Danlayer

{{Short description|Ship for marking areas swept for mines}} [[File:HMS Sir Galahad.jpg|thumb|300px|right|{{HMS|Sir Galahad|T226|6}}, a {{sclass2|Round Table|trawler|0}} trawler displacing 440 long tons, was converted to a danlayer in 1944 and used to support the Normandy landings]]

A '''danlayer''' was a type of vessel assigned to minesweeping flotillas during and immediately after World War II. They were usually small trawlers, fitted for the purpose of laying dans. A '''dan''' is a marker buoy which consists of a long pole moored to the seabed and fitted to float vertically, usually with a coded flag at the top.

Dan laying was an important part of minesweeping, and boats were fitted specifically for this purpose. The task of a danlayer was to follow the minesweepers as they worked an area, and lay the dans which defined the area swept and made it obvious where the clear channels were. This would also help the minesweepers cover areas accurately without gaps and unnecessary overlaps.<ref>McDougall RJ, ''New Zealand Naval Vessels'', p. 55. Wellington, NZ: Government Printing Office, 1989. {{ISBN|978-0-477-01399-4}}</ref> A danlayer worked with a minesweeper flotilla when large areas of sea were to be swept.

==List of danlayers== ===Germany=== Since Germany had been an exponent of mine warfare since the 1920s, it was natural that the ''Kriegsmarine'' used a number of danlayers during World War II. Danlayers of the Kriegsmarine included the following vessels: * The 800-ton, 176-foot ''B 206'' - This vessel was ceded to France in 1946 and outfitted as the surveying vessel ''Ingénieur Hydrographe Nicolas'' * The 120-ton, 82-foot ''B 253, B 254, B 261, B 262, B 264, B 273'' and ''B 275'' - These were ceded to France in 1946 and renamed ''Rachgoun, Treberon, Tourteau, Cassidaigne, Les Madeleines, Habibas'' and ''Crabe'', respectively. ''Tourteau'' and ''Crabe'' became surveying tenders, while the others were employed as small harbor transports for naval personnel. * The 600-ton, 180-foot ''B 281'' (formerly the patrol trawler ''V 204'', originally named ''Zieten'') - This vessel was ceded to France in 1946 and renamed ''Astrolabe'' as a surveying tender. * The 500-ton, 137-foot ''B 282'' and ''B 284'' (formerly the whalers ''Treff. 6'' and ''Traff. 2''), respectively) - Both were ceded to France in 1946 and renamed ''Estafette'' and ''Sentinelle'' as surveying tenders.

===United Kingdom=== Danlayers employed by the Royal Navy during the extensive mine clearance operations following World War II included the following {{sclass2|Isles|trawler|1}}s. {{div col}} * ''Hellisay'' (T391) * ''Hermetray'' (T392) * ''Imersay'' (J422) * ''Orsay'' (J450) * ''Ronay'' (J429) * ''Sandray'' (J424) * ''Scaravay'' (J425) * ''Sheppey'' (T292) * ''Shillay'' (J426) * ''Sursay'' (J427) * ''Tahay'' (J452) * ''Tocogay'' (J451) * ''Trodday'' (J431) * ''Vaceasay'' (J432) * ''Vallay'' (J434) * ''Wiay'' (J441) {{div col end}} Two {{sclass2|Round Table|trawler|1}}s, ''Sir Lanceleot'' (T228) and {{HMS|Sir Galahad|T226|3}} were converted from minesweepers to danlayers prior to the Normandy landings.

In 1944, prior to the Allied invasion of Normandy, the Admiralty-type Motor Mine Sweepers Nos. 141, 142, 238, 239, 240, and 241 were converted to danlayers and renamed HMS ''Burfin'', HMS ''Cottel'', HMS ''Fichot'', HMS ''Jude'', HMS ''Quirpon'', HMS ''St. Barbe''. All were twin-screw, wooden, 105-foot, coastal-minesweeping sloops that were financed by Steers Ltd. of St. John's, Newfoundland and built by Henry Stone in his shipyard at Monroe, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, Canada between 1941 and 1943.

===New Zealand=== Danlayers employed by the Royal New Zealand Navy during World War II {{div col}} * HMNZS ''Coastguard'' (T12) * HMNZS ''Ikatere'' * HMNZS ''Kaiwaka'' (T14) * HMNZS ''Nora Niven'' (T23) * HMNZS ''Phyllis'' T22 * HMNZS Waiho (T34) * HMNZS Waima (T33) * HMNZS Waipu (T32) {{div col end}} ==Notes== {{reflist}}

==References== * Francis E. McMurtrie and Raymond V.B. Blackman (eds.), ''Jane's Fighting Ships 1949–50'', pp. 63, 193, 194. New York: The McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1949. * H.T. Lenton and J.J. Colledge, ''Warships of World War II'', pp. 534 & 538, London, UK: Ian Allan Ltd., 1964.

Category:Ship types Category:Minesweepers