EIF-2 kinase

{{Short description|Protein serine/threonine kinase that is induced by interferon}} [[Image:EIF2regulation.jpg|thumb|Regulation of translation initiation via phosphorylation of Ser51 in eIF2's α-subunit.<ref name="pmid11042214">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nika J, Rippel S, Hannig EM |title=Biochemical analysis of the eIF2beta gamma complex reveals a structural function for eIF2alpha in catalyzed nucleotide exchange |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue=2 |pages=1051–6 |date=January 2001 |pmid=11042214 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M007398200 |doi-access=free }}</ref>]] '''eIF-2-alpha kinase''' is a kinase enzyme that phosphorylates eIF2α. There are four forms in mammals: <ref>{{cite web |title=Gene group {{!}} HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee |url=https://www.genenames.org/data/genegroup/#!/group/2124 |website=www.genenames.org}}</ref>

* EIF2AK1: heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI) * EIF2AK2: the double-stranded RNA-dependent kinase (protein kinase R, PKR) * EIF2AK3: also known as "PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase" (PEK/PERK) * EIF2AK4: also known as GCN2

These are all responsible for the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF-2 at serine 51, one of the best-characterized mechanisms for down-regulating protein synthesis in eukaryotes as a part of cellular stress response.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Berlanga |first1=JJ |last2=Santoyo |first2=J |last3=De Haro |first3=C |title=Characterization of a mammalian homolog of the GCN2 eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase. |journal=European Journal of Biochemistry |date=October 1999 |volume=265 |issue=2 |pages=754–62 |doi=10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00780.x |pmid=10504407}}</ref>

==References== {{reflist}}

Category:EC 2.7.11