Egret

{{Short description|Type of bird of the heron family}} {{Other uses|Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope|Egret oil field (disambiguation){{!}}Egret oil field}} {{More citations needed|date=February 2022}} {{Paraphyletic group | name = Egret | image=Ardea modesta.jpg | image_caption = Eastern great egret (''Ardea alba modesta'') | auto = yes | parent = Ardeinae | subdivision_ranks = Genera | includes = {{Plainlist| * ''Egretta'' * ''Ardea'' * ''Bubulcus'' * ''Mesophoyx'' }} | excludes = {{Plainlist| * ''Nycticorax'' * ''Nyctanassa'' * ''Gorsachius'' * ''Butorides'' * ''Agamia'' * ''Pilherodius'' * ''Ardeola'' * ''Syrigma'' }} }}

'''Egrets''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|iː|.|ɡ|r|ə|t}}, {{Respell|EE|grət}}) are herons; generally long-legged wading birds that have white or buff plumage and develop fine plumes (usually milky white) during the breeding season. Egrets are not a biologically distinct group from herons and have the same build.

Egrets hold a separate group with bitterns and herons within the 74 species found in the bird family Ardeidae. Many egrets are members of the genera ''Egretta'' or ''Ardea'', which also contain other species named as herons rather than egrets. The distinction between a heron and an egret is rather vague, and depends more on appearance than biology. The word "egret" comes from the French word ''aigrette'' that means both "silver heron" and "brush", referring to the long, filamentous feathers that seem to cascade down an egret's back during the breeding season (also called "egrets").

Several of the egrets have been reclassified from one genus to another in recent years; the great egret, for example, has been classified as a member of either ''Casmerodius'', ''Egretta'', or ''Ardea''.

In the 19th and early part of the 20th centuries, some of the world's egret species were endangered by relentless plume hunting, since hat makers in Europe and the United States demanded large numbers of egret plumes, leading to breeding birds being killed in many places around the world.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/great-egret | title=Great Egret | date=13 November 2014 }}</ref>

Several ''Egretta'' species, including the eastern reef egret, the reddish egret, and the western reef egret, have two distinct colours, one of which is just white. The little blue heron has all-white juvenile plumage.

==Species in taxonomic order== [[File:IMG 3819-01 El Qanater waterfalls.jpg|thumb|A little egret from Egypt]] * Great egret or great white egret, ''Ardea alba'' * Great blue heron, ''Ardea herodias'' * Intermediate egret, ''Mesophoyx intermedia'' * Western cattle egret, ''Ardea ibis'' * Little egret, ''Egretta garzetta'' * Snowy egret, ''Egretta thula'' * Reddish egret, ''Egretta rufescens'' * Slaty egret, ''Egretta vinaceigula'' * Black egret, ''Egretta ardesiaca'' * Chinese egret, ''Egretta eulophotes'' * Eastern reef egret or Pacific reef heron, ''Egretta sacra'' * Western reef egret or Western reef heron, ''Egretta gularis'' * Eastern cattle egret, ''Ardea coromanda'' [[File:Egret At Malampuzha Garden.JPG|thumbnail|Egret at Palakkad, India]]

==Habitat== Egrets inhabit all continents; although they typically avoid the coldest regions, arid deserts, and very high mountains. They hunt and live in both saltwater and freshwater marshes.<ref>{{cite web|last1=The Cornell Lab of Ornithology|title=Egret|url=http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Egret/id|website=All About Birds|publisher=Cornell University|access-date=11 August 2015}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== * [https://www.britannica.com/animal/egret Egret article] in the ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'' * [https://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/Infocenter/i1960id.html Great egret ''Ardea alba'']; {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103052623/https://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/Infocenter/i1960id.html |date=2017-01-03 }}—USGS+24r5

* * Category:Bird common names