{{chembox | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 443831073 | Name = Galangin | ImageFile = Galangin.svg | ImageSize = 220px | ImageAlt = Skeletal formula of galangin | ImageFile1 = Galangin-3D-balls.png | ImageAlt1 = Ball-and-stick model of the galangin molecule | IUPACName = 3,5,7-Trihydroxyflavone | SystematicName = 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4''H''-1-benzopyran-4-one | OtherNames = Norizalpinin<br>3,5,7-triOH-Flavone |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 4444935 | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = C10044 | InChI = 1/C15H10O5/c16-9-6-10(17)12-11(7-9)20-15(14(19)13(12)18)8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7,16-17,19H | InChIKey = VCCRNZQBSJXYJD-UHFFFAOYAC | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 309490 | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C15H10O5/c16-9-6-10(17)12-11(7-9)20-15(14(19)13(12)18)8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7,16-17,19H | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = VCCRNZQBSJXYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo = 548-83-4 | PubChem = 5281616 | IUPHAR_ligand = 410 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = 142FWE6ECS | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 5262 | SMILES = O=C1c3c(O/C(=C1/O)c2ccccc2)cc(O)cc3O }} |Section2={{Chembox Properties | C=15 | H=10 | O=5 | Density = 1.579 g/mL | MeltingPtC = 214 to 215 | MeltingPt_notes = | BoilingPt = }} }}
'''Galangin''' is a flavonol, a type of flavonoid.
==Occurrence== Galangin is found in high concentrations in plants like ''Alpinia officinarum'' (lesser galangal)<ref name=ciolino&yeh>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ciolino | first1 = H. P. | last2 = Yeh | first2 = G. C. | doi = 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690216 | title = The flavonoid galangin is an inhibitor of CYP1A1 activity and an agonist/antagonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor | journal = British Journal of Cancer | volume = 79 | issue = 9/10 | pages = 1340–1346 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10188874| pmc = 2362711}}</ref> and ''Helichrysum aureonitens''.<ref name="pmid9292410">{{cite journal|vauthors=Afolayan AJ, Meyer JJ | title=The antimicrobial activity of 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone isolated from the shoots of Helichrysum aureonitens | journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology | year= 1997 | volume= 57 | issue= 3 | pages= 177–181 | pmid=9292410 | doi=10.1016/s0378-8741(97)00065-2}}</ref> It is also found in the rhizome of ''Alpinia galanga''<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kaur | first1 = A. | last2 = Singh | first2 = R. | last3 = Dey | first3 = C. S. | last4 = Sharma | first4 = S. S. | last5 = Bhutani | first5 = K. K. | last6 = Singh | first6 = I. P. | title = Antileishmanial phenylpropanoids from ''Alpinia galanga'' (Linn.) Willd | journal = Indian Journal of Experimental Biology | volume = 48 | issue = 3 | pages = 314–317 | year = 2010 | pmid = 21046987 | url = http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/7407/1/IJEB%2048(3)%20314-317.pdf }}</ref> and in propolis.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Tosi | first1 = E | last2 = Re | first2 = E | last3 = Ortega | first3 = M | last4 = Cazzoli | first4 = A | title = Food preservative based on propolis: Bacteriostatic activity of propolis polyphenols and flavonoids upon Escherichia coli | doi = 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.01.011 | journal = Food Chemistry | volume = 104 | pages = 1025–1029 | year = 2007 | issue = 3 }}</ref>
==Biological activities== Galangin has been shown to have ''in vitro'' antibacterial<ref name="pmid16428027">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cushnie TP, Lamb AJ | title=Assessment of the antibacterial activity of galangin against 4-quinolone resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus| journal=Phytomedicine | year= 2006 | volume= 13 | issue= 3 | pages= 187–191 | pmid=16428027 | doi=10.1016/j.phymed.2004.07.003| url=https://hal.science/hal-04842337}}</ref><ref name="pmid15985350">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cushnie TP, Lamb AJ | title=Detection of galangin-induced cytoplasmic membrane damage in Staphylococcus aureus by measuring potassium loss| journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology | year= 2005 | volume= 101 | issue= 1–3 | pages= 243–248 | pmid=15985350 | doi=10.1016/j.jep.2005.04.014| url=https://hal.science/hal-04842111}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Yang Sylvia |last2=Zhang |first2=Chengqian |last3=Khoo |first3=Bee Luan |last4=Hao |first4=Piliang |last5=Chua |first5=Song Lin |date=2024-09-02 |title=Dual-species proteomics and targeted intervention of animal-pathogen interactions |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123224003837 |journal=Journal of Advanced Research |doi=10.1016/j.jare.2024.08.038 |issn=2090-1232|doi-access=free |pmid=39233003 |pmc=12225907 }}</ref> and antiviral activity.<ref name="pmid9174978">{{cite journal|vauthors=Afolayan AJ, Meyer JJ, Taylor MB, Erasmus D | title=Antiviral activity of galangin isolated from the aerial parts of Helichrysum aureonitens | journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology | year= 1997 | volume= 56 | issue= 2 | pages= 165–169 | pmid=917497 | doi=10.1016/s0378-8741(97)01514-6}}</ref> It also inhibits the growth of breast tumor cells ''in vitro''.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = So | first1 = F. V. | last2 = Guthrie | first2 = N. | last3 = Chambers | first3 = A. F. | last4 = Moussa | first4 = M. | last5 = Carroll | first5 = K. K. | title = Inhibition of human breast cancer cell proliferation and delay of mammary tumorigenesis by flavonoids and citrus juices | doi = 10.1080/01635589609514473 | journal = Nutrition and Cancer | volume = 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 167–181 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8875554 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = So | first1 = F. | last2 = Guthrie | first2 = N. | last3 = Chambers | first3 = A. F. | last4 = Carroll | first4 = K. K. | title = Inhibition of proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by flavonoids in the presence and absence of excess estrogen | doi = 10.1016/S0304-3835(96)04557-0 | journal = Cancer Letters | volume = 112 | issue = 2 | pages = 127–133 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9066718}}</ref>
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == * [http://www.chemblink.com/products/548-83-4.htm Galangin on Chemblink.com]
{{flavonol}}
Category:Flavonols Category:Resorcinols Category:Steroid sulfotransferase inhibitors Category:Triols