Angerdorf

{{Short description|Type of village in Germany or Austria}} [[File:Alt-Marzahn Plan aus öff. Tafel 110320 AMA fec (49).jpg|thumb|The ''Angerdorf'' of Marzahn ]] [[File:Karte-Leopoldau.jpg|thumb|Historical map of Leopoldau, Vienna - an ''Angerdorf'']] __NOTOC__ {{italic title}} An '''''Angerdorf''''' ({{IPA|de|ˈaŋɐdɔʁf|-|De-Angerdorf.ogg}}; plural: ''Angerdörfer'') is a type of village that is characterised by the houses and farmsteads being laid out around a central grassed area, the ''anger'' (from the Old High German ''angar'' =pasture or grassy place),<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=DZwgAAAAQBAJ&dq=Anger&pg=PA62 Deutsches Wörterbuch, von Friedrich L. Weigand, 1968].</ref> a village green which was common land, owned jointly by the village community. The ''anger'' is usually in the shape of a lens or an eye, but may also take other forms: a rectangle, triangle, circle or semi-circle (illustrated). The buildings are oriented with their eaves facing the road. Livestock stalls and barns are at the rear of the plot (in Austria called the ''Hintaus'') and may be linked by a farm track that runs around the village forming an outer ring.

There is often a village pond on the ''anger'' and sometimes a stream flows through it which may not be easy to recognise today where the groundwater level has changed. The waterbody may well be the reason the ''anger'' was chosen. Originally there were no buildings on the ''anger'', but in the course of time other community facilities were often built on it, such as the village church, village school or a smithy.

''Angerdörfer'' occur in Central Europe, especially on ground moraine plates and in loess-covered terrain. In Germany they are common in East Germany and east Central Germany. They were often established during the period of German Ostkolonisation in the Middle Ages and in many western Hungarian villages (for example in Burgenland's Loretto, formerly in Hungary, with the largest ''anger'' in Europe) the original layout has survived.

In Austria this type of village occurs predominantly in the Waldviertel and Weinviertel provinces of Lower Austria, in the Vienna Basin, in Burgenland and in east and south Styria.<ref>[http://www.austria-lexikon.at/ebook/wbin/ambrosius.html#thumbview=2p&pageid=00000242&layer=default1&pagenum=245&book=Lexika/Oesterreich_Lexikon_Band1 Dorf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180614/http://www.austria-lexikon.at/ebook/wbin/ambrosius.html#thumbview=2p&pageid=00000242&layer=default1&pagenum=245&book=Lexika/Oesterreich_Lexikon_Band1 |date=2015-09-23 }} im Österreich-Lexikon</ref>

There are also ''Angerdörfer'' in Lorraine in the vicinity of the Franco-German language boundary (e. g. Sommerviller) and in North England (e. g. Maulds Meaburn).

== Gallery == <gallery> Schilda Dorfanger.jpg|Dorfanger of Schilda (Brandenburg) Schmorda Ortslage.jpg|''Anger'' of Schmorda (Thuringia) Angerdorf Hönbach-Oberer Dorfteich.jpg|Village pond in the ''anger'' of Hönbach (Thuringia) </gallery>

== References == <references />

== External links == * {{austriaforum|Wissenssammlungen/ABC_zur_Volkskunde_%C3%96sterreichs/Siedlungsformen|Settlement types}} * [http://dorfanger-blankenburg.de/cms/berlin-blankenburg/landkarte/dorfkern-1836 Dorfanger Blankenburg (Berlin), 1836] * [https://www.google.at/maps/@48.9544756,10.9539125,1208m/data=!3m1!1e3 Osterdorf in Bayern] at Google maps * [https://www.google.at/maps/@51.6063304,13.3869369,574m/data=!3m1!1e3 Dorfanger von Schilda] at Google maps * [https://www.google.at/maps/@47.9144628,16.5134433,619m/data=!3m1!1e3 Anger von Loretto] at Google maps * [http://gw.eduhi.at/programm/kol/oh/l4_s7/l4_053.jpg Aerial photograph of Immendorf (near Hollabrunn in Lower Austria)] * [http://angergaerten.at Angergärten Unterretzbach] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304113528/https://www.wien.gv.at/wiki/index.php/Angerdorf Original ''Angerdörfer'' of Vienna]

Category:Types of villages