{{short description|United States military service award}} {{Infobox military award | name = '''Armed Forces Reserve Medal''' | image = 125px<br>240px | caption = <br>'''Armed Forces Reserve Medal''' | presenter = <br/>Department of Defense<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodm/134833v2_dodm_2016.pdf |title=Issuances |date=2016 |website=www.esd.whs.mil |access-date=2018-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912013545/http://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodm/134833v2_dodm_2016.pdf |archive-date=2017-09-12 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br/>Department of Homeland Security<ref>{{cite web |url=https://media.defense.gov/2017/Mar/29/2001723556/-1/-1/0/CIM_1650_25E.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904105203/https://media.defense.gov/2017/Mar/29/2001723556/-1/-1/0/CIM_1650_25E.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 4, 2017 |title= Data|website=United States Department of Defense}}</ref> | established = EO 10163, September 25, 1950, as amended<ref>Amended by EO 10439, March 19, 1953, and EO 13013, August 6, 1996. Additional details and descriptions at [http://law.justia.com/us/cfr/title32/32-3.1.1.6.27.html#32:3.1.1.6.27.0.15.43 32&nbsp;CFR&nbsp;578.43].</ref> | type = Service Medal | eligibility = Officers and enlisted personnel of the US Armed Forces reserve components | status = Active | firstawarded = | lastawarded = | total_awarded = | total_awarded_posthumously = | total_recipients = | individual = | higher = Army: Army Sea Duty Ribbon<ref name=tiohorder>{{cite web|title=Decorations and Medals > Ribbons – Order of Precedence|url=http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/Awards/order_of_precedence.aspx|publisher=The Institute of Heraldry|access-date=3 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015105545/http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/Awards/order_of_precedence.aspx|archive-date=15 October 2013|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> <br />Navy: Navy Basic Military Training Honor Graduate Ribbon<ref name=npcorder>{{cite web|title=Navy Awards Precedence Chart |url=https://www.mynavyhr.navy.mil/References/US-Navy-Uniforms/Uniform-Regulations/Navy-Awards-Precedence/ |publisher=Navy Personnel Center |access-date=3 March 2022}}</ref><br />Air and Space Forces: Developmental Special Duty Ribbon<ref name=afpcorder>{{cite web|title=Library > Awards and Decorations |url=http://www.afpc.af.mil/library/awards/index.asp |publisher=Air Force Personnel Center |access-date=3 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130213202807/http://www.afpc.af.mil/library/awards/index.asp |archive-date=13 February 2013 }}</ref><br />Marine Corps: Marine Corps Combat Instructor Ribbon<ref>{{cite web|last1=Headquarters Marine Corps|title=MARINE CORPS COMBAT INSTRUCTOR RIBBON ESTABLISHED|url=https://www.marines.mil/News/NewsDisplay/tabid/3258/Article/496931/marine-corps-combat-instructor-ribbon-established.aspx|website=www.marines.mil|access-date=10 September 2014|date=8 September 2014}}</ref><br />Coast Guard: Coast Guard Recruiting Service Ribbon<ref name=M1650.25D>{{cite web|title=COMDTINST M1650.25D Medals and Awards Manual |url=http://www.uscg.mil/directives/cim/1000-1999/CIM_1650_25D.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916083532/http://www.uscg.mil/directives/cim/1000-1999/CIM_1650_25D.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 16, 2008 |publisher=United States Coast Guard |date=May 2008 |access-date=3 February 2013 }}</ref> | lower = Army: NCO Professional Development Ribbon<ref name=tiohorder/><br />Navy & Coast Guard: Naval Reserve Medal<ref name=npcorder/><ref name=M1650.25D/><br />Air and Space Forces: NCO PME Graduate Ribbon<ref name=afpcorder/><br />Marine Corps: Marine Corps Reserve Ribbon<ref name=marcororder>{{cite web|title=5102. PRECEDENCE|url=http://www.marcorsyscom.usmc.mil/sites/mcub/library/mcur/urch5.htm|work=MCO P1020.34F MARINE CORPS UNIFORM REGULATIONS|publisher=United States Marine Corps|access-date=3 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307232426/http://www.marcorsyscom.usmc.mil/sites/mcub/library/MCUR/URCH5.htm|archive-date=7 March 2013|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | image2 = <br />border|106px | caption2 = Armed Forces Reserve Medal service ribbon }}

The '''Armed Forces Reserve Medal''' ('''AFRM''') is a service medal of the United States Armed Forces that has existed since 1958. The medal recognizes service performed by members of the reserve components and is awarded to both officers and enlisted personnel. The medal is considered a successor award to the Naval Reserve Medal and the Marine Corps Reserve Ribbon, which were discontinued in 1958 and 1965, respectively.

If the medal is awarded for periods of service, it is accompanied by an '''hourglass device'''. Depending on the length of service, a bronze, silver, gold, or bronze and gold hourglass are worn on the suspension ribbon and service ribbon, indicating 10, 20, 30, or 40 years of service, respectively.

If the medal is awarded in connection with a mobilization, it is accompanied by an '''"M" device'''. Subsequent mobilizations under an unrelated presidential call-up order result in a numeral device being worn to indicate the number of mobilizations.

==For service – the Hourglass device== In the Army Reserve and National Guard, a service member qualifies for the medal after completing a total of ten years' service in the active reserve. This service may be cumulative, provided that the combined ten years of service was performed over a period of twelve consecutive years. Voluntary recalls to active duty are not counted within the ten years of service. In addition, unlike the Reserve Good Conduct Medal, a service member's disciplinary history is not a factor when awarding the Armed Forces Reserve Medal. In the Navy Reserve, members of the Individual Ready Reserve are eligible for the medal after 10 years of service.<ref>{{cite web|title=United States Navy Personnel Command|url=http://www.public.navy.mil/bupers-npc/career/reservepersonnelmgmt/IRR/Pages/GuidetotheIRR.aspx|access-date=3 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118095156/http://www.public.navy.mil/bupers-npc/career/reservepersonnelmgmt/IRR/Pages/GuidetotheIRR.aspx|archive-date=18 January 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Commissioned officers with reserve commissions serving on active duty for 10 years or longer are eligible for the Armed Forces Reserve Medal.

Periods of service for the Armed Forces Reserve Medal are denoted through the use of the hourglass device. The length of the period for which the Armed Forces Reserve Medal is awarded is indicated using a bronze hourglass, silver hourglass, gold hourglass, or bronze and gold hourglasses together.<ref>[https://www.mynavyhr.navy.mil/References/US-Navy-Uniforms/Uniform-Regulations/Chapter-5/5301-Awards/#5301 Navy Personnel Command, U.S. Navy Uniform Regulations, Chapter 5, 5301–5319 Awards], accessed 3 March 2022</ref><ref>[http://www.marcorsyscom.usmc.mil/sites/mcub/PAGES/Uniform%20Regs%20Chapters/Chapter%205_files/Chapter%205.asp Permanent Marine Corps Uniform Board, Chapert 5, Awards] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081226105349/http://www.marcorsyscom.usmc.mil/sites/mcub/PAGES/Uniform%20Regs%20Chapters/Chapter%205_files/Chapter%205.asp |date=December 26, 2008 }}, last updated 29 October 2009, accessed 1 April 2012</ref><ref name=M1650.25D/><ref>[https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/pdf/r600_8_22.pdf U.S. Army Regulation 600-8-22, Military Awards], dated 11 December 2006, revised 15 September 2011, last accessed 1 April 2012</ref><ref>[http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/UniformedServices/Accoutrements.aspx The Institute of Heraldry, Uniformed Services ~ Army > Service Ribbons Accoutrements] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423065748/http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/UniformedServices/Accoutrements.aspx |date=2012-04-23 }}, accessed 1 April 2012</ref><ref>[http://www.af.mil/shared/media/epubs/AFI36-2803.pdf U.S. Air Force Instruction 36-2803, The Air Force Awards and Decorations Program]{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, published 15 June 2001, last accessed 3 May 2012</ref><ref>[http://www.afpc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=7825 Air Force Personnel Center, Armed Forces Reserve Medal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915155807/http://www.afpc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=7825 |date=2012-09-15 }}, posted 23 August 2010, last accessed 3 May 2012</ref><ref name=DoDM1348.33V2/> The initial presentation of the Armed Forces Reserve Medal is authorized with the bronze hourglass device denoting ten years of reserve service. At twenty years of service, the hourglass is upgraded to silver, and at thirty years the hourglass becomes gold. For those who complete forty years of reserve service, both the gold and bronze hourglass devices are worn simultaneously. This is the only case where hourglasses are worn together; in all other cases the hourglass device is upgraded to the next higher award degree and is worn as a single device. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Type !! Hourglass Device !! Years of service !! Example |- | Bronze || 20px || 10 ||150px|Bronze Hourglass Device<span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -86px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span> |- | Silver || 20px || 20 ||150px|Silver Hourglass Device<span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -86px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span> |- | Gold || 20px || 30 ||150px|Gold Hourglass Device<span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -86px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span> |- | Bronze and Gold ||20px20px || 40 ||150px|Bronze and Gold Hourglass Devices<span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -97px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span><span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -75px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span> |} Prior to {{Executive Order|13013}} issued on August 6, 1996, a bronze hourglass device was presented only upon the second and subsequent awards of the Armed Forces Reserve Medal, as in a bronze hourglass for twenty years of service, two bronze hourglasses for thirty, and three bronze hourglasses for forty. Executive Order 13013 provided awarding a bronze hourglass after 10 years' service, a silver hourglass after 20 years, and a gold hourglass after 30 years. Personnel discharged or retired, prior to the change of the Hourglass Device award criteria, are not eligible for a correction of records or an upgrade of the Hourglass Device, as the Hourglass Device would have originally been presented under the original award specifications. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Number of bronze devices !! Years of service !! Example |- | 0 || 10 ||150px |- | 1 22px || 20 ||150px<span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -86px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span> |- | 2 22px22px || 30 ||150px<span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -97px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span><span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -75px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span> |- | 3 22px22px22px || 40 ||150px<span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -108px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span><span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -86px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span><span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -64px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">22px</span> |}

==For mobilization – the "M" device== {{Stack|145px|thumb|right|AFRM ribbon with silver Hourglass Device and two awards of the Mobilization Device}} The Armed Forces Reserve Medal is also awarded to any member of the Reserve or National Guard who is involuntarily mobilized for a contingency operation under Title 10 or Title 14, or volunteers for federal active duty during any such mobilization. In such cases, the medal with an "M" device (for mobilization) are both awarded together without regard to the period or length of service.<ref name=1348.33V3>{{cite web|title=Manual of Military Decorations and Awards: DoD-Wide Performance and Valor Awards; Foreign Awards; Military Awards to Foreign Personnel and U.S. Public Health Service Officers; and Miscellaneous Information|url=http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/134833vol3.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110322212501/http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/134833vol3.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 22, 2011|publisher=Department of Defense|date=23 November 2010|access-date=3 February 2013}}</ref> The "M" device is a bronze "M" quarter of an inch in height.

Subsequent mobilizations for a different executive order call-up authorize a numeral device ("2", "3", etc.), sometimes called an award numeral, to be worn with the initial "M" device on the service ribbon and suspension ribbon of the medal.<ref name=1348.33V3/> However, in the Army, multiple deployments for different operations during a call-up for the same executive order only qualify for a single award of the "M" device.<ref name=DoDM1348.33V2>{{cite web|title=Manual of Military Decorations and Awards: DoD Service Awards – Campaign, Expeditionary, and Service Medals|url=http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/134833vol2.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110322212453/http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/134833vol2.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 22, 2011|work=DoD Manual 1348.33, Vol. 2|publisher=Department of Defense|access-date=23 November 2010}} ''See paragraph 6i(2)(c) which establishes that multiple periods of service during one designated contingency under paragraph 6c(1)(a)3 counts as one "M" device award.''</ref> For example, if a soldier mobilized multiple times under {{Executive Order|13223}}, once for Operation ENDURING FREEDOM and twice for Operation IRAQI FREEDOM, the soldier would still only be awarded one "M" device despite having been mobilized three times.<ref name=HRC_FAQ>{{cite web|title=United States Army Human Resources Command|url=https://www.hrc.army.mil/site/Active/TAGD/awards/FAQs/AFRM.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820074843/https://www.hrc.army.mil/site/Active/TAGD/awards/FAQs/AFRM.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 20, 2018|access-date=3 January 2012}} (See example given.)</ref>

If no "M" device is authorized, the appropriate hourglass shall be positioned in the center of the ribbon. If no hourglass is authorized, the "M" device shall be positioned in the center of the ribbon, followed by Arabic numerals indicating the number of times the device has been awarded (e.g., 2 to 99—no number is worn for the first award). If both the hourglass and the "M" device are awarded, the hourglass(es) shall be positioned in first position on the ribbon (at the wearer's right), the "M" device in middle position, and the number of times the "M" device has been awarded in the remaining position (at the wearer's left).<ref name=DoDM1348.33V2/>

===Authorized Operation=== The table below lists designated U.S. military operations that have been approved for award of the "M’ device on the AFRM under the provisions of Section 12301 of Title 10, U.S.C, provided the member meets other award criteria designated contained in DoDM 1348.33, Volume 2, Manual of Military Decorations and Awards: DoD Service Awards – Campaign, Expeditionary, and Service Medals.<ref name=DoDM1348.33V2/> The Military Departments are responsible for determining individual eligibility for the "M" device based on award criteria. Please refer individual eligibility questions to your respective Military Department.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://prhome.defense.gov/Portals/52/Documents/RFM/MPP/OEPM/docs/ACM-Approved%20Campaign%20Phases-Feb%202015.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626152340/http://prhome.defense.gov/Portals/52/Documents/RFM/MPP/OEPM/docs/ACM-Approved%20Campaign%20Phases-Feb%202015.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 26, 2015|title=Armed Forces Reserve Medal - Approved Operations for "M" device|website=United States Department of Defense|access-date=30 June 2021}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Operation(s)<ref name=DoDM1348.33V2 /> !! Location |- | DESERT SHIELD and DESERT STORM<ref>Executive Order 13013</ref>|| Persian Gulf |- | RESTORE HOPE|| Somalia |- | UPHOLD DEMOCRACY || Haiti |- | JOINT ENDEAVOR, JOINT GUARD, and JOINT FORGE|| Bosnia |- | DESERT FOX, NORTHERN WATCH, and SOUTHERN WATCH|| Persian Gulf |- | ALLIED FORCE|| Kosovo |- | NOBLE EAGLE, ENDURING FREEDOM, IRAQI FREEDOM, NEW DAWN, FREEDOM'S SENTINEL, and INHERENT RESOLVE || war on terrorism |- |align="left" colspan="2"| NOTE 1: Multiple periods of service during one designated contingency shall count as one "M" device award.<br>NOTE 2: Even if an operation is not officially named but it results in an involuntary call to active duty, the AFRM with "M" device is authorized. |}

== See also ==

* United States military award devices

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028120213/http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/awards/armed_forces_reserve.aspx Department of The Army Institute of Heraldry website] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170303065937/http://foxfall.com/gcrm-dod-afrm.htm Armed Forces Reserve Medal]

{{US interservice decorations}}

Category:Military awards and decorations of the United States Category:Awards established in 1950 Category:1950 establishments in the United States Category:Long service medals Category:Reserve forces of the United States