{{Infobox medical condition | name = | synonyms = | image = File:Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.svg | alt = | caption = Different regions of Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis | pronounce = | field = General surgery | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }}
'''Cuffitis''' is inflammation at the anal transition zone or "cuff" created as a result of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/digestive_diseases/diseases-conditions/hic-pouchitis|title=Pouchitis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment {{!}} Cleveland Clinic|website=my.clevelandclinic.org|access-date=2016-12-12}}</ref> It is considered a variant form of ulcerative colitis that occurs in the rectal cuff.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Shen|first=Bo|date=2016-12-12|title=Diagnosis and Management of Postoperative Ileal Pouch Disorders|journal=Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery|volume=23|issue=4|pages=259–268|doi=10.1055/s-0030-1268252|issn=1531-0043|pmc=3134805|pmid=22131896}}</ref> Cuffitis is a common complication of IPAA, particularly when a stapled anastomosis without mucosectomy procedure has been used.<ref name=":1" />
== Signs and symptoms == Symptoms of cuffitis mimic those of pouchitis.<ref name=":1" /> In addition, patients with cuffitis often present with small volume bloody bowel movements.<ref name=":1" /> Often, cuffitis can produce the appearance of bright red blood on tissue.<ref name=":0" />
=== Complications === Surgery-associated ischemia may contribute inflammation at the anal transitional zone.<ref name=":1" />
Patients whose cuffitis is refractory to mesalamine and/or corticosteroids should be evaluated for other disease in the cuff area, such as fistula or anastomotic leaks.<ref name=":1" /> Cuffitis that is refractory to medication can also be a sign of Crohn's disease of the pouch.<ref name=":1" />
Chronic cuffitis can also contribute to the development of anastomotic stricture.<ref name=":1" />
Cuffitis that is refractory, Crohn's-related, or is associated with surgical complications can contribute to pouch failure.<ref name=":1" />
== Diagnosis == Definitive diagnose of cuffitis is obtained by endoscopy.<ref name=":1" />
== Treatment == Cuffitis is treated with mesalamine suppositories or topical application of lidocaine or corticosteroid medications.<ref name=":1" /> Systemic medications are rarely used.<ref name=":1" />
== References == {{Reflist}}
Category:Gastrointestinal tract disorders Category:Complications of surgical and medical care Category:Inflammations