{{short description|Genus of plants}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}} {{Automatic taxobox |image = Guarea guidonia 3.JPG |image_caption = ''Guarea guidonia'' |taxon = Guarea |authority = F. Allam ex L. |subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision = See text }}
'''''Guarea''''' is a genus of evergreen trees or shrubs in the family Meliaceae, native to tropical Africa and Central and South America. At their largest, they are large trees 20–45 m tall, with a trunk over 1 m diameter, often buttressed at the base. The leaves are pinnate, with 4–6 pairs of leaflets, the terminal leaflet present. They are dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.<ref name=Pennington>{{cite journal|first1=T. D.|last1=Pennington|first2=B. T.|last2=Styles|title=A Generic Monograph of the Meliaceae|journal=Blumea|volume=22|date=1975|pages=419–540}}</ref> The flowers are produced in loose inflorescences, each flower small, with 4–5 yellowish petals. The fruit is a four or five-valved capsule, containing several seeds, each surrounded by a yellow-orange fleshy aril; the seeds are dispersed by hornbills and monkeys which eat the aril.
==Species== Species accepted by Plants of the World Online as of March 2019:<ref name=POWO>{{cite web |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331634-2 |title=Guarea |date=2017 |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|access-date=17 March 2019}}</ref> {{Columns-list| {{Linked species list| Guarea aguilarii|Al.Rodr.| Guarea anomala|T.D.Penn.| Guarea bijuga|C.DC.| Guarea blanchetii|C.DC.| Guarea bullata|Radlk.| Guarea carapoides|Harms| Guarea carinata|Ducke| Guarea cartaguenya|Cuatrec.| Guarea casimiriana|Harms| Guarea caulobotrys|Cuatrec. </small>(also spelt ''caulobotryis'')<small>| Guarea chiricana|Standl.| Guarea cinnamomea|Harms| Guarea constricta|Al.Rodr.| Guarea convergens|T.D.Penn.| Guarea corrugata|Cuatrec.| Guarea corticosa|Al.Rodr.| Guarea costata|A.Juss.| Guarea crispa|T.D.Penn.| Guarea cristata|T.D.Penn.| Guarea donnell-smithii|C.DC.| Guarea ecuadoriensis|W.Palacios| Guarea eriorhachis|Harms| Guarea fissicalyx|Harms| Guarea fistulosa|W.Palacios| Guarea gentryi|Coronado| Guarea glabra|Vahl| Guarea gomma|Pulle| Guarea gracilis|T.D.Penn.| Guarea grossa|T.D.Penn.| Guarea guentheri|Harms| Guarea guidonia|(L.) Sleumer| Guarea hoffmanniana|C.DC.| Guarea humaitensis|T.D.Penn.| Guarea inesiana|Al.Rodr.| Guarea jamaicensis|Proctor| Guarea juglandiformis|T.D.Penn.| Guarea kunthiana|A.Juss.| Guarea lozanoi|Morales-P.| Guarea luxii|C.DC.| Guarea macrocalyx|Al.Rodr.| Guarea macrophylla|Vahl| Guarea megacostata|T.D.Penn.| Guarea megantha|A.Juss.| Guarea mexicana|Coronado| Guarea michel-moddei|T.D.Penn. & S.A.Mori| Guarea pendula|R.da Silva Ramalho, A.L.Pinheiro & T.D.Penn.| Guarea persistens|W.Palacios| Guarea polymera|Little| Guarea pterorhachis|Harms| Guarea pubescens|(Rich.) A.Juss.| Guarea purusana|C.DC.| Guarea pyriformis|T.D.Penn.| Guarea reticulatovenosa|T.D.Penn.| Guarea rhopalocarpa|Radlk.| Guarea riparia|W.Palacios| Guarea scabra|A.Juss.| Guarea silvatica|C.DC.| Guarea sphenophylla|Urb.| Guarea sprucei|C.DC.| Guarea subandina|W.Palacios| Guarea subsessilifolia|Al.Rodr.| Guarea tafae-malekui|Al.Rodr.| Guarea talamancana|Gómez-Laur. & Valerio| Guarea tonduzii|C.DC.| Guarea trunciflora|C.DC.| Guarea velutina|A.Juss.| Guarea venenata|T.D.Penn.| Guarea zarceroensis|Coronado| Guarea zepivae|T.D.Penn. }} }}
==Uses== The timber is important; the African species are known as '''bossé''', '''guarea''', or '''pink mahogany''', and the South American species as '''cramantee''' or '''American muskwood'''. It is said to possibly cause hallucinations if ingested.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/sciencemedicine/story/75472D1F5D896D71862575AD000E9C69?OpenDocument |date = 5 May 2009 |first= Kim |last=McGuire |title = Scientists get dirt on mystery plant |publisher = St. Louis Post-Dispatch |accessdate = 2009-05-07 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090616130408/http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/sciencemedicine/story/75472D1F5D896D71862575AD000E9C69?OpenDocument |archivedate = 16 June 2009 }}</ref>
[[File:Corinthos by Barbara Hepworth, Tate Liverpool.jpg|thumb|''Corinthos'' sculpture in guarea wood by Barbara Hepworth at Tate Liverpool<ref name="Corinthos">{{cite web| url=http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/hepworth-corinthos-t00531/text-catalogue-entry | title=Corinthos 1954–5 | publisher=Tate Gallery | location=UK | accessdate=5 August 2015 }}</ref>]] The wood can be used for sculpture and was favoured by the British 20th century sculptor Barbara Hepworth.<ref name="Corinthos" />
==References== {{Reflist}}
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Category:Guarea Category:Meliaceae genera Category:Medicinal plants Category:Dioecious plants
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