{{Short description|Ancient Greek mixing bowl or cauldron}} {{Hatnote group| {{For|dinosaurs|Dinosaur}} {{other uses}}}} [[File:Dinos animals Louvre Cp11243.jpg|thumb|Attic {{Transliteration|grc|dinos}}, {{circa|540 BCE}}, Louvre]] In the typology of ancient Greek pottery, the {{Transliteration|grc|'''dinos'''}} (plural {{Transliteration|grc|'''dinoi'''}}'','' known in ancient times as a {{Transliteration|grc|'''lebes'''}}) is a mixing bowl or cauldron. {{Transliteration|grc|Dinos}} means {{gloss|drinking cup}}, but in modern typology is used for the same shape as a {{Transliteration|grc|lebes}}, that is, a bowl with a spherical body, often accompanied by a wheel-turned stand. It has no handles and no feet. Literary references to such vessels are known from the ''Iliad'', and examples have been found from between the seventh and fifth centuries BCE. Ancient artists who painted {{Transliteration|grc|dinoi}} include the Dinos Painter, the Gorgon Painter, the Berlin Painter, Exekias and Sophilos.
==History== A {{Transliteration|grc|dinos}} was a large, deep bowl, with a round bottom and a wide mouth. {{Transliteration|grc|Dinoi}} were used both for cooking and for mixing wine with water.{{Refn|name=Perseus|1={{cite web| title=Dinos| url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0004:id=dinos| access-date=2025-04-06| website=Perseus Encyclopaedia}}}} The term is modern; in ancient Greece, the word {{Transliteration|grc|dinos}} was used for a drinking-cup,{{Sfn|Sparkes|1991|p=62}} while the term {{Transliteration|grc|lebes}} was used for the rounded bowl.{{Refn|name=Perseus}}
{{Transliteration|grc|Dinoi}} were often made with wheel-turned stands, and could be made either in metal or in terracotta: it is likely that the metal examples were designed for cooking, while the ceramic ones were more likely to be used (similarly to kraters) for mixing wine at symposia.{{Refn|name=Perseus}}{{Refn|{{cite web|title=Terracotta dinos (mixing bowl)| publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art| access-date=2025-04-06| url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/256846}}}} {{Transliteration|grc|Dinoi}} are known from the seventh to the fifth centuries BCE: the oldest known Athenian black-figure example is the name vase of the Gorgon Painter,{{Refn|name=Perseus}} from around 580 BCE.{{Sfn|Mertens|2014|p=140}} Literary references to them are found in the ''Iliad'' and the works of Aeschylus and Aristophanes.{{Refn|name=Perseus}}
The Dinos Painter, active in Athens during the second half of the fifth century BCE, takes his name from the type of vase characteristic of his work.{{sfn|Sparkes|1991|p=115}} A {{Transliteration|grc|dinos}} painted and signed by Sophilos, made around 580–570 BCE,{{Refn|{{cite web|title=Dinos| url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/G_1971-1101-1| website=The British Museum| access-date=2025-04-06}}}} depicts the wedding of Peleus and Thetis and includes the earliest known depiction of the Muses.{{Sfn|Bundrick|2005|p=52}} Sophilos may have dedicated another of his {{Transliteration|grc|dinoi}}, now in fragments, to the gods on the Acropolis of Athens.{{Sfn|Cohen|2006|p=162}} His {{Transliteration|grc|dinoi}} are the earliest known works of ancient Greek pottery to include encircling friezes of humanoid figures.{{Sfn|Mannack|2018|p=47}}
Exekias also made and signed a black-figure {{Transliteration|grc|dinos}}, now in the British Museum;{{Sfn|Cohen|2006|loc=p. 42, footnotes}} another {{Transliteration|grc|dinos}} is known to have been the work of the Berlin Painter.{{Sfn|Robertson|1992|p=246}} The {{Transliteration|grc|dinos}} was the main product, slightly ahead of plates, of a school of potters active in Aeolis, which flourished in the first quarter of the sixth century BCE. These artists included the London Painter, and exported their works to Naucratis in Egypt and to Greek colonies on the Black Sea.{{Sfn|Cook|1997|p=176}}
==References== {{Reflist|20em}}
==Bibliography== {{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}} * {{cite book| last=Bundrick| first=Sheramy D.| date=2005| title=Music and Image in Classical Athens| publisher=Cambridge University Press| isbn=978-0-521-84806-0}} * {{cite book| last=Cohen| first=Beth| year=2006| title=The Colors of Clay: Special Techniques in Athenian Vases| publisher=J. Paul Getty Museum| place=Los Angeles| isbn=978-0-89236-942-3}} * {{Cite book| last=Cook| first=Robert M.| author-link=Robert Manuel Cook| date=1997| title=Greek Painted Pottery| edition=3rd| publisher=Routledge| place=Abingdon| isbn=0-415-13859-0}} * {{cite book| last=Mannack| first=Thomas| date=2018| chapter=Greek Decorated Pottery I: Athenian Vase-Painting| title=A Companion to Greek Art| editor-last1=Plantzos| editor-first1=Dimitris| editor-last2=Smith| editor-first2=Tyler Jo| publisher=Blackwell| place=Oxford| isbn=978-1-119-26681-5| pages=39–61}} * {{cite book| last=Mertens| first=Joan R.| date=2014| chapter=Chariots in Black-Figure Attic Vase Painting: Antecedents and Ramifications| editor-last=Oakley| editor-first=John H.| title=Athenian Potters and Painters| volume=3| publisher=Oxbow Books| place=Oxford | isbn=978-1-78297-663-9| pages=134–145}} * {{cite book| last=Robertson| first=Martin| author-link=Martin Robertson| date=1992| title=The Art of Vase-Painting in Classical Athens| publisher=Cambridge University Press| isbn=0-521-33881-6}} * {{cite book| last=Sparkes| first=Brian A.| date=1991| title=Greek Pottery: An Introduction| publisher=Manchester University Press| isbn=0-7190-2236-3}} {{refend}}
==See also== * Ancient Greek vase painting * Pottery of ancient Greece
{{Greek vase shapes}}
Category:Ancient Greek pot shapes