = 37064009 | Curlie = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | PatientUK = | NCI = | GeneReviewsNBK = | GeneReviewsName = | NORD = | GARDNum = | GARDName = | RP = | AO = | WO = | OrthoInfo = | Orphanet = | Scholia = Q3144191 | OB = }}
Category:Abnormal clinical and laboratory findings for blood