Garam Dal

{{Sources exist|date=May 2026}} {{Short description|Faction of the Indian National Congress}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} {{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}} [[File:Lal Bal Pal.jpg|thumb|Lala Lajpat Rai (left), Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal (right), the triumvirate known as ''Lal- Bal-Pal'' were the leaders of the Garam Dal.]] The Indian National Congress was formed in 1885. In 1907, it split into two factions, the Radicals — the '''Garam Dal''' (hot faction) — led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and the Moderates — the '''Naram Dal''' (soft faction) — led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bagrian |first1=Ashok Singh |title=National Movements Against The British Rule |journal=Abstracts of Sikh Studies |date=April-June 2024 |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=72-80 |url=https://www.sikhinstitute.org/pdf/aoss-april-june-2024.pdf |language=en}}</ref> They were termed so because of their attitude towards the British rule.<ref name="Jackson2011">{{cite book|author=Roy Jackson|title=Mawlana Mawdudi and Political Islam: Authority and the Islamic State|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ADv5oEXXjXIC&pg=PA58|year=2011|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-47411-5|page=58}}</ref> The Garam Dal is considered a triumvirate consisting of Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal, apart from Tilak. According to Bhatt and Bhargava, the differences between the two factions of the Congress paralyzed it, due to which "the agitation for independence ran out of steam and it remained so till the end of the First World War". The Naram Dal helped the British in the war effort, whereas the Garam Dal led by Tilak and Annie Besant started the Home Rule agitation in 1917. Asghar Ali Engineer writes that the Garam Dal separated itself from the Congress, after the differences that came to fore during the Congress session of Surat in 1907. Until 1915, Motilal Nehru was a member of the Naram Dal. However. under persuasion of his son Jawaharlal Nehru, he joined the Garam Dal.<ref name="Chaturvedi">{{cite book|author=B. K. Chaturvedi|title=Chacha Nehru|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tso4ErXma4kC&pg=PA19|accessdate=12 March 2012|publisher=Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd.|isbn=978-81-7182-354-3|page=19}}</ref>

==References== {{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garam Dal}} Category:Political party factions in India Category:Political parties established in 1907 Category:Indian National Congress Category:Indian independence movement Category:1907 establishments in India